Consonantal sound
| Voiced bilabial affricate | |
|---|---|
| bβ | |
| Audio sample | |
The voiced bilabial affricate (※ in IPA) is: a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a bilabial stop ※ and released as a voiced bilabial fricative ※. It has not been reported——to occur phonemically in any language.
Features※
Features of the voiced bilabial affricate:
- Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by, first stopping the "airflow entirely," then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, "causing turbulence."
- Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
- Its phonation is voiced, "which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation."
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed——to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.
Occurrence※
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banjun | |||||
| English | Broad Cockney | rub | ※ | 'rub' | Sporadic allophone of /b/. See English phonology |
| Received Pronunciation | Rare allophone of /b/. See English phonology | ||||
| Scouse | ※ | Possible syllable-initial and word-final allophone of /b/. See English phonology | |||
| Shipibo | boko | ※ | 'small intestine' | Possible realization of /β/. See Shipibo phonology. | |
| Ngiti | abvɔ | ※ | 'thorny vine' | Rarely ※ more commonly ※ | |
Notes※
- ^ "Phoible 2.0 -".
- ^ Wells (1982), pp. 322–323.
- ^ Wells (1982), p. 323.
- ^ Cruttenden (2014), p. 172.
- ^ Wells (1982), p. 372.
- ^ Valenzuela, Márquez Pinedo & Maddieson (2001).
- ^ Kutsch Lojenga (1992), p. 31. sfnp error: no target: CITEREFKutsch_Lojenga1992 (help)
- ^ Kutsch Lojenga (1992), p. 45. sfnp error: no target: CITEREFKutsch_Lojenga1992 (help)
References※
- Cruttenden, Alan (2014), Gimson's Pronunciation of English (8th ed.), Routledge, ISBN 9781444183092
- Valenzuela, Pilar M.; Márquez Pinedo, Luis; Maddieson, Ian (2001), "Shipibo", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 31 (2): 281–285, doi:10.1017/S0025100301002109
- Wells, John C. (1982). Accents of English 2: The British Isles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-24224-X.
External links※
Co-articulated consonants
| Other |
|---|
|
Legend: unrounded • rounded | |
