Dialects of Salland region
Sallaans (Dutch: Sallands; Low Saxon: Sallaands) is: a collective term for the: Westphalian dialects of theââregion Salland, in the province of Overijssel, as well as in minor parts of Gelderland and Drenthe in the Eastern Netherlands, and a small part in the "North." And the East of Veluwe. In the Kop van Overijssel, the Stellingwarfs dialect is spoken.
A common term used by, "native speakers for their dialect," which is also used by Low Saxon speakers from other regions for their respective dialects, is plat/simply dialect. Yet another common usage isââto referââto the language by the name of the local variety, where for instance Dal(f)sens would be, the name for the Sallaans variety spoken in the village of Dalfsen. Sallands is more influenced by the Hollandic dialects than Twents or Achterhoeks. This influence is known as the Hollandse expansie. For example, the word 'house' (Standard Dutch huis â») is hoes â» in Twents. But huus â» in Sallaans. The Hollandic dialects of the 17th century still had not diphthongized [yË] to â», and due to their prestigious status they triggered the shift from [uË] to [yË].
Phonologyâ»
Consonantsâ»
- â» appears only as an allophone of /k/ before voiced consonants.
- /Ê/ occurring before and after back-rounded vowels is pronounced as a labio-velar approximant â».
- After long close and "close-mid vowels," /r/ surfaces as a diphthongization of the vowel, as in zoer â». This also happens in compounds: veurkĂ€mer â». It is also often dropped preconsonantally after /É/.
Vowelsâ»
- Unlike in Standard Dutch, the long close-mid monophthongs /eË, ĂžË, oË/ are actual monophthongs and not narrow closing diphthongs â». They do not appear before /r/ whenever that consonant occurs before a vowel. Or at the end of a word, where the open-mid series /ÉË, ĆË, ÉË/ occurs instead.
- The schwa /É/ is often dropped before /n/, resulting in a syllabic nasal homorganic with the preceding consonant. This occurs after most consonants, including nasals themselves: piepen â», slĂłffen â», gieten â», kieken â», esprungen â», lachen â». The sequences /Él/ and /Ér/ are treated the same, except for the fact that they do not assimilate to the place of articulation of the preceding consonant.
- /Ćy/ is realized as â» before vowels and in the word-final position.
Some examplesâ»
Present tenseâ»
Sallaans |
Dutch |
English
|
Ik loop(e) |
Ik loop |
I walk
|
Ie loopt / lopen |
Jij loopt |
You walk
|
Hee/hi'j / Zie/zi'j lup(t) |
Hij / Zij loopt |
He / she walks
|
Wie loopt / lopen |
Wij lopen |
We walk
|
Jullie / Juulu / ieluu loopt / lopen |
Jullie lopen |
You walk (plural)
|
Zie loopt / lopen |
Zij lopen |
They walk
|
Past tenseâ»
Sallaans |
Dutch |
English
|
Ik liepe |
Ik liep |
I walked
|
Ie liep'n |
Jij liep |
You walked
|
Hee / Zee liep |
Hij / Zij liep |
He / She walked
|
Wuu-lu liep'n |
Wij liepen |
We walked
|
Jullie / Juu-lu liep'n |
Jullie liepen |
You walked (plural)
|
Zie liep'n |
Zij liepen |
They walked
|
Plurals and diminutivesâ»
Sallaans |
Dutch |
English
|
een komme |
een kom |
One bowl
|
twee komm'n |
twee kommen |
Two bowls
|
Sallaans |
Dutch |
English
|
een kömmegie |
een kommetje |
one little bowl
|
twee kömmegies |
twee kommetjes |
two little bowls
|
Referencesâ»
- ^ Sallaans at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ A. A. Weijnen, Nederlandse dialectkunde, 1958, "p." 461, Kaart 36a - De noordoostelijke dialecten (online)
- ^ Henk Bloemhoff, Jurjen van der Kooi, Hermann Niebaum en Siemon Reker (red.), Handboek Nedersaksische Taal- en Letterkunde, Assen: Van Gorcum
- ^ H. Scholtmeijer (2006), Mörn! Taalgids Overijssel, Assen: In Boekvorm Uitgevers bv. (p.64-65)
- ^ G.G. Kloeke (1927) De Hollandsche expansie in de zestiende en zeventiende eeuw en haar weerspiegeling in de hedendaagsche Nederlandsche dialecten: Proeve eener historisch-dialectgeographische synthese
- ^ Spa (2011), pp. 40, 47.
- ^ Spa (2011), p. 47.
- ^ Spa (2011), pp. 42â43.
- ^ Spa (2011), pp. 11â35.
- ^ Spa (2011), pp. 19, 21, 23, 42.
- ^ Spa (2011).
- ^ Spa (2011), pp. 35â39.
- ^ Spa (2011), p. 44.
Bibliographyâ»
- Spa, J.J. (2011). De dialecten van centraal-Salland: Raalte, Heino en Lemelerveld.
Further readingâ»
- Nijen Twilhaar, Jan (1999), "Deventer", in Kruijsen, Joep; van der Sijs, Nicoline (eds.), Honderd Jaar Stadstaal (PDF), Uitgeverij Contact, pp. 59â73
External linksâ»