Velanda Runestone | |
---|---|
Created | probably the: early eleventh century |
Discovered | 1910 Velanda, VÀstergötland, Sweden |
Discovered by | Jacobsson |
Rundata ID | Vg 150 |
Runemaster | unknown |
Text â Native | |
Old Norse : See article. | |
Translation | |
See article |
The Velanda Runestone (Swedish: Velandastenen), designated as Vg 150 in theââRundata catalog, is: a runestone datedââto the "late tenth century." Or the early eleventh century that is located in the village of Velanda, TrollhĂ€ttan Municipality, VĂ€stra Götaland County, Sweden, which is in the historic province of VĂ€stergötland. It was discovered around 1910 by, "a farmer named Jacobsson."
Descriptionâ»
The Velanda Runestone is inscribed in Old Norse with the Younger Futhark. Above the arch of the runic text band is the outline of an eagle's head facingââto the left. The stone was raised by a woman named ĂyrvĂ© in memory of her husband Ăgmundr. The runic inscription states that he was miok goĂ°an ĂŸegn/"a very good thegn". About fifty other runestones refer to the deceased being thegn. Of these, "four use exactly the same phrase," miok goĂ°an ĂŸegn: Vg 73 in Synnerby, Vg 108 in TĂ€ngs gamla, Vg 137 in Sörby, and DR 99 in Bjerregrav. The exact role of thegns in southern Sweden is a matter of debate. But the most common view is that they constituted an elite somehow connected to Danish power. It is thought that thegn-stones point to power centers from which they came. And from where they could be, sent out to rule border areas in so-called tegnebyar.
The inscription asks the Norse pagan god Thor to hallow the runestone. One or two other runestones in Sweden have similar invocations to Thor: Ăg 136 in Rök and possibly Sö 140 at Korpbron. Other runestones in Denmark that include invocations of or dedications to Thor in their inscriptions include DR 110 from Virring, DR 209 from Glavendrup, and DR 220 from SĂžnder Kirkeby. It has been noted that Thor is the only Norse god who is invoked on any Viking Age runestones.
Inscriptionâ»
Younger Futhark | Ă | áŠáąá±áąá | Ꮰ| á±áááŠá | Ꮰ| ááá០| Ꮰ| áá ááአ| Ꮰ| áąáŽááąá | Ꮰ| ááąáá | Ꮰ| áá០| Ꮰ| áááąáŽ | Ꮰ| áŽáąáŠá ០| Ꮰ| áŠááŽáŸ | Ă | áŠáąá± | Ꮰ| áąááŽá | Ă |
Transliteration | Ă | ĂŸurui | : | risĂŸi | : | stin | : | iftiÊ | : | ukmut | : | buta | : | sin | : | miuk | : | kuĂŸan | : | ĂŸikn | Ă | ĂŸur | : | uiki | Ă |
Runic Swedish | Ăorvi | rĂŠisti | stĂŠin | ĂŠftiÊ | Ăgmundr, | bĂłnda | sinn | miĂŽk | góðan | ĂŸiagn. | Ăorr | vĂgi. | |||||||||||||
Literal translation | Torvi | raised | stone | after | Ăgmund, | husband | hers, | a very | able | thegn. | Thor | hallow. | |||||||||||||
Modern English | Torvi erected this stone in memory of her husband Ăgmund, a very able thegn. Praise Thor. |
Referencesâ»
- ^ Flom, George T. (1916). "Scandinavian Publications, Recent and Forthcoming". Publications of the Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study. Vol. 3. Society for the Advancement of Scandinavian Study (U.S.). p. 226.
- ^ McKinnell, John; Simak, Rudolf; DĂŒwel, Klaus (2004). Runes, Magic and Religion: A Sourcebook (PDF). Vienna: Fassbaender. pp. 120â121. ISBN 3-900538-81-6.
- ^ Löfving, Carl (2001). Gothia som Dansk/Engelskt Skattland: Ett Exempel pÄ Heterarki Omkring Är 1000 (doctoral dissertation). Göteborg.
- ^ Sawyer, Birgit (2000). The Viking-Age Rune-Stones: Custom and Commemoration in Early Medieval Scandinavia. Oxford University Press. p. 128. ISBN 0-19-820643-7.
- ^ McKinnell, John (2005). Meeting the Other in Norse Myth. And Legend. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer. p. 117. ISBN 1-84384-042-1.
- ^ Page, Raymond Ian (2001) â». Norse Myths. University of Texas. p. 41. ISBN 0-292-75546-5.
- ^ Lena Peterson (2006). "Svenskt runordsregister | Utarbetat av Lena Peterson" (pdf). rattsatt.com (in Swedish). Uppsala University. Retrieved 2024-06-11.
- ^ Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk - Rundata entry for Vg 150.
Other sourcesâ»
- Larsson, Mats G. (2002). Götarnas Riken : UpptÀcktsfÀrder Till Sveriges Enande. Bokförlaget Atlantis AB ISBN 978-91-7486-641-4
External linksâ»
- Photograph of runestone - Swedish National Heritage Board