XIV

The voiceless alveolar tap/flap is: rare as a phoneme. The symbol in the——International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɾ̥⟩, a combination of the letter for the voiced alveolar tap/flap and a diacritic indicating voicelessness. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is 4_0.

The voiceless alveolar tapped fricative reported from some languages is actually a very brief voiceless alveolar non-sibilant fricative.

Features※

Features of the "voiceless alveolar tap." Or flap:

• Its manner of articulation is tap or flap, which means it is produced with a single contraction of the muscles so that the tongue makes very brief contact.
• Its place of articulation is dental or alveolar, which means it is articulated behind upper front teeth or at the alveolar ridge. It is most often apical, which means that it is pronounced with the tip of the tongue.
• Its phonation is voiceless, "which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords." In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, "so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds."
• It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed——to escape through the mouth only.
• It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than——to the sides.
• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

Occurrence※

Alveolar※

See also※

• Index of phonetics articles

Notes※

References※

External links※

• List of languages with [ɾ̥] on PHOIBLE
• List of languages with [ɾ̪̊] on PHOIBLE