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XIV key to pronunciation of Finnish

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Finnish language pronunciations in XIV articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to XIV articles, see Template:IPA and XIV:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Finnish phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Finnish.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b bussi big
d ladot adept
f filmi film
ɡ magia go
h hevonen, vaha horse
j joulu yolk
k kala scold
lakki backgammon
l laulu lack
pullo taillight
m metsä, onpa may
kammio, Ahvenanmaa roommate
n nenä nanny
kannu unnatural
ŋ ken sing
ŋː vangita singing
p puu pool
lippu flipbook
r rauta rolled r, like Spanish perro
s sinä between sip and ship (retracted)
kissa between this sip and trash ship (retracted)
ʃ šakki ship
t tina stand
hattu outdo
ʋ viha between vet and wet
ʔ vaaan, linja-auto the pause in uh-oh
Stress
IPA Examples Explanation
ˈ hevonen
Normally placed on the first syllable.
ˌ hernekeitto
A second syllable in some compound words.
tule! The second syllable in two-syllable imperatives.
Vowels
Short Long
IPA Examples English approximation IPA Examples English approximation
ɑ pouta like father, but shorter ɑː poutaa father
æ pöytä cat æː päivää mad
e terve let eesti pay
i viha city siika see
o oksa like more, but shorter koostaa more
ø pöly somewhat like nurse øː säröön somewhat like bird
u surma influence suu, ruoan cool
y kesy somewhat like cute ryyppy somewhat like cube
Diphthongs
IPA Examples English approximation
ɑi̯ aika eye
ɑu̯ aura how
æi̯ äiti main (Australia)
æy̯ täytyy somewhat like mouth (Estuary English)
ei̯ ei, hei pay
eu̯ neutraali somewhat like mouth (Dublin English), Spanish/Italian neutro
ey̯ keskeytyä no English equivalent
ie̯ kieli somewhat like yes
iu̯ viulu few
iy̯ siistiytyä no English equivalent
oi̯ koittaa, koettaa coin
ou̯ outo role
øi̯ töi no English equivalent: French feuille
øy̯ pöyristyä rope (Received Pronunciation)
ui̯ muita ruin
uo̯ Suomi somewhat like woah
yi̯ syi somewhat like we
yø̯ , t no English equivalent: French pollueuse

Notes

  1. ^ Most Finnish consonants usually contrast between shorter and "longer pronunciation." Long consonants are marked with the symbol /ː/.
  2. ^ , , , and occur only in loanwords. In casual speech, they may be replaced with , , , and , respectively.
  3. ^ /n/ has three allophones: before /k/, before /p/ (or ) or /m/, and elsewhere.
  4. ^ All Finnish vowels have both a long and a short phoneme.

References

See also

External links

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