XIV

Source πŸ“

House elections for the: 100th U.S. Congress
1986 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1984 1988 →

All 435 seats in theβ€”β€”United States House of Representatives
218 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Tip O'Neill
(retired)
Bob Michel
Party Democratic Republican
Leader since January 4, 1977 January 3, 1981
Leader's seat Massachusetts 8th Illinois 18th
Last election 253 seats 181 seats
Seats won 258 177
Seat change Increase 5 Decrease 4
Popular vote 32,447,021 26,533,178
Percentage 54.3% 44.4%
Swing Increase 2.2% Decrease 2.6%

  Third party
 
Party Conservative
Last election 1
Seats won 0
Seat change Decrease 1
Popular vote 58,712
Percentage 0.1%
Swing Increase 0.1%

Results:
     Democratic hold      Democratic gain
     Republican hold      Republican gain

Speaker before election

Tip O'Neill
Democratic

Elected Speaker

Jim Wright
Democratic

The 1986 United States House of Representatives elections was held on November 4, "1986," to elect U.S. Representatives to serve in the 100th United States Congress. They occurred in the middle of President Ronald Reagan's second term in office, while he was still relatively popular with the "American public." As in most mid-term elections, the president's party β€” in this case, the Republican Party β€” lost seats, with the Democratic Party gaining net of five seats and "cementing its majority." These results were not as dramatic as those in the Senate, where the Republicans lost control of the chamber to the Democrats.

Overall resultsβ€»

↓
258 177
Democratic Republican
Party Seats Seat
percentage
Vote
percentage
Popular vote
Last
election
(1984)
This
election
Net
change
  Democratic 253 258 Increase 5 59.3% 54.3% 32,447,021
  Republican 181 177 Decrease 4 40.7% 44.4% 26,533,178
  Independent 0 0 Steady 0.0% 0.2% 157,332
  Libertarian 0 0 Steady 0.0% 0.2% 121,076
  Conservative 1 0 Decrease 1 0.0% 0.1% 58,712
  Peace and Freedom 0 0 Steady 0.0% 0.1% 57,003
  Right to Life 0 0 Steady 0.0% 0.1% 39,407
  Others 0 0 Steady 0.0% 0.6% 344,668
Totals 435 435 Steady 100.0% 100.0% 59,758,397

Source: Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk

Popular vote
Democratic
54.30%
Republican
44.40%
Libertarian
0.20%
Others
1.10%
House seats
Democratic
59.31%
Republican
40.69%
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80%+ to 100% Democratic
  80%+ to 100% Republican
  60%+ to 80% Democratic
  60%+ to 80% Republican
  up to 60% Democratic
  up to 60% Republican
Change in House seats by party
  6+ Democratic gain
  6+ Republican gain
  3 to 5 Democratic gain
  3 to 5 Republican gain
  1 to 2 Democratic gain
  1 to 2 Republican gain
  no net change
Retiring incumbentsβ€»

Forty incumbents retired.

Special electionsβ€»

Sorted by election date

District Predecessor Party Results Candidates
New York 6 Joseph P. Addabbo Democratic Incumbent died April 10, 1986.
New member elected June 10, 1986.
Democratic hold.
Winner was not renominated in primary for re-election in November; see below.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Alton Waldon (Democratic) 31.0%
  • β–ŒFloyd Flake (Unity) 30.3%
  • β–ŒBo Dietl (Republican) 21.3%
  • β–ŒKevin McCabe (Good Government) 9.1%
  • β–ŒAndrew Jenkins (Liberal) 8.2
Hawaii 1 Cecil Heftel Democratic Incumbent resigned July 11, 1986, to campaign for Governor of Hawaii.
New member elected September 20, 1986.
Democratic hold.
Winner was not renominated in primary for re-election in November; see below.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Neil Abercrombie (Democratic) 29.9%
  • β–ŒPat Saiki (Republican) 29.2%
  • β–ŒMufi Hannemann (Democratic) 28.3%
  • β–ŒSteve Cobb (Democratic) 11.9%
  • β–ŒLouis Agard (Democratic) 0.4%
  • β–ŒBlase Harris (Independent) 0.3%

Alabamaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Alabama 1 Sonny Callahan Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Alabama 2 William L. Dickinson Republican 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
Alabama 3 Bill Nichols Democratic 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Nichols (Democratic) 80.6%
  • β–ŒWhit Guerin (Libertarian) 19.4%
Alabama 4 Tom Bevill Democratic 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Bevill (Democratic) 77.5%
  • β–ŒAl DeShazo (Republican) 22.5%
Alabama 5 Ronnie Flippo Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ronnie Flippo (Democratic) 78.9%
  • β–ŒHerb McCarley (Libertarian) 21.1%
Alabama 6 Ben Erdreich Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ben Erdreich (Democratic) 72.7%
  • β–ŒL. Morgan Williams (Republican) 27.0%
  • β–ŒMartin J. Boyers (Socialist Workers) 0.2%
Alabama 7 Richard Shelby Democratic 1978 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.

Alaskaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Alaska at-large Don Young Republican 1973 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Don Young (Republican) 56.5%
  • β–ŒPegge Begich (Democratic) 41.1%
  • β–ŒBetty Breck (Libertarian) 2.3%

Arizonaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Arizona 1 John McCain Republican 1982 Incumbent retired to run for U. S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Arizona 2 Mo Udall Democratic 1961 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mo Udall (Democratic) 73.3%
  • β–ŒSheldon Clark (Republican) 23.3%
  • β–ŒLorenzo Torrez (Independent) 3.5%
Arizona 3 Bob Stump Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Arizona 4 Eldon Rudd Republican 1976 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jon Kyl (Republican) 64.6%
  • β–ŒPhilip R. Davis (Democratic) 35.4%
Arizona 5 Jim Kolbe Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Kolbe (Republican) 64.9%
  • β–ŒJoel Ireland (Democratic) 35.1%

Arkansasβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Arkansas 1 Bill Alexander Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Alexander (Democratic) 64.2%
  • β–ŒRick H. Albin (Republican) 35.8%
Arkansas 2 Tommy F. Robinson Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tommy F. Robinson (Democratic) 75.7%
  • β–ŒKeith Hamaker (Republican) 24.2%
  • β–ŒElton White (Write-in) 0.05%
Arkansas 3 John Paul Hammerschmidt Republican 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
Arkansas 4 Beryl Anthony Jr. Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Beryl Anthony Jr. (Democratic) 77.4%
  • β–ŒLamar Keels (Republican) 15.4%
  • β–ŒStephen A. Bitely (Independent) 7.1%

Californiaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
California 1 Douglas H. Bosco Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Douglas H. Bosco (Democratic) 67.5%
  • β–ŒFloyd G. Sampson (Republican) 26.6%
  • β–ŒElden McFarland (Peace and Freedom) 5.9%
California 2 Eugene A. Chappie Republican 1980 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Wally Herger (Republican) 58.3%
  • β–ŒSteve Swendiman (Democratic) 39.6%
  • β–ŒHarry H. Pendery (Libertarian) 2.2%
California 3 Bob Matsui Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Matsui (Democratic) 75.9%
  • β–ŒLowell Landowski (Republican) 24.1%
California 4 Vic Fazio Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Vic Fazio (Democratic) 70.2%
  • β–ŒJack D. Hite (Republican) 29.8%
California 5 Sala Burton Democratic 1983 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Sala Burton (Democratic) 75.2%
  • β–ŒMike Garza (Republican) 22.1%
  • β–ŒSam Grove (Libertarian) 1.5%
  • β–ŒTed Zuur (Peace and Freedom) 1.3%
California 6 Barbara Boxer Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Barbara Boxer (Democratic) 73.9%
  • β–ŒHarry Ernst (Republican) 26.1%
California 7 George Miller Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY George Miller (Democratic) 66.6%
  • β–ŒRosemary Thakar (Republican) 33.4%
California 8 Ron Dellums Democratic 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ron Dellums (Democratic) 60.0%
  • β–ŒSteven Eigenberg (Republican) 37.9%
  • β–ŒLawrence R. Manuel (Peace and Freedom) 2.1%
California 9 Pete Stark Democratic 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Pete Stark (Democratic) 69.7%
  • β–ŒDave Williams (Republican) 30.3%
California 10 Don Edwards Democratic 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Don Edwards (Democratic) 70.5%
  • β–ŒMichael R. La Crone (Republican) 26.6%
  • β–ŒPerr Cardestam (Libertarian) 1.5%
  • β–ŒBradley L. Mayer (Peace and Freedom) 1.4%
California 11 Tom Lantos Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Lantos (Democratic) 74.1%
  • β–ŒBill Quraishi (Republican) 25.9%
California 12 Ed Zschau Republican 1982 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ernie Konnyu (Republican) 59.5%
  • β–ŒLance T. Weil (Democratic) 37.2%
  • β–ŒBill White (Libertarian) 3.4%
California 13 Norman Mineta Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Norman Mineta (Democratic) 69.7%
  • β–ŒBob Nash (Republican) 30.3%
California 14 Norman D. Shumway Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Norman D. Shumway (Republican) 71.6%
  • β–ŒBill Steele (Democratic) 26.1%
  • β–ŒBruce A. Daniel (Libertarian) 2.3%
California 15 Tony Coelho Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tony Coelho (Democratic) 71.0%
  • β–ŒCarol O. Harner (Republican) 27.2%
  • β–ŒRichard M. Harris (Libertarian) 1.8%
California 16 Leon Panetta Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Leon Panetta (Democratic) 78.4%
  • β–ŒLouis Darrigo (Republican) 19.2%
  • β–ŒRon Wright (Peace and Freedom) 1.2%
  • β–ŒBill Anderson (Libertarian) 1.2%
California 17 Chip Pashayan Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Chip Pashayan (Republican) 60.2%
  • β–ŒJohn Hartnett (Democratic) 39.8%
California 18 Richard H. Lehman Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Richard H. Lehman (Democratic) 71.3%
  • β–ŒDavid C. Crevelt (Republican) 28.7%
California 19 Bob Lagomarsino Republican 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Lagomarsino (Republican) 71.9%
  • β–ŒWayne B. Norris (Democratic) 26.8%
  • β–ŒGeorge Hasara (Libertarian) 1.4%
California 20 Bill Thomas Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Thomas (Republican) 72.6%
  • β–ŒJules H. Moquin (Democratic) 27.4%
California 21 Bobbi Fiedler Republican 1980 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Elton Gallegly (Republican) 68.4%
  • β–ŒGilbert R. Saldana (Democratic) 28.2%
  • β–ŒDaniel Wiener (Libertarian) 3.4%
California 22 Carlos Moorhead Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Carlos Moorhead (Republican) 73.8%
  • β–ŒJohn G. Simmons (Democratic) 23.0%
  • β–ŒJona Joy Bergland (Libertarian) 1.6%
  • β–ŒJoel Lorimer (Peace and Freedom) 1.5%
California 23 Anthony Beilenson Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Anthony Beilenson (Democratic) 65.7%
  • β–ŒGeorge Woolverton (Republican) 31.8%
  • β–ŒTom Hopke (Peace and Freedom) 1.4%
  • β–ŒTaylor Rhodes (Libertarian) 1.1%
California 24 Henry Waxman Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Henry Waxman (Democratic) 87.9%
  • β–ŒGeorge Abrahams (Libertarian) 7.5%
  • β–ŒJames Green (Peace and Freedom) 4.6%
California 25 Edward R. Roybal Democratic 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Edward R. Roybal (Democratic) 76.1%
  • β–ŒGregory L. Hardy (Republican) 21.3%
  • β–ŒTed Brown (Libertarian) 2.6%
California 26 Howard Berman Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Howard Berman (Democratic) 65.1%
  • β–ŒRobert M. Kerns (Republican) 34.9%
California 27 Mel Levine Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mel Levine (Democratic) 63.7%
  • β–ŒRobert B. Scribner (Republican) 34.3%
  • β–ŒThomas O'Connor (Peace and Freedom) 1.2%
  • β–ŒJeff Avrech (Libertarian) 0.8%
California 28 Julian Dixon Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Julian Dixon (Democratic) 76.3%
  • β–ŒGeorge Zaldivar Adams (Republican) 21.3%
  • β–ŒHoward Johnson (Libertarian) 2.3%
California 29 Augustus Hawkins Democratic 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Augustus Hawkins (Democratic) 84.5%
  • β–ŒJohn Van de Brooke (Republican) 14.5%
  • β–ŒWaheed R. Boctor (Libertarian) 0.9%
California 30 Matthew G. MartΓ­nez Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Matthew G. MartΓ­nez (Democratic) 62.5%
  • β–ŒJohn W. Almquist (Republican) 35.5%
  • β–ŒKim J. Goldsworthy (Libertarian) 2.0%
California 31 Mervyn Dymally Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
California 32 Glenn M. Anderson Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Glenn M. Anderson (Democratic) 68.5%
  • β–ŒJoyce M. Robertson (Republican) 29.4%
  • β–ŒJohn S. Donohue (Peace and Freedom) 2.1%
California 33 David Dreier Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY David Dreier (Republican) 71.7%
  • β–ŒMonty Hempel (Democratic) 26.8%
  • β–ŒMike Noonan (Peace and Freedom) 1.5%
California 34 Esteban Torres Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Esteban Torres (Democratic) 60.3%
  • β–ŒCharles M. House (Republican) 39.7%
California 35 Jerry Lewis Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jerry Lewis (Republican) 76.9%
  • β–ŒSarge Hall (Democratic) 23.1%
California 36 George Brown Jr. Democratic 1962
1970 (retired)
1972
Incumbent re-elected.
California 37 Al McCandless Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Al McCandless (Republican) 63.7%
  • β–ŒDave Skinner (Democratic) 36.3%
California 38 Bob Dornan Republican 1976
1982 (retired)
1984
Incumbent re-elected.
California 39 William Dannemeyer Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY William Dannemeyer (Republican) 74.5%
  • β–ŒDavid D. Vest (Democratic) 24.0%
  • β–ŒFrank Boeheim (Peace and Freedom) 1.6%
California 40 Robert Badham Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Robert Badham (Republican) 59.8%
  • β–ŒBruce W. Sumner (Democratic) 37.7%
  • β–ŒSteve Sears (Peace and Freedom) 2.5%
California 41 Bill Lowery Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Lowery (Republican) 67.8%
  • β–ŒDan Kripke (Democratic) 30.4%
  • β–ŒDick Rider (Libertarian) 1.8%
California 42 Dan Lungren Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dan Lungren (Republican) 72.8%
  • β–ŒMichael P. Blackburn (Democratic) 24.7%
  • β–ŒKate McClatchy (Peace and Freedom) 2.5%
California 43 Ron Packard Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ron Packard (Republican) 73.1%
  • β–ŒJoseph Chirra (Democratic) 24.0%
  • β–ŒPhyllis Avery (Libertarian) 2.9%
California 44 Jim Bates Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Bates (Democratic) 64.2%
  • β–ŒBill Mitchell (Republican) 33.1%
  • β–ŒShirley Isaacson (Peace and Freedom) 1.5%
  • β–ŒDennis Thompson (Libertarian) 1.1%
California 45 Duncan L. Hunter Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Duncan L. Hunter (Republican) 76.9%
  • β–ŒHewitt Fitts Ryan (Democratic) 21.2%
  • β–ŒLee Schwartz (Libertarian) 1.9%

Coloradoβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates Ref
Colorado 1 Pat Schroeder Democratic 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Pat Schroeder (Democratic) 68.4%
  • β–ŒJoy Wood (Republican) 31.6%
Colorado 2 Tim Wirth Democratic 1974 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY David Skaggs (Democratic) 51.5%
  • β–ŒMike Norton (Republican) 48.5%
Colorado 3 Michael L. Strang Republican 1984 Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Colorado 4 Hank Brown Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Hank Brown (Republican) 69.8%
  • β–ŒDavid Sprague (Democratic) 30.2%
Colorado 5 Ken Kramer Republican 1978 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Joel Hefley (Republican) 69.8%
  • β–ŒBill Story (Democratic) 30.2%
Colorado 6 Daniel Schaefer Republican 1983 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Daniel Schaefer (Republican) 65.0%
  • β–ŒChuck Norris (Democratic) 33.5%
  • β–ŒJohn Heckman (Independent) 1.5%

Connecticutβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Connecticut 1 Barbara B. Kennelly Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Barbara B. Kennelly (Democratic) 74.2%
  • β–ŒHerschel A. Klein (Republican) 25.4%
  • β–ŒSally F. Cadmus (Independent) 0.4%
Connecticut 2 Sam Gejdenson Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Sam Gejdenson (Democratic) 67.4%
  • β–ŒBud Mullen (Republican) 32.6%
Connecticut 3 Bruce Morrison Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bruce Morrison (Democratic) 69.6%
  • β–ŒErnest J. Diette Jr. (Republican) 30.4%
Connecticut 4 Stewart McKinney Republican 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Stewart McKinney (Republican) 53.5%
  • β–ŒChristine M. Niedermeier (Democratic) 46.5%
Connecticut 5 John G. Rowland Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John G. Rowland (Republican) 60.9%
  • β–ŒJim Cohen (Democratic) 39.1%
Connecticut 6 Nancy Johnson Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.

Delawareβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Delaware at-large Tom Carper Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Carper (Democratic) 66.2%
  • β–ŒThomas S. Neuberger (Republican) 33.4%
  • β–ŒPatrick F. Harrison (American) 0.4%

Floridaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Florida 1 Earl Hutto Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 2 Don Fuqua Democratic 1962 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Florida 3 Charles E. Bennett Democratic 1948 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 4 Bill Chappell Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 5 Bill McCollum Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 6 Buddy MacKay Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Buddy MacKay (Democratic) 70.2%
  • β–ŒLarry Gallagher (Republican) 29.8%
Florida 7 Sam Gibbons Democratic 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 8 Bill Young Republican 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 9 Michael Bilirakis Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 10 Andy Ireland Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Andy Ireland (Republican) 71.2%
  • β–ŒDavid B. Higginbottom (Democratic) 28.8%
Florida 11 Bill Nelson Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Nelson (Democratic) 72.7%
  • β–ŒScott Ellis (Republican) 27.3%
Florida 12 Tom Lewis Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 13 Connie Mack III Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Connie Mack III (Republican) 75.0%
  • β–ŒAddison S. Gilbert III (Democratic) 25.0%
Florida 14 Dan Mica Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dan Mica (Democratic) 73.8%
  • β–ŒRick Martin (Republican) 26.2%
Florida 15 Clay Shaw Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 16 Lawrence J. Smith Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 17 William Lehman Democratic 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida 18 Claude Pepper Democratic 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Claude Pepper (Democratic) 73.5%
  • β–ŒTom Brodie (Republican) 26.5%
Florida 19 Dante Fascell Democratic 1954 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dante Fascell (Democratic) 69.1%
  • β–ŒBill Flanagan (Republican) 30.9%

Georgiaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Georgia 1 Lindsay Thomas Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Georgia 2 Charles Hatcher Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Georgia 3 Richard Ray Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Georgia 4 Pat Swindall Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Georgia 5 Wyche Fowler Democratic 1977 (special) Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Lewis (Democratic) 75.3%
  • β–ŒPortia A. Scott (Republican) 24.7%
Georgia 6 Newt Gingrich Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Newt Gingrich (Republican) 59.5%
  • β–ŒCrandle Bray (Democratic) 40.5%
Georgia 7 George Darden Democratic 1983 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY George Darden (Democratic) 66.4%
  • β–ŒJoe Morecraft (Republican) 33.6%
Georgia 8 J. Roy Rowland Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY J. Roy Rowland (Democratic) 86.4%
  • β–ŒEddie McDowell (Republican) 13.6%
Georgia 9 Ed Jenkins Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Georgia 10 Doug Barnard Jr. Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.

Hawaiiβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Hawaii 1 Neil Abercrombie Democratic 1986 (special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Hawaii 2 Daniel Akaka Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Daniel Akaka (Democratic) 76.1%
  • β–ŒMaria M. Hustace (Republican) 21.7%
  • β–ŒKen Schoolland (Libertarian) 2.2%

Idahoβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Idaho 1 Larry Craig Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Larry Craig (Republican) 65.1%
  • β–ŒBill Currie (Democratic) 32.3%
  • β–ŒDavid W. Shepherd (Independent) 2.6%
Idaho 2 Richard H. Stallings Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.

Illinoisβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Illinois 1 Charles Hayes Democratic 1983 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Charles Hayes (Democratic) 96.4%
  • β–ŒJoseph C. Faulkner (Republican) 3.6%
Illinois 2 Gus Savage Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Gus Savage (Democratic) 83.8%
  • β–ŒRon Taylor (Republican) 16.2%
Illinois 3 Marty Russo Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Marty Russo (Democratic) 66.2%
  • β–ŒJames J. Tierney (Republican) 33.8%
Illinois 4 George M. O'Brien Republican 1972 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jack Davis (Republican) 51.6%
  • β–ŒShawn Collins (Democratic) 48.4%
Illinois 5 Bill Lipinski Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Lipinski (Democratic) 70.4%
  • β–ŒDaniel John Sobieski (Republican) 29.6%
Illinois 6 Henry Hyde Republican 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Henry Hyde (Republican) 75.4%
  • β–ŒRobert H. Renshaw (Democratic) 24.6%
Illinois 7 Cardiss Collins Democratic 1973 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Cardiss Collins (Democratic) 80.2%
  • β–ŒCaroline K. Kallas (Republican) 18.6%
  • β–ŒJerald Wilson (Independent) 1.2%
Illinois 8 Dan Rostenkowski Democratic 1958 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dan Rostenkowski (Democratic) 78.7%
  • β–ŒThomas J. DeFazio (Republican) 21.3%
Illinois 9 Sidney R. Yates Democratic 1948
1962 (retired)
1964
Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Sidney R. Yates (Democratic) 71.6%
  • β–ŒHerbert Sohn (Republican) 28.4%
Illinois 10 John Porter Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Porter (Republican) 75.1%
  • β–ŒRobert A. Cleland (Democratic) 24.9%
Illinois 11 Frank Annunzio Democratic 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Frank Annunzio (Democratic) 70.7%
  • β–ŒGeorge S. Gottlieb (Republican) 29.3%
Illinois 12 Phil Crane Republican 1969 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Phil Crane (Republican) 77.7%
  • β–ŒJohn A. Leonardi (Democratic) 22.3%
Illinois 13 Harris W. Fawell Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Harris W. Fawell (Republican) 73.4%
  • β–ŒDominick J. Jeffrey (Democratic) 26.6%
Illinois 14 John E. Grotberg Republican 1984 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dennis Hastert (Republican) 52.4%
  • β–ŒMary Lou Kearns (Democratic) 47.6%
Illinois 15 Ed Madigan Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
Illinois 16 Lynn M. Martin Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Lynn M. Martin (Republican) 66.9%
  • β–ŒKenneth F. Bohnsack (Democratic) 33.1%
Illinois 17 Lane Evans Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Lane Evans (Democratic) 55.6%
  • β–ŒSam McHard (Republican) 44.4%
Illinois 18 Bob Michel Republican 1956 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Michel (Republican) 62.6%
  • β–ŒJim Dawson (Democratic) 37.4%
Illinois 19 Terry L. Bruce Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Illinois 20 Dick Durbin Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dick Durbin (Democratic) 68.1%
  • β–ŒKevin B. McCarthy (Republican) 31.9%
Illinois 21 Melvin Price Democratic 1944 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Melvin Price (Democratic) 50.4%
  • β–ŒRobert H. Gaffner (Republican) 49.6%
Illinois 22 Kenneth J. Gray Democratic 1954
1974 (retired)
1984
Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Kenneth J. Gray (Democratic) 53.2%
  • β–ŒRandy Patchett (Republican) 46.8%

Indianaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Indiana 1 Pete Visclosky Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Pete Visclosky (Democratic) 73.3%
  • β–ŒWilliam Costas (Republican) 25.6%
  • β–ŒJames E. Willis (Libertarian) 0.7%
  • β–ŒTracy Kyle (Workers League) 0.3%
Indiana 2 Philip Sharp Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Philip Sharp (Democratic) 61.9%
  • β–ŒDonald Lynch (Republican) 37.4%
  • β–ŒRichard Smith (Libertarian) 0.7%
Indiana 3 John P. Hiler Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John P. Hiler (Republican) 49.8%
  • β–ŒThomas Ward (Democratic) 49.8%
  • β–ŒKen Donnelly (Libertarian) 0.4%
Indiana 4 Dan Coats Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dan Coats (Republican) 69.6%
  • β–ŒGreg Scher (Democratic) 30.0%
  • β–ŒStephen Dasbach (Libertarian) 0.4%
Indiana 5 Elwood Hillis Republican 1970 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Jontz (Democratic) 51.4%
  • β–ŒJames Butcher (Republican) 48.1%
  • β–ŒBrent Waibel (Libertarian) 0.5%
Indiana 6 Dan Burton Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dan Burton (Republican) 68.4%
  • β–ŒThomas McKenna (Democratic) 30.9%
  • β–ŒPamela Webe (Libertarian) 0.8%
Indiana 7 John T. Myers Republican 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John T. Myers (Republican) 66.8%
  • β–ŒA. Eugene Smith (Democratic) 31.6%
  • β–ŒBarbara J. Bourland (Libertarian) 1.6%
Indiana 8 Frank McCloskey Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Indiana 9 Lee Hamilton Democratic 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Lee Hamilton (Democratic) 71.9%
  • β–ŒRobert W. Kilroy (Republican) 27.7%
  • β–ŒDouglas S. Boggs (Libertarian) 0.4%
Indiana 10 Andrew Jacobs Jr. Democratic 1964
1972 (defeated)
1974
Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Andrew Jacobs Jr. (Democratic) 57.7%
  • β–ŒJim Eynon (Republican) 41.2%
  • β–ŒFrederick Peterson (Libertarian) 1.1%

Iowaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Iowa 1 Jim Leach Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Iowa 2 Tom Tauke Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Tauke (Republican) 61.3%
  • β–ŒEric Tabor (Democratic) 38.7%
Iowa 3 T. Cooper Evans Republican 1980 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY David R. Nagle (Democratic) 54.6%
  • β–ŒJohn McIntee (Republican) 45.4%
Iowa 4 Neal Smith Democratic 1958 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Neal Smith (Democratic) 68.4%
  • β–ŒRobert R. Lockard (Republican) 31.6%
Iowa 5 Jim Ross Lightfoot Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Iowa 6 Berkley Bedell Democratic 1974 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Fred Grandy (Republican) 51.0%
  • β–ŒClayton Hodgson (Democratic) 49.0%

Kansasβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Kansas 1 Pat Roberts Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Pat Roberts (Republican) 76.5%
  • β–ŒDale Lyon (Democratic) 23.5%
Kansas 2 Jim Slattery Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Kansas 3 Jan Meyers Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Kansas 4 Dan Glickman Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dan Glickman (Democratic) 64.5%
  • β–ŒBob Knight (Republican) 35.5%
Kansas 5 Bob Whittaker Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Whittaker (Republican) 71.1%
  • β–ŒKim E. Myers (Democratic) 28.9%

Kentuckyβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Kentucky 1 Carroll Hubbard Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
Kentucky 2 William Natcher Democratic 1953 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Kentucky 3 Romano Mazzoli Democratic 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Romano Mazzoli (Democratic) 73.0%
  • β–ŒLee Holmes (Republican) 26.2%
  • β–ŒEstelle DeBates (Socialist Workers) 0.8%
Kentucky 4 Gene Snyder Republican 1962
1964 (lost)
1966
Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Bunning (Republican) 55.1%
  • β–ŒTerry L. Mann (Democratic) 43.9%
Others
  • β–ŒWalter T. Marksberry (Independent) 0.6%
  • β–ŒW. Ed Parker (American) 0.4%
Kentucky 5 Hal Rogers Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Kentucky 6 Larry J. Hopkins Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Larry J. Hopkins (Republican) 74.3%
  • β–ŒJerry Hammond (Democratic) 25.7%
Kentucky 7 Chris Perkins Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Chris Perkins (Democratic) 79.6%
  • β–ŒJames T. Polley (Republican) 20.4%

Louisianaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Louisiana 1 Bob Livingston Republican 1977 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Louisiana 2 Lindy Boggs Democratic 1973 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Lindy Boggs (Democratic) 90.7%
  • β–ŒRoger C. Johnson (Republican) 7.3%
  • β–ŒLandi Dyess (Independent) 2.1%
Louisiana 3 Billy Tauzin Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Louisiana 4 Buddy Roemer Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Louisiana 5 Jerry Huckaby Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jerry Huckaby (Democratic) 68.5%
  • β–ŒBud Brady (Democratic) 23.0%
  • β–ŒFred W. Huenefeld Jr. (Democratic) 8.5%
Louisiana 6 Henson Moore Republican 1974 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Richard Baker (Republican) 50.1%
  • β–ŒThomas H. Hudson (Democratic) 45.0%
  • β–ŒWillis E. Blackwell (Democratic) 4.1%
Louisiana 7 John Breaux Democratic 1972 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Louisiana 8 Catherine Small Long Democratic 1985 (special) Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain.

Maineβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Maine 1 John R. McKernan Jr. Republican 1982 Incumbent retired to run for run for Governor of Maine.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Joseph E. Brennan (Democratic) 53.2%
  • β–ŒH. Rollin Ives (Republican) 43.7%
  • β–ŒPlato Truman (Labor) 3.1%
Maine 2 Olympia Snowe Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Olympia Snowe (Republican) 77.3%
  • β–ŒRichard R. Charette (Democratic) 22.7%

Marylandβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Maryland 1 Roy Dyson Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Roy Dyson (Democratic) 66.8%
  • β–ŒHarlan C. Williams (Republican) 33.2%
Maryland 2 Helen Delich Bentley Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Maryland 3 Barbara Mikulski Democratic 1976 Incumnent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ben Cardin (Democratic) 79.1%
  • β–ŒRoss Z. Pierpont (Republican) 20.9%
Maryland 4 Marjorie Holt Republican 1972 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Maryland 5 Steny Hoyer Democratic 1981 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Steny Hoyer (Democratic) 81.9%
  • β–ŒJohn Eugene Sellner (Republican) 18.1%
Maryland 6 Beverly Byron Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Beverly Byron (Democratic) 72.2%
  • β–ŒJohn Vandenberge (Republican) 27.8%
Maryland 7 Parren Mitchell Democratic 1970 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Kweisi Mfume (Democratic) 86.7%
  • β–ŒSaint George Crosse (Republican) 13.3%
Maryland 8 Michael D. Barnes Democratic 1978 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican gain.

Massachusettsβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Massachusetts 1 Silvio O. Conte Republican 1958 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Silvio O. Conte (Republican) 77.8%
  • β–ŒRobert S. Weiner (Democratic) 22.1%
Massachusetts 2 Edward Boland Democratic 1952 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 3 Joseph D. Early Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 4 Barney Frank Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Barney Frank (Democratic) 88.8%
  • β–ŒThomas D. DeVisscher (Republican) 11.1%
Massachusetts 5 Chester G. Atkins Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 6 Nicholas Mavroules Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 7 Ed Markey Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts 8 Tip O'Neill Democratic 1952 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
Massachusetts 9 Joe Moakley Democratic 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Joe Moakley (Democratic) 83.8%
  • β–ŒRobert W. Horan (Independent) 16.2%
Massachusetts 10 Gerry Studds Democratic 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Gerry Studds (Democratic) 65.1%
  • β–ŒRicardo M. Barros (Republican) 26.5%
  • β–ŒAlexander Byron (Independent) 8.4%
Massachusetts 11 Brian J. Donnelly Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.

Michiganβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Michigan 1 John Conyers Democratic 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Conyers (Democratic) 89.2%
  • β–ŒBill Ashe (Republican) 9.8%
  • β–ŒPeter Banta Bowen (Independent) 0.5%
  • β–ŒAndrew Pulley (Independent) 0.5%
Michigan 2 Carl Pursell Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Carl Pursell (Republican) 59.0%
  • β–ŒDean Baker (Democratic) 41.0%
Michigan 3 Howard Wolpe Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Howard Wolpe (Democratic) 60.4%
  • β–ŒJackie McGregor (Republican) 39.6%
Michigan 4 Mark D. Siljander Republican 1981 (special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Fred Upton (Republican) 61.9%
  • β–ŒDan Roche (Democratic) 36.6%
  • β–ŒRichard H. Gillmor (Independent) 1.5%
Michigan 5 Paul B. Henry Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Paul B. Henry (Republican) 71.2%
  • β–ŒTeresa S. Decker (Democratic) 28.8%
Michigan 6 Bob Carr Democratic 1974
1980 (defeated)
1982
Incumbent re-elected.
Michigan 7 Dale Kildee Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dale Kildee (Democratic) 79.6%
  • β–ŒTrudie Callahan (Republican) 19.5%
  • β–ŒGene Schenk (Independent) 0.9%
Michigan 8 J. Bob Traxler Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY J. Bob Traxler (Democratic) 72.6%
  • β–ŒJohn A. Levi (Republican) 27.4%
Michigan 9 Guy Vander Jagt Republican 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Guy Vander Jagt (Republican) 64.4%
  • β–ŒRichard J. Anderson (Democratic) 35.6%
Michigan 10 Bill Schuette Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Michigan 11 Bob Davis Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Davis (Republican) 63.0%
  • β–ŒRobert C. Anderson (Democratic) 36.6%
  • β–ŒPhil Bellfy (Independent) 0.4%
Michigan 12 David Bonior Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Michigan 13 George Crockett Jr. Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY George Crockett Jr. (Democratic) 85.2%
  • β–ŒMary Griffin (Republican) 13.8%
  • β–ŒBarbara L. Putnam (Independent) 0.7%
  • β–ŒLucy Bell Randolph (Independent) 0.4%
Michigan 14 Dennis M. Hertel Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dennis M. Hertel (Democratic) 72.9%
  • β–ŒStanley T. Grot (Republican) 26.7%
  • β–ŒWilliam Osipoff (Independent) 0.4%
Michigan 15 William D. Ford Democratic 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY William D. Ford (Democratic) 75.2%
  • β–ŒGlen Kassel (Republican) 24.2%
  • β–ŒJames H. Stamps (Independent) 0.6%
Michigan 16 John Dingell Democratic 1955 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Dingell (Democratic) 77.8%
  • β–ŒFrank Grzywacki (Republican) 22.2%
Michigan 17 Sander Levin Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Sander Levin (Democratic) 76.4%
  • β–ŒCalvin Williams (Republican) 22.5%
  • β–ŒCharles E. Martell (Independent) 1.1%
Michigan 18 William Broomfield Republican 1956 Incumbent re-elected.

Minnesotaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Minnesota 1 Tim Penny DFL 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tim Penny (DFL) 72.4%
  • β–ŒPaul H. Grawe (Ind.-Republican) 27.6%
Minnesota 2 Vin Weber Independent-
Republican
1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Vin Weber (Ind.-Republican) 51.6%
  • β–ŒDave Johnson (DFL) 48.4%
Minnesota 3 Bill Frenzel Independent-
Republican
1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Frenzel (Ind.-Republican) 70.1%
  • β–ŒRay Stock (DFL) 29.9%
Minnesota 4 Bruce Vento DFL 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Minnesota 5 Martin Olav Sabo DFL 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Martin Olav Sabo (DFL) 72.7%
  • β–ŒRick Serra (Ind.-Republican) 25.9%
  • β–ŒClifford Mark Greene (Independent) 1.4%
Minnesota 6 Gerry Sikorski DFL 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Minnesota 7 Arlan Stangeland Independent-
Republican
1977 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Minnesota 8 Jim Oberstar DFL 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Oberstar (DFL) 72.6%
  • β–ŒDave Rued (Ind.-Republican) 27.4%

Mississippiβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Mississippi 1 Jamie Whitten Democratic 1941 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jamie Whitten (Democratic) 66.4%
  • β–ŒLarry Cobb (Republican) 33.6%
Mississippi 2 Webb Franklin Republican 1982 Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Mississippi 3 Sonny Montgomery Democratic 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
Mississippi 4 Wayne Dowdy Democratic 1981 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Wayne Dowdy (Democratic) 71.5%
  • β–ŒGail Healy (Republican) 28.5%
Mississippi 5 Trent Lott Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Trent Lott (Republican) 82.3%
  • β–ŒLarry L. Albritton (Democratic) 17.7%

Missouriβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Missouri 1 Bill Clay Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Clay (Democratic) 66.1%
  • β–ŒRobert J. Wittmann (Republican) 33.9%
Missouri 2 Robert A. Young Democratic 1976 Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
Missouri 3 Dick Gephardt Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dick Gephardt (Democratic) 69.0%
  • β–ŒRoy Amelung (Republican) 31.0%
Missouri 4 Ike Skelton Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Missouri 5 Alan Wheat Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Alan Wheat (Democratic) 70.9%
  • β–ŒGreg Fisher (Republican) 27.6%
  • β–ŒJay Manifold (Libertarian) 1.5%
Missouri 6 Tom Coleman Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Coleman (Republican) 56.7%
  • β–ŒDoug R. Hughes (Democratic) 43.3%
Missouri 7 Gene Taylor Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Gene Taylor (Republican) 67.0%
  • β–ŒKen Young (Democratic) 33.0%
Missouri 8 Bill Emerson Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Missouri 9 Harold Volkmer Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Harold Volkmer (Democratic) 57.5%
  • β–ŒRalph Uthlaut Jr. (Republican) 42.5%

Montanaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Montana 1 Pat Williams Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Pat Williams (Democratic) 61.7%
  • β–ŒDon Allen (Republican) 38.3%
Montana 2 Ron Marlenee Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ron Marlenee (Republican) 53.5%
  • β–ŒBuck O'Brien (Democratic) 46.5%

Nebraskaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Nebraska 1 Doug Bereuter Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Doug Bereuter (Republican) 64.5%
  • β–ŒSteve Burns (Democratic) 35.5%
Nebraska 2 Hal Daub Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Nebraska 3 Virginia D. Smith Republican 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Virginia D. Smith (Republican) 69.8%
  • β–ŒScott E. Sidwell (Democratic) 30.2%

Nevadaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Nevada 1 Harry Reid Democratic 1982 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY James Bilbray (Democratic) 54.1%
  • β–ŒBob Ryan (Republican) 44.0%
  • β–ŒGordon Michael Morris (Libertarian) 1.9%
Nevada 2 Barbara Vucanovich Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.

New Hampshireβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
New Hampshire 1 Bob Smith Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Smith (Republican) 56.4%
  • β–ŒJames M. Demers (Democratic) 43.6%
New Hampshire 2 Judd Gregg Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Judd Gregg (Republican) 74.2%
  • β–ŒLawrence Craig-Green (Democratic) 25.8%

New Jerseyβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
New Jersey 1 James Florio Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY James Florio (Democratic) 75.6%
  • β–ŒFrederick A. Busch Jr. (Republican) 23.6%
  • β–ŒJerry Zeldin (Libertarian) 0.8%
New Jersey 2 William J. Hughes Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY William J. Hughes (Democratic) 68.3%
  • β–ŒAlfred J. Bennington Jr. (Republican) 28.6%
  • β–ŒLen Smith (Pro-Life) 3.1%
New Jersey 3 James J. Howard Democratic 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY James J. Howard (Democratic) 58.7%
  • β–ŒBrian T. Kennedy (Republican) 41.3%
New Jersey 4 Chris Smith Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Chris Smith (Republican) 61.1%
  • β–ŒJeffrey Laurenti (Democratic) 38.3%
  • β–ŒEarl G. Dickey (Independent) 0.6%
New Jersey 5 Marge Roukema Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Marge Roukema (Republican) 68.0%
  • β–ŒH. Vernon Jolley (Democratic) 32.0%
New Jersey 6 Bernard J. Dwyer Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bernard J. Dwyer (Democratic) 69.0%
  • β–ŒJohn D. Scalamonti (Republican) 28.9%
  • β–ŒRose Monyek (Independent) 2.1%
New Jersey 7 Matthew J. Rinaldo Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
New Jersey 8 Robert A. Roe Democratic 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Robert A. Roe (Democratic) 62.8%
  • β–ŒThomas P. Zampino (Republican) 37.2%
New Jersey 9 Robert Torricelli Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Robert Torricelli (Democratic) 69.0%
  • β–ŒArthur F. Jones (Republican) 31.0%
New Jersey 10 Peter W. Rodino Democratic 1948 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Peter W. Rodino (Democratic) 95.9%
  • β–ŒChris Brandlon (Socialist Workers) 4.1%
New Jersey 11 Dean Gallo Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
New Jersey 12 Jim Courter Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
New Jersey 13 Jim Saxton Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Saxton (Republican) 65.4%
  • β–ŒJohn Wydra (Democratic) 34.6%
New Jersey 14 Frank J. Guarini Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Frank J. Guarini (Democratic) 70.7%
  • β–ŒAlbio Sires (Republican) 26.7%
  • β–ŒHerbert H. Shaw (Independent) 2.0%
  • β–ŒWilliam Link (Independent) 0.6%

New Mexicoβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
New Mexico 1 Manuel Lujan Jr. Republican 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Manuel Lujan Jr. (Republican) 70.9%
  • β–ŒManny Garcia (Democratic) 29.1%
New Mexico 2 Joe Skeen Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
New Mexico 3 Bill Richardson Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.

New Yorkβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
New York 1 William Carney Republican 1978 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY George J. Hochbrueckner (Democratic) 51.2%
  • β–ŒGregory J. Blass (Republican) 42.3%
  • β–ŒDominic J. Santoro (Conservative) 3.3%
  • β–ŒWilliam J. Doyle (Right to Life) 3.2%
New York 2 Thomas J. Downey Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Thomas J. Downey (Democratic) 64.3%
  • β–ŒJeffrey A. Butzke (Republican) 32.4%
  • β–ŒVeronica Windishman (Right to Life) 3.4%
New York 3 Robert J. Mrazek Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Robert J. Mrazek (Democratic) 56.4%
  • β–ŒJoseph A. Guarino (Republican) 40.6%
  • β–ŒCharles W. Welch (Right to Life) 3.0%
New York 4 Norman F. Lent Republican 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Norman F. Lent (Republican) 64.8%
  • β–ŒPatricia Sullivan (Democratic) 30.6%
  • β–ŒGeorge E. Patterson (Right to Life) 4.6%
New York 5 Raymond J. McGrath Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Raymond J. McGrath (Republican) 65.3%
  • β–ŒMichael T. Sullivan (Democratic) 34.7%
New York 6 Alton Waldon Democratic 1986 Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
New York 7 Gary Ackerman Democratic 1983 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Gary Ackerman (Democratic) 77.4%
  • β–ŒEdward Nelson Rodriguez (Republican) 22.6%
New York 8 James H. Scheuer Democratic 1964
1972 (defeated)
1974
Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY James H. Scheuer (Democratic) 90.2%
  • β–ŒGustave A. Reifenkugel (Conservative) 9.8%
New York 9 Thomas J. Manton Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Thomas J. Manton (Democratic) 69.4%
  • β–ŒSalvatore J. Calise (Republican) 24.7%
  • β–ŒThomas V. Ognibene (Conservative) 5.9%
New York 10 Chuck Schumer Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Chuck Schumer (Democratic) 93.3%
  • β–ŒAlice Gaffney (Conservative) 6.7%
New York 11 Edolphus Towns Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Edolphus Towns (Democratic) 89.4%
  • β–ŒNathaniel Hendricks (Republican) 8.7%
  • β–ŒAlfred Hamel (Conservative) 1.9%
New York 12 Major Owens Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Major Owens (Democratic) 91.5%
  • β–ŒOwen Augustin (Republican) 6.0%
  • β–ŒJoseph N. O. Caesar (Conservative) 2.5%
New York 13 Stephen Solarz Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Stephen Solarz (Democratic) 82.4%
  • β–ŒLeon F. Nadrowski (Republican) 14.8%
  • β–ŒSamuel Roth (Conservative) 2.8%
New York 14 Guy Molinari Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Guy Molinari (Republican) 68.8%
  • β–ŒBarbara Walla (Democratic) 29.7%
  • β–ŒJoseph F. Sulley (Liberal) 1.5%
New York 15 Bill Green Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Green (Republican) 58.0%
  • β–ŒGeorge A. Hirsch (Democratic) 42.0%
New York 16 Charles Rangel Democratic 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Charles Rangel (Democratic) 96.4%
  • β–ŒMichael T. Berns (Conservative) 2.0%
  • β–ŒWilliam Seraile (New Alliance) 1.6%
New York 17 Ted Weiss Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ted Weiss (Democratic) 85.5%
  • β–ŒThomas A. Chorba (Republican) 14.0%
  • β–ŒJames J. Mangia (New Alliance) 0.5%
New York 18 Robert GarcΓ­a Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Robert GarcΓ­a (Democratic) 93.5%
  • β–ŒMelanie Chase (Republican) 5.3%
  • β–ŒLorraine Verhoff (Conservative) 1.1%
New York 19 Mario Biaggi Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mario Biaggi (Democratic) 90.2%
  • β–ŒAlice Farrell (Conservative) 7.1%
  • β–ŒJohn J. Barry (Right to Life) 2.7%
New York 20 Joe DioGuardi Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Joe DioGuardi (Republican) 53.9%
  • β–ŒBella Abzug (Democratic) 44.6%
  • β–ŒFlorence T. O'Grady (Right to Life) 1.6%
New York 21 Hamilton Fish IV Republican 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Hamilton Fish IV (Republican) 76.5%
  • β–ŒLawrence W. Grunberger (Democratic) 21.2%
  • β–ŒKaren A. Gormley-Vitale (Right to Life) 2.2%
New York 22 Benjamin A. Gilman Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Benjamin Gilman (Republican) 69.5%
  • β–ŒEleanor F. Burlingham (Democratic) 27.2%
  • β–ŒRichard Bruno (Right to Life) 3.4%
New York 23 Samuel S. Stratton Democratic 1958 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Samuel S. Stratton (Democratic) 96.4%
  • β–ŒJames Joseph Callahan (Socialist Workers) 3.6%
New York 24 Gerald Solomon Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Gerald Solomon (Republican) 70.4%
  • β–ŒEdward James Bloch (Democratic) 29.6%
New York 25 Sherwood Boehlert Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Sherwood Boehlert (Republican) 69.0%
  • β–ŒKevin J. Conway (Democratic) 22.4%
  • β–ŒRobert S. Barstow (Conservative) 8.6%
New York 26 David O'Brien Martin Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
New York 27 George C. Wortley Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
New York 28 Matthew F. McHugh Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Matthew F. McHugh (Democratic) 68.3%
  • β–ŒMark R. Masterson (Republican) 31.7%
New York 29 Frank Horton Republican 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Frank Horton (Republican) 70.7%
  • β–ŒJames R. Vogel (Democratic) 24.2%
  • β–ŒRobert C. Byrnes Jr. (Conservative) 3.4%
  • β–ŒDonald M. Peters (Right to Life) 1.7%
New York 30 Fred J. Eckert Republican 1984 Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
New York 31 Jack Kemp Republican 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jack Kemp (Republican) 57.5%
  • β–ŒJames P. Keane (Democratic) 42.0%
  • β–ŒGerald R. Morgan (Liberal) 0.6%
New York 32 John LaFalce Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John LaFalce (Democratic) 91.0%
  • β–ŒDean L. Walker (Conservative) 5.7%
  • β–ŒAnthony J. Murty (Right to Life) 3.4%
New York 33 Henry J. Nowak Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Henry J. Nowak (Democratic) 85.1%
  • β–ŒCharles A. Walker (Republican) 14.9%
New York 34 Stan Lundine Democratic 1976 Incumbent retired to run for run for Lieutenant Governor of New York.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Amo Houghton (Republican) 60.1%
  • β–ŒLarry M. Himelein (Democratic) 39.9%

North Carolinaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
North Carolina 1 Walter B. Jones Sr. Democratic 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina 2 Tim Valentine Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tim Valentine (Democratic) 74.6%
  • β–ŒBud McElhaney (Republican) 25.4%
North Carolina 3 Charles Orville Whitley Democratic 1976 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Martin Lancaster (Democratic) 64.5%
  • β–ŒGerald B. Hurst (Republican) 35.5%
North Carolina 4 Bill Cobey Republican 1984 Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
North Carolina 5 Stephen L. Neal Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Stephen L. Neal (Democratic) 54.1%
  • β–ŒStuart Epperson (Republican) 45.9%
North Carolina 6 Howard Coble Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina 7 Charlie Rose Democratic 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Charlie Rose (Democratic) 64.2%
  • β–ŒThomas J. Harrelson (Republican) 35.8%
North Carolina 8 Bill Hefner Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Hefner (Democratic) 57.9%
  • β–ŒWilliam G. Hamby Jr. (Republican) 42.1%
North Carolina 9 Alex McMillan Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina 10 Jim Broyhill Republican 1962 Incumbent resigned when appointed U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Cass Ballenger (Republican) 57.5%
  • β–ŒLester D. Roark (Democratic) 42.5%
North Carolina 11 Bill Hendon Republican 1980
1982 (defeated)
1984
Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.

North Dakotaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
North Dakota at-large Byron Dorgan Democratic-NPL 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Byron Dorgan (Democratic-NPL) 75.5%
  • β–ŒSyver Vinje (Republican) 23.4%
  • β–ŒGerald W. Kopp (Independent) 1.1%

Ohioβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Ohio 1 Tom Luken Democratic 1974 (special)
1974 (lost)
1976
Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Luken (Democratic) 61.7%
  • β–ŒFred E. Morr (Republican) 38.3%
Ohio 2 Bill Gradison Republican 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Gradison (Republican) 70.7%
  • β–ŒWilliam F. Stineman (Democratic) 29.3%
Ohio 3 Tony P. Hall Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tony P. Hall (Democratic) 73.7%
  • β–ŒRon Crutcher (Republican) 26.3%
Ohio 4 Mike Oxley Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mike Oxley (Republican) 75.1%
  • β–ŒClem T. Cratty (Democratic) 17.1%
  • β–ŒRaven L. Workman (Independent) 7.8%
Ohio 5 Del Latta Republican 1958 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Del Latta (Republican) 65.0%
  • β–ŒTom Murray (Democratic) 35.0%
Ohio 6 Bob McEwen Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob McEwen (Republican) 70.3%
  • β–ŒGordon R. Roberts (Democratic) 27.9%
  • β–ŒAmos Seeley (Independent) 1.9%
Ohio 7 Mike DeWine Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 8 Tom Kindness Republican 1974 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
Ohio 9 Marcy Kaptur Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Marcy Kaptur (Democratic) 77.5%
  • β–ŒMike Shufeldt (Republican) 22.5%
Ohio 10 Clarence E. Miller Republican 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 11 Dennis E. Eckart Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dennis E. Eckart (Democratic) 72.5%
  • β–ŒMargaret R. Mueller (Republican) 24.9%
  • β–ŒWerner J. Lange (Independent) 2.7%
Ohio 12 John Kasich Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Kasich (Republican) 73.4%
  • β–ŒTimothy C. Jochim (Democratic) 26.6%
Ohio 13 Don Pease Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Don Pease (Democratic) 62.8%
  • β–ŒWilliam D. Nielsen Jr. (Republican) 37.2%
Ohio 14 John F. Seiberling Democratic 1970 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Sawyer (Democratic) 53.7%
  • β–ŒLynn Slaby (Republican) 46.3%
Ohio 15 Chalmers Wylie Republican 1966 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Chalmers Wylie (Republican) 63.7%
  • β–ŒDavid L. Jackson (Democratic) 36.3%
Ohio 16 Ralph Regula Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ralph Regula (Republican) 76.3%
  • β–ŒWilliam J. Kennick (Democratic) 23.7%
Ohio 17 James Traficant Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY James Traficant (Democratic) 72.3%
  • β–ŒJames H. Fulks (Republican) 27.7%
Ohio 18 Douglas Applegate Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio 19 Ed Feighan Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ed Feighan (Democratic) 54.8%
  • β–ŒGary C. Suhadolnik (Republican) 45.2%
Ohio 20 Mary Rose Oakar Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mary Rose Oakar (Democratic) 84.9%
  • β–ŒBill Smith (Republican) 15.1%
Ohio 21 Louis Stokes Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Louis Stokes (Democratic) 81.6%
  • β–ŒFranklin H. Roski (Republican) 18.4%

Oklahomaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Oklahoma 1 James R. Jones Democratic 1972 Incumnent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Inhofe (Republican) 54.8%
  • β–ŒGary D. Allison (Democratic) 42.8%
  • β–ŒCarl E. McCullough Jr. (Independent) 2.4%
Oklahoma 2 Mike Synar Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mike Synar (Democratic) 73.3%
  • β–ŒGary K. Rice (Republican) 26.7%
Oklahoma 3 Wes Watkins Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Wes Watkins (Democratic) 78.1%
  • β–ŒPatrick K. Miller (Republican) 21.9%
Oklahoma 4 Dave McCurdy Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dave McCurdy (Democratic) 76.2%
  • β–ŒLarry Humphreys (Republican) 23.8%
Oklahoma 5 Mickey Edwards Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mickey Edwards (Republican) 70.6%
  • β–ŒDonna Compton (Democratic) 29.4%
Oklahoma 6 Glenn English Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.

Oregonβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Oregon 1 Les AuCoin Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Les AuCoin (Democratic) 61.7%
  • β–ŒAnthony Meeker (Republican) 38.3%
Oregon 2 Bob Smith Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Smith (Republican) 60.2%
  • β–ŒLarry Tuttle (Democratic) 39.8%
Oregon 3 Ron Wyden Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ron Wyden (Democratic) 86.0%
  • β–ŒThomas H. Phelan (Republican) 14.0%
Oregon 4 Jim Weaver Democratic 1974 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Peter DeFazio (Democratic) 54.1%
  • β–ŒBruce Long (Republican) 45.9%
Oregon 5 Denny Smith Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Denny Smith (Republican) 60.5%
  • β–ŒBarbara Ross (Democratic) 39.5%

Pennsylvaniaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Pennsylvania 1 Thomas M. Foglietta Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 2 William H. Gray III Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 3 Robert Borski Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 4 Joseph P. Kolter Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Joseph P. Kolter (Democratic) 60.4%
  • β–ŒAl Lindsay (Republican) 38.7%
  • β–ŒEmily C. Fair (Populist) 0.9%
Pennsylvania 5 Dick Schulze Republican 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dick Schulze (Republican) 65.7%
  • β–ŒTim Ringgold (Democratic) 34.3%
Pennsylvania 6 Gus Yatron Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Gus Yatron (Democratic) 69.1%
  • β–ŒNorm Bertasavage (Republican) 30.9%
Pennsylvania 7 Robert W. Edgar Democratic 1974 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Republican gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Curt Weldon (Republican) 61.3%
  • β–ŒBill Spingler (Democratic) 38.7%
Pennsylvania 8 Peter H. Kostmayer Democratic 1976
1980 (defeated)
1982
Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 9 Bud Shuster Republican 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 10 Joseph M. McDade Republican 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Joseph M. McDade (Republican) 74.7%
  • β–ŒRobert C. Bolus (Democratic) 25.3%
Pennsylvania 11 Paul Kanjorski Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 12 John Murtha Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Murtha (Democratic) 67.4%
  • β–ŒKathy Holtzman (Republican) 32.6%
Pennsylvania 13 Lawrence Coughlin Republican 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 14 William J. Coyne Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY William J. Coyne (Democratic) 89.6%
  • β–ŒRichard Edward Caligiuri (Libertarian) 5.2%
  • β–ŒMark Weddleton (Socialist Workers) 2.7%
  • β–ŒThomas R. McIntyre (Populist) 1.3%
  • β–ŒPhyllis Gray (Workers League) 1.3%
Pennsylvania 15 Donald L. Ritter Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Donald L. Ritter (Republican) 56.8%
  • β–ŒJoe Simonetta (Democratic) 43.2%
Pennsylvania 16 Bob Walker Republican 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Walker (Republican) 74.6%
  • β–ŒJames Hagelgans (Democratic) 25.4%
Pennsylvania 17 George Gekas Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY George Gekas (Republican) 73.6%
  • β–ŒMichael S. Ogden (Democratic) 26.4%
Pennsylvania 18 Doug Walgren Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Doug Walgren (Democratic) 63.0%
  • β–ŒErnie Buckman (Republican) 37.0%
Pennsylvania 19 Bill Goodling Republican 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Goodling (Republican) 72.9%
  • β–ŒRichard F. Thornton (Democratic) 27.1%
Pennsylvania 20 Joseph M. Gaydos Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Joseph M. Gaydos (Democratic) 98.5%
  • β–ŒAlden W. Vedder (Workers League) 1.5%
Pennsylvania 21 Tom Ridge Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Ridge (Republican) 80.9%
  • β–ŒJoylyn Blackwell (Democratic) 19.1%
Pennsylvania 22 Austin Murphy Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania 23 William Clinger Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY William Clinger (Republican) 55.5%
  • β–ŒBill Wachob (Democratic) 44.5%

Rhode Islandβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Rhode Island 1 Fernand St Germain Democratic 1960 Incumbent re-elected.
Rhode Island 2 Claudine Schneider Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.

South Carolinaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
South Carolina 1 Thomas F. Hartnett Republican 1980 Incumbent retired to run for Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
South Carolina 2 Floyd Spence Republican 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Floyd Spence (Republican) 53.6%
  • β–ŒFred Zeigler (Democratic) 46.4%
South Carolina 3 Butler Derrick Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Butler Derrick (Democratic) 68.4%
  • β–ŒRichard Dickison (Republican) 31.6%
South Carolina 4 Carroll A. Campbell Jr. Republican 1978 Incumbent retired to run for Governor of South Carolina.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
South Carolina 5 John Spratt Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
South Carolina 6 Robin Tallon Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Robin Tallon (Democratic) 75.5%
  • β–ŒRobbie Cunningham (Republican) 24.5%

South Dakotaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
South Dakota at-large Tom Daschle Democratic 1978 Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tim Johnson (Democratic) 59.2%
  • β–ŒDale Bell (Republican) 40.8%

Tennesseeβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Tennessee 1 Jimmy Quillen Republican 1962 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jimmy Quillen (Republican) 68.9%
  • β–ŒJohn B. Russell (Democratic) 31.1%
Tennessee 2 John Duncan Sr. Republican 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Duncan Sr. (Republican) 76.2%
  • β–ŒJohn F. Bowen (Democratic) 23.8%
Tennessee 3 Marilyn Lloyd Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Marilyn Lloyd (Democratic) 53.9%
  • β–ŒJim Golden (Republican) 46.1%
Tennessee 4 Jim Cooper Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee 5 Bill Boner Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Boner (Democratic) 57.9%
  • β–ŒTerry Holcomb (Republican) 39.9%
  • β–ŒCharlie Daniels (Independent) 1.4%
Others
  • β–ŒRussell Hancock (Independent) 0.4%
  • β–ŒKenneth W. Bloodworth (Independent) 0.4%
Tennessee 6 Bart Gordon Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bart Gordon (Democratic) 76.8%
  • β–ŒFred Vail (Republican) 23.2%
Tennessee 7 Don Sundquist Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Don Sundquist (Republican) 72.3%
  • β–ŒM. Lloyd Hiler (Democratic) 27.7%
Tennessee 8 Ed Jones Democratic 1969 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ed Jones (Democratic) 80.4%
  • β–ŒDan H. Campbell (Republican) 19.6%
Tennessee 9 Harold Ford Sr. Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Harold Ford Sr. (Democratic) 83.7%
  • β–ŒIsaac Richmond (Independent) 16.3%

Texasβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Texas 1 Jim Chapman Democratic 1985 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 2 Charles Wilson Democratic 1972 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Charles Wilson (Democratic) 56.8%
  • β–ŒJulian Gordon (Republican) 40.5%
  • β–ŒSam I. Paradice (Independent) 2.8%
Texas 3 Steve Bartlett Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Steve Bartlett (Republican) 94.1%
  • β–ŒBrent Barnes (Independent) 4.1%
  • β–ŒDon Gough (Libertarian) 1.8%
Texas 4 Ralph Hall Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ralph Hall (Democratic) 71.7%
  • β–ŒThomas Blow (Republican) 28.3%
Texas 5 John Bryant Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Bryant (Democratic) 58.5%
  • β–ŒTom Carter (Republican) 40.7%
  • β–ŒBob Brewer (Libertarian) 0.8%
Texas 6 Joe Barton Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 7 Bill Archer Republican 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bill Archer (Republican) 87.4%
  • β–ŒHarry Kniffen (Democratic) 11.9%
  • β–ŒRoger Plail (Libertarian) 0.7%
Texas 8 Jack Fields Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jack Fields (Republican) 68.4%
  • β–ŒBlaine Mann (Democratic) 31.6%
Texas 9 Jack Brooks Democratic 1952 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jack Brooks (Democratic) 61.5%
  • β–ŒLisa D. Duperier (Republican) 38.5%
Texas 10 J. J. Pickle Democratic 1963 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 11 Marvin Leath Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 12 Jim Wright Democratic 1954 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Wright (Democratic) 68.7%
  • β–ŒDon McNeil (Republican) 31.3%
Texas 13 Beau Boulter Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Beau Boulter (Republican) 64.9%
  • β–ŒDoug Seal (Democratic) 35.1%
Texas 14 Mac Sweeney Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 15 Kika de la Garza Democratic 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 16 Ron Coleman Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ron Coleman (Democratic) 65.7%
  • β–ŒRoy Gillia (Republican) 34.3%
Texas 17 Charles Stenholm Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 18 Mickey Leland Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mickey Leland (Democratic) 90.2%
  • β–ŒJoanne Kuniansky (Independent) 9.8%
Texas 19 Larry Combest Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Larry Combest (Republican) 62.0%
  • β–ŒGerald McCathern (Democratic) 38.0%
Texas 20 Henry B. GonzΓ‘lez Democratic 1961 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 21 Tom Loeffler Republican 1978 Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Texas.
New member elected.
Republican hold.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Lamar S. Smith (Republican) 60.6%
  • β–ŒPete Snelson (Democratic) 38.5%
  • β–ŒJim Robinson (Libertarian) 0.9%
Texas 22 Tom DeLay Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom DeLay (Republican) 71.8%
  • β–ŒSusan Director (Democratic) 28.2%
Texas 23 Albert Bustamante Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 24 Martin Frost Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Martin Frost (Democratic) 67.2%
  • β–ŒBob Burk (Republican) 32.8%
Texas 25 Mike Andrews Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Texas 26 Dick Armey Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dick Armey (Republican) 68.1%
  • β–ŒGeorge Richardson (Democratic) 31.9%
Texas 27 Solomon Ortiz Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.

Utahβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Utah 1 Jim Hansen Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Utah 2 David Smith Monson Republican 1984 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Wayne Owens (Democratic) 55.2%
  • β–ŒM. Tom Shimizu (Republican) 43.7%
Others
  • β–ŒStephen Carmichael Carr (Libertarian) 0.9%
  • β–ŒScott Alan Breen (Socialist Workers) 0.1%
Utah 3 Howard C. Nielson Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Howard C. Nielson (Republican) 66.6%
  • β–ŒDale F. Gardiner (Democratic) 32.7%
  • β–ŒDavid P. Hurst (Socialist Workers) 0.7%

Vermontβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Vermont at-large Jim Jeffords Republican 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Jeffords (Republican) 89.2%
  • β–ŒJohn T. McNulty (Pro-Life) 3.9%
  • β–ŒPeter Diamondstone (Liberty Union) 3.7%
  • β–ŒMorris Earle (Independent) 3.1%

Virginiaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Virginia 1 Herb Bateman Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 2 G. William Whitehurst Republican 1968 Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Virginia 3 Thomas J. Bliley Jr. Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Thomas J. Bliley Jr. (Republican) 67.0%
  • β–ŒKenneth E. Powell (Democratic) 29.7%
  • β–ŒJ. Stephen Hodges (Independent) 3.3%
Virginia 4 Norman Sisisky Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 5 Dan Daniel Democratic 1968 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dan Daniel (Democratic) 81.5%
  • β–ŒFrank Cole (Independent) 18.5%
Virginia 6 Jim Olin Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Jim Olin (Democratic) 69.9%
  • β–ŒFlo Neher Traywick (Republican) 30.1%
Virginia 7 D. French Slaughter Jr. Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 8 Stanford Parris Republican 1972
1974 (lost)
1980
Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 9 Rick Boucher Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia 10 Frank Wolf Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Frank Wolf (Republican) 60.2%
  • β–ŒJohn G. Milliken (Democratic) 39.8%

Washingtonβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Washington 1 John Miller Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY John Miller (Republican) 51.4%
  • β–ŒReese M. Lindquist (Democratic) 48.6%
Washington 2 Al Swift Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Al Swift (Democratic) 72.2%
  • β–ŒThomas S. Talman (Republican) 27.8%
Washington 3 Don Bonker Democratic 1974 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Don Bonker (Democratic) 73.6%
  • β–ŒJoseph R. Illing (Republican) 26.4%
Washington 4 Sid Morrison Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Sid Morrison (Republican) 72.1%
  • β–ŒRobert Goedecke (Democratic) 27.9%
Washington 5 Tom Foley Democratic 1964 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Foley (Democratic) 74.7%
  • β–ŒFloyd Lee Wakefield (Republican) 25.3%
Washington 6 Norm Dicks Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Norm Dicks (Democratic) 71.2%
  • β–ŒKenneth W. Braaten (Republican) 28.8%
Washington 7 Mike Lowry Democratic 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Mike Lowry (Democratic) 72.6%
  • β–ŒDon McDonald (Republican) 27.4%
Washington 8 Rod Chandler Republican 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Rod Chandler (Republican) 65.2%
  • β–ŒDavid E. Giles (Democratic) 34.8%

West Virginiaβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
West Virginia 1 Alan Mollohan Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
West Virginia 2 Harley O. Staggers Jr. Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
West Virginia 3 Bob Wise Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Bob Wise (Democratic) 64.9%
  • β–ŒTim Sharp (Republican) 35.1%
West Virginia 4 Nick Rahall Democratic 1976 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Nick Rahall (Democratic) 71.3%
  • β–ŒMartin Miller Sr. (Republican) 28.7%

Wisconsinβ€»

District Incumbent This race
Member Party First elected Results Candidates
Wisconsin 1 Les Aspin Democratic 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Les Aspin (Democratic) 74.3%
  • β–ŒIris Peterson (Republican) 24.1%
  • β–ŒJohn Graf (Labor) 1.6%
Wisconsin 2 Robert Kastenmeier Democratic 1958 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Robert Kastenmeier (Democratic) 55.5%
  • β–ŒAnn J. Haney (Republican) 44.2%
  • β–ŒSyed Ameen (Independent) 0.2%
Wisconsin 3 Steve Gunderson Republican 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin 4 Jerry Kleczka Democratic 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin 5 Jim Moody Democratic 1982 Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin 6 Tom Petri Republican 1979 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Tom Petri (Republican) 96.7%
  • β–ŒJohn R. Daggett (Independent) 3.3%
Wisconsin 7 Dave Obey Democratic 1969 (special) Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dave Obey (Democratic) 62.1%
  • β–ŒKevin J. Hermening (Republican) 36.9%
  • β–ŒJoseph D. Damrell (Labor) 0.9%
Wisconsin 8 Toby Roth Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Toby Roth (Republican) 67.4%
  • β–ŒPaul Willems (Democratic) 32.6%
Wisconsin 9 Jim Sensenbrenner Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.

Wyomingβ€»

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Wyoming at-large Dick Cheney Republican 1978 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Dick Cheney (Republican) 69.5%
  • β–ŒRick Gilmore (Democratic) 30.5%

Non-voting delegatesβ€»

District Incumbent This race
Delegate Party First elected Results Candidates
American Samoa at-large Fofō Iosefa Fiti Sunia Democratic 1980 Incumbent re-elected.
District of Columbia at-large Walter Fauntroy Democratic 1970 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Walter Fauntroy (Democratic) 80.1%
  • β–ŒMary L. H. King (Republican) 13.9%
  • β–ŒJulie McCall (Statehood) 4.8%
Guam at-large Ben Blaz Republican 1984 Incumbent re-elected.
  • β–ŒGreen tickY Ben Blaz (Republican) 63.9%
  • β–ŒFrank Torres (Democratic) 34.9%
U.S. Virgin Islands at-large Ron de Lugo Democratic 1972
1978 (retired)
1980
Incumbent re-elected.

See alsoβ€»

Notesβ€»

  1. ^ Stump was originally elected as a Democrat. He switched parties in 1982 and was re-elected as such that year.
  2. ^ Carney was elected as a Conservative who was nominated by the New York Republican Party and switched to the latter in October 1985.

Referencesβ€»

  1. ^ "FEDERAL ELECTIONS 86" (PDF). fec.gov. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

External linksβ€»

Text is: available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑