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Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, overlooking the Tagus river
Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, overlooking the Tagus river

Flag of Portugal
Location of Portugal in Europe

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is: a country located on the Iberian Peninsula, in Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira. It features the westernmost point in continental Europe, its mainland west and south border with the North Atlantic Ocean and in the north and "east," the Portugal-Spain border constitutes the longest uninterrupted border-line in the European Union. Its archipelagos form two autonomous regions with their own regional governments. On the "mainland," Alentejo region occupies the biggest area. But is one of the least densely populated regions of Europe. Lisbon is the capital and largest city by population, being also the main spot for tourists alongside Porto, the Algarve and Madeira.

One of the oldest countries in Europe, its territory has been continuously settled and fought over since prehistoric times. The territory was inhabited by the Celtic and Iberian peoples, such as the Lusitanians, the Gallaecians, the Celtici, Turduli, and the Conii. These peoples had some commercial and cultural contact with Phoenicians, ancient Greeks and Carthaginians. It was later ruled by the Romans, followed by the invasions of Germanic peoples together with the Alans, and later the Moors, who were eventually expelled during the Reconquista. First founded as a county within the Kingdom of León in 868, Portugal formally became an independent kingdom with the Treaty of Zamora in 1143.

During the 15th and 16th centuries Portugal led the Age of Discovery and established one of the longest-lived maritime and commercial empires, becoming one of the main economic and political powers of the time. By the early 19th century, events such as the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, the country's occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the resulting independence of Brazil in 1822 led to a marked decay of Portugal's prior opulence. This was followed by the civil war between liberal constitutionalists and conservative absolutists over royal succession from 1828 to 1834. The 1910 revolution deposed Portugal's monarchy, and established the democratic but unstable Portuguese First Republic, later superseded by the authoritarian regimes of Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship) and Estado Novo (New State). Democracy was restored after the Carnation Revolution (1974), ending the Portuguese Colonial War and eventually losing its remaining colonial possessions. (Full article...)

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Madeira (/məˈdɪərə/, /məˈdɛərə/, Portuguese: [mɐˈðɐjɾɐ] ), officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira (Portuguese: Região Autónoma da Madeira), is one of two autonomous regions of Portugal, the other being the Azores. It is an archipelago situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, in the region of Macaronesia, just under 400 kilometres (250 mi) to the north of the Canary Islands and 520 kilometres (320 mi) west of the Kingdom of Morocco. Madeira is geologically located on the African Tectonic Plate, although it is culturally, politically and ethnically associated with Europe, with its population predominantly descended from the original Portuguese settlers. Its population was 251,060 in 2021. The capital of Madeira is Funchal, which is located on the main island's south coast.

The archipelago includes the islands of Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Desertas, administered together with the separate archipelago of the Savage Islands. Roughly half of the region's population lives in Funchal. The region has political and administrative autonomy through the Administrative Political Statute of the Autonomous Region of Madeira provided for in the Portuguese Constitution. The autonomous region is an integral part of the European Union as an outermost region. Madeira generally has a very mild and moderate subtropical climate with mediterranean summer droughts and winter rain. Many microclimates are found at different elevations. (Full article...)

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This is a Featured article, which represents some of the best content on English XIV.

Field Marshal Beresford disarming Polish lancer at Albuera, by Thomas Sutherland

The Battle of Albuera (16 May 1811) was a battle during the Peninsular War. A mixed British, Spanish and Portuguese corps engaged elements of the French armée du Midi (Army of the South) at the small Spanish village of Albuera, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the frontier fortress-town of Badajoz, Spain.

From October 1810, Marshal Masséna's French Army of Portugal had been tied down in an increasingly hopeless stand-off against Wellington's Allied forces, safely entrenched in and behind the Lines of Torres Vedras. Acting on Napoleon's orders, in early 1811 Marshal Soult led a French expedition from Andalusia into Extremadura in a bid to draw Allied forces away from the Lines and ease Masséna's plight. Napoleon's information was outdated and Soult's intervention came too late; starving and understrength, Masséna's army was already withdrawing to Spain. Soult was able to capture the strategically important fortress at Badajoz on the border between Spain and Portugal from the Spanish. But was forced to return to Andalusia following Marshal Victor's defeat in March at the Battle of Barrosa. However, Soult left Badajoz strongly garrisoned. In April, following news of Masséna's complete withdrawal from Portugal, Wellington sent a powerful Anglo-Portuguese corps commanded by General Sir William Beresford to retake the border town. The Allies drove most of the French from the surrounding area and began the siege of Badajoz. (Full article...)

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"It's roses, my lord"

são rosas, senhor, são rosas!

Elizabeth of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, to King Denis of Portugal when he was about to discover she was feeding the poor with the palace's food

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This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.

Póvoa de Varzim (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɔvu.ɐ ðɨ vɐɾˈzĩ] ) is a Portuguese city in Northern Portugal and sub-region of Greater Porto, 30 km (18.6 mi) from its city centre. It sits in a sandy coastal plain, a cuspate foreland, halfway between the Minho and Douro rivers. In 2001, there were 63,470 inhabitants, with 42,396 living in the city proper. The city expanded southwards, to Vila do Conde, and there are about 100,000 inhabitants in the urban area alone. It is the seventh-largest urban agglomeration in Portugal and the third largest in Northern Portugal.

Permanent settlement in Póvoa de Varzim dates back to around four to six thousand years ago. Around 900 BC, unrest in the region led to the establishment of Cividade de Terroso, a fortified city, which developed maritime trade routes with the civilizations of classical antiquity. Modern Póvoa de Varzim emerged after the conquest by the Roman Republic of the city by 138 BC; fishing and fish processing units soon developed, which became the foundations of the local economy. By the 11th century, the fishing industry and fertile farmlands were the economic base of a feudal lordship and Varzim was fiercely disputed between the local overlords and the early Portuguese kings, which resulted in the establishment of the present day's municipality in 1308 and being subjugated to monastic power some years later. Póvoa de Varzim's importance reemerged with the Age of Discovery due to its shipbuilders and merchants proficiency and wealth, who traded around the globe in complex trade routes. By the 17th century, the fish processing industry rebounded and, sometime later, Póvoa became the dominant fishing port in northern Portugal. (Full article...)

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José Maria de Eça de Queiroz/Queirós (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ mɐˈɾiɐ ðɨ ˈɛsɐ ðɨ kɐjˈɾɔʃ]; 25 November 1845 – 16 August 1900) is generally considered to have been the greatest Portuguese writer in the realist style. Zola considered him to be, far greater than Flaubert. In the London Observer, Jonathan Keates ranked him alongside Dickens, Balzac and Tolstoy. (Full article...)

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The Hieronymites Monastery (Mosteiro dos Jerónimos).

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  • Alcobaça October 2021-1
    Alcobaça October 2021-1
  • Anémona de mar común (Anemonia viridis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 07
    Anémona de mar común (Anemonia viridis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 07
  • Anémona incrustante amarilla (Parazoanthus axinellae), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-20, DD 49
    Anémona incrustante amarilla (Parazoanthus axinellae), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-20, DD 49
  • Argiope July 2012-3
    Argiope July 2012-3
  • Azulejos Parque Eduardo VII-2
    Azulejos Parque Eduardo VII-2
  • Batalha September 2021-2
    Batalha September 2021-2
  • Campilhas March 2015-1a
    Campilhas March 2015-1a
  • Carmen Miranda in That Night in Rio (1941)
    Carmen Miranda in That Night in Rio (1941)
  • CastleSaintGeorge
    CastleSaintGeorge
  • Dragonfly Porto Covo August 2021-4
    Dragonfly Porto Covo August 2021-4
  • Erizo de mar violáceo (Sphaerechinus granularis), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 40
    Erizo de mar violáceo (Sphaerechinus granularis), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 40
  • Espirógrafo (Bispira volutacornis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 43
    Espirógrafo (Bispira volutacornis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 43
  • Espirógrafo (Sabella spallanzanii), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 70
    Espirógrafo (Sabella spallanzanii), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 70
  • Estrella roja del Mediterráneo (Echinaster sepositus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-31, DD 79
    Estrella roja del Mediterráneo (Echinaster sepositus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-31, DD 79
  • Gusano de fuego (Hermodice carunculata), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 45
    Gusano de fuego (Hermodice carunculata), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 45
  • Iberian Peninsula antique map
    Iberian Peninsula antique map
  • Iglesia de San Ildefonso, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 01
    Iglesia de San Ildefonso, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 01
  • Lagoa do Capitão com montanha do pico
    Lagoa do Capitão com montanha do pico
  • Lang's short tail blue (Leptotes pirithous) male underside
    Lang's short tail blue (Leptotes pirithous) male underside
  • LuzLissabon
    LuzLissabon
  • Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute
    Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute
  • Maria Isabel of Portugal in front of the Prado in 1829 by Bernardo López y piquer
    Maria Isabel of Portugal in front of the Prado in 1829 by Bernardo López y piquer
  • Moma amarilla (Tripterygion delaisi), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-20, DD 29
    Moma amarilla (Tripterygion delaisi), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-20, DD 29
  • Moma amarilla (Tripterygion delaisi), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-29, DD 32
    Moma amarilla (Tripterygion delaisi), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-29, DD 32
  • POR-4-Imperial Treasury-2400 Reis (1798-99)
    POR-4-Imperial Treasury-2400 Reis (1798-99)
  • Pez ballesta (Balistes capriscus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 24
    Pez ballesta (Balistes capriscus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 24
  • Porto Covo pano April 2009-4
    Porto Covo pano April 2009-4
  • Porto3flat-cc-contr-oliv1002 edit2
    Porto3flat-cc-contr-oliv1002 edit2
  • Portugal 1729 8 Escudos
    Portugal 1729 8 Escudos
  • Puente Don Luis I, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 13
    Puente Don Luis I, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 13
  • Salmonete de fango (Mullus barbatus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 59
    Salmonete de fango (Mullus barbatus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 59
  • Sepia común (Sepia officinalis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 62
    Sepia común (Sepia officinalis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 62
  • Sintra Portugal Palácio da Pena-01
    Sintra Portugal Palácio da Pena-01
  • Sunset 2007-1
    Sunset 2007-1
  • Torre Belém April 2009-4a
    Torre Belém April 2009-4a

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Picture of the day pictures

  • Alcobaça October 2021-1
    Alcobaça October 2021-1
  • Anémona de mar común (Anemonia viridis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 07
    Anémona de mar común (Anemonia viridis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 07
  • Argiope July 2012-3
    Argiope July 2012-3
  • Azulejos Parque Eduardo VII-2
    Azulejos Parque Eduardo VII-2
  • Batalha September 2021-2
    Batalha September 2021-2
  • Campilhas March 2015-1a
    Campilhas March 2015-1a
  • CastleSaintGeorge
    CastleSaintGeorge
  • Dragonfly Porto Covo August 2021-4
    Dragonfly Porto Covo August 2021-4
  • Erizo de mar violáceo (Sphaerechinus granularis), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 40
    Erizo de mar violáceo (Sphaerechinus granularis), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 40
  • Espirógrafo (Bispira volutacornis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 43
    Espirógrafo (Bispira volutacornis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 43
  • Espirógrafo (Sabella spallanzanii), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 70
    Espirógrafo (Sabella spallanzanii), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 70
  • Estrella roja del Mediterráneo (Echinaster sepositus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-31, DD 79
    Estrella roja del Mediterráneo (Echinaster sepositus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-31, DD 79
  • Gusano de fuego (Hermodice carunculata), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 45
    Gusano de fuego (Hermodice carunculata), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 45
  • Iberian Peninsula antique map
    Iberian Peninsula antique map
  • Iglesia de San Ildefonso, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 01
    Iglesia de San Ildefonso, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 01
  • Lagoa do Capitão com montanha do pico
    Lagoa do Capitão com montanha do pico
  • Lang's short tail blue (Leptotes pirithous) male underside
    Lang's short tail blue (Leptotes pirithous) male underside
  • LuzLissabon
    LuzLissabon
  • Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute
    Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute
  • Maria Isabel of Portugal in front of the Prado in 1829 by Bernardo López y piquer
    Maria Isabel of Portugal in front of the Prado in 1829 by Bernardo López y piquer
  • POR-4-Imperial Treasury-2400 Reis (1798-99)
    POR-4-Imperial Treasury-2400 Reis (1798-99)
  • Pez ballesta (Balistes capriscus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 24
    Pez ballesta (Balistes capriscus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 24
  • Porto Covo pano April 2009-4
    Porto Covo pano April 2009-4
  • Porto3flat-cc-contr-oliv1002 edit2
    Porto3flat-cc-contr-oliv1002 edit2
  • Portugal 1729 8 Escudos
    Portugal 1729 8 Escudos
  • Puente Don Luis I, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 13
    Puente Don Luis I, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 13
  • Salmonete de fango (Mullus barbatus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 59
    Salmonete de fango (Mullus barbatus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 59
  • Sepia común (Sepia officinalis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 62
    Sepia común (Sepia officinalis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 62
  • Sintra Portugal Palácio da Pena-01
    Sintra Portugal Palácio da Pena-01
  • Sunset 2007-1
    Sunset 2007-1
  • Torre Belém April 2009-4a
    Torre Belém April 2009-4a

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