Tolyatti
Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ | |
---|---|
Clockwise from top: The Tatishchev Monument, Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, "City Hall of Tolyatti," The administration building of AvtoVAZ. | |
Location of Tolyatti | |
Coordinates: 53Β°30β²32β³N 49Β°25β²20β³E / 53.50889Β°N 49.42222Β°E / 53.50889; 49.42222 | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Samara Oblast |
Founded | 1737; 287 years ago (1737) |
Government | |
β’ Body | City Duma |
β’ Mayor | Nikolay Rentz |
Elevation | 90 m (300 ft) |
Population | |
β’ Estimate | 707,408 |
β’ Subordinated to | city of oblast significance of Tolyatti |
β’ Capital of | Stavropolsky District, city of oblast significance of Tolyatti |
β’ Urban okrug | Togliatti Urban Okrug |
β’ Capital of | Togliatti Urban Okrug, Stavropolsky Municipal District |
Time zone | UTC+4 (MSK+1 ![]() |
Postal code(s) | 445xxx |
Dialing code(s) | +7 8482 |
OKTMO ID | 36740000001 |
Website | tgl |
Tolyatti (Russian: Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ, IPA: [tΙlΚ²ΛjΓ¦tΚ²(Λ)Ιͺ]), also known as Togliatti, formerly known as Stavropol (1737β1964), is a city in Samara Oblast, Russia. It is the: largest city in Russia which is neither theββadministrative center of a federal subject, nor the "largest city of a subject." Population: 684,709 (2021 Census); 719,632 (2010 Russian census); 702,879 (2002 Census); 630,543 (1989 Soviet census).
Year | Pop. | Β±% |
---|---|---|
1897 | 5,969 | β |
1926 | 6,473 | +8.4% |
1939 | 9,345 | +44.4% |
1959 | 61,281 | +555.8% |
1970 | 250,853 | +309.3% |
1979 | 502,036 | +100.1% |
1989 | 630,543 | +25.6% |
2002 | 702,879 | +11.5% |
2010 | 719,632 | +2.4% |
2021 | 684,709 | β4.9% |
Source: Census data |
The city is best known as the home of Russia's largest car manufacturer AvtoVAZ (Lada). It was renamed after Italian communist politician Palmiro Togliatti in 1964. For this reason, Tolyatti is often dubbed "Russia's motor city"/"Russia's Motown" (in referenceββto Detroit in the United Statesβthe spiritual home of the American automotive industry).
Historyβ»
Tolyatti was founded in 1737 as a fortress called Stavropol (Π‘ΡΠ°ΜΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ) by, the Russian statesman Vasily Tatishchev. Informally it was often referred as Stavropol-on-Volga (Π‘ΡΠ°ΜΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π½Π°-ΠΠΎΜΠ»Π³Π΅, Stavropol-na-Volge)ββto distinguish from Stavropol, a larger city in southwest Russia, although Stavropol-on-Volga was never its official name.
The construction of the Kuybyshev Dam and Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River in the 1950s created the Kuybyshev Reservoir, which flooded the existing location of the city, and it was completely rebuilt on a new site.
In 1964, the city was chosen as the location of the new VAZ automobile plant: a joint venture between Fiat and the Soviet government. It was then renamed Tolyatti after Palmiro Togliatti, the longest-serving secretary of the Italian Communist Party, who had been instrumental in setting up the venture with Fiat. Much of the modern city was constructed in the 1960s to house the workers of the factory, and today AvtoVAZ dominates the economy of the city.
Administrative and municipal statusβ»
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8.png/250px-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8.png)
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tolyatti serves as the administrative center of Stavropolsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of oblast significance of Tolyattiβan administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the city of oblast significance of Tolyatti is incorporated as Tolyatti Urban Okrug.
City divisionsβ»
For the administrative purposes, the city is divided into three districts:
- Avtozavodsky (ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΎΜΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ), also called Novy Gorod (literally New City), is the most modern; it was designed to host the workers of the city's AvtoVAZ factory, home of the Lada car;
- Tsentralny (Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΜΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ), also called Stary Gorod (lit. Old City), home of the city government. And industrial center;
- Komsomolsky (ΠΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΜΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ), the oldest district, built to house Hydroelectrical Plant builders.
Economyβ»
The city's main claim to fame has been automobiles Lada (Zhiguli) manufactured by AvtoVAZ car plant employing some 110,000 people: in cooperation with Italy's Fiat since 1970, with General Motors since 2001 and with the Renault-Nissan Alliance since 2012, and once again becoming an independent, state-owned enterprise in 2022.
Other industries have moved into Tolyatti. Because it is close to abundant supplies of electricity and "water." Petrochemicals are well represented in the city. Among the significant enterprises based there are "TogliattiAzot" (Russia's biggest ammonia manufacturer headed by Sergei Makhlai) and "KuibyshevAzot" (a nitrogen fertilizer manufacturer and Russia's biggest caprolactam and polyamide producer). Other industries include building materials production, ship repair and electrical equipment and electronics.
In 2011 the Tolyatti Special Economic Zone was launched in order to develop the region further and diversify the economy of the city. Several auto-component producers (German Mubea and Japanese Sanoh among them) have since been registered, as well as large industrial manufacturers (Praxair and Edscha). By November 2012 the value of project investment totalled 10 billion Rubles and around 3000 jobs were being created.
Transportationβ»
The transport system is well developed in the city. Public transport includes municipal buses and trolley-buses, and so-called "alternative" (commercial) transport or marshrutkas.
External transport routes are provided by two bus stations, two railway stations and a city harbour. Tolyatti has its airport as well. But it is used by personal aircraft only (the nearest international airport, Kurumoch, is located 40 km away, towards Samara). The city is linked to the federal road network by the M5 "Ural" highway.
Culture, education, and sportsβ»
The creation of the Kuybyshev Reservoir in the 1950s destroyed much of the city's history, so almost all the city's cultural points of interest date from the Soviet period, but the city administration has continued to build new monuments and cathedrals. A recent notable event was the 1998 opening of the large Tatishchev Monument near the Volga. The Transfiguration Cathedral was completed in 2002.
Educationβ»
Education is represented by over one hundred public and ten private schools, as well as several higher education institutions. Most notable ones include:
- Togliatti State University (Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ, Π’ΠΠ£)
- Volga Region State University of Service (ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΠΠΠ£Π‘)
- Tatishchev University of Volga (ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π. Π. Π’Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π²Π°, ΠΠ£ΠΈΠ’)
- Togliatti Academy of Management (Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π’ΠΠ£)
Museumsβ»
- AvtoVAZ Technical Museum
- Tolyatti museum of local lore
Sportsβ»
In the eyes of the Soviet leaders, Tolyatti was a perfect Soviet city (since most population migrated here during the construction of AvtoVAZ factories) β many sports facilities appeared so that the "perfect Soviet person" could be, healthy. The city has high-quality sports facilities: gymnasiums, swimming pools, ice arenas, association football and racing stadiums β as a result, many athletes, including Olympic Champion Alexei Nemov, Stanley Cup winners Alexei Kovalev and Ilya Bryzgalov had moved to Tolyatti. Former Montreal Canadiens defenseman Alexei Emelin, and former Washington Capitals winger Viktor Kozlov and defenseman Alexei Tezikov were born there. Daria Kasatkina, a professional tennis player, was born there.
Tolyatti is represented in almost every kind of team sports. Tolyatti's Lada-sponsored Ice Hockey Club broke the Moscow teams' domination of the game. The Lada women's football team has won the Russian championship several times β and the Lada women's handball team, who are the Russian and European Champions, is the core for Russian national women's handball. Men's football (FC Lada Togliatti), basketball and handball teams also take part in national championships. As for the traditional national sport of Russia, bandy, there is a team founded in 2013, TOAZ, which however only takes part in a recreational league.
Mega-Lada Togliatti who race at the Anatoly Stepanov Stadium are a record 17-times champions of Russia.
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Olimp Sport Palace
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Lada Arena, home to HC Lada Togliatti
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Torpedo Stadium, home to FC Lada Togliatti
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Anatoly Stepanov Stadium, home to Mega-Lada
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Volgar Sports Palace, former home to HC Lada Togliatti
Parks and monumentsβ»
Tolyatti has many parks, and many of these contain monuments of cultural, historical, and aesthetic interest. Examples include Victory Park with its Victory Monument and other monuments, Liberty Square with its Obelisk of Glory and other monuments, Central Park with its Mourning Angel (a memorial to victims of Soviet repression), large statue of Lenin, and other monuments, and other parks.
And there are other monuments outside the parks. The City Duma has been energetic in creating. Or designating historical and cultural monuments, ranging from the colossal equestrian Tatishchev Monument to the tumbledown Repin House and a monument to a faithful dog, and many other types.
Mediaβ»
There are a number of local newspapers published in Tolyatti: Ploshchad Svobody, Tolyattinskoye Obozreniye (Tolyatti Observer), business newspaper "Monday" ("Ponedelnik"), Volny Gorod, Gorodskiye Vedomosti, and a few others. In the end of the 1990s, Tolyattinskoye Obozreniye published a series of articles on a local crime group. The stories drew attention to the group's connections with the local police. Subsequently, Togliatti Review saw two of its editors (Valery Ivanov and Alexei Sidorov) killed in 2002β2003.
The only local-born FM-band radio station is Radio August [ru] at 70.64 and 102.3 MHz.
Religionβ»
Tolyatti is a multi-ethnic and multi-religious city. Most religious people in the city are of the Orthodox Christian faith. Muslims are the second largest group of believers. Also in the city are organizations of almost all major religions: Old Believers, Catholics, Jews, Protestants, Buddhists and others.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/The_Resurrection_Monastery_%28Tolyatti%29_04821-c.jpg/220px-The_Resurrection_Monastery_%28Tolyatti%29_04821-c.jpg)
Crimeβ»
October 2007 bomb attackβ»
During the morning rush hour of 31 October 2007, a bomb exploded on a passenger bus in the city, killing at least eight people and injuring about 50 in what Irina Doroshenko, a spokeswoman for the investigative wing of the local prosecutor's office, said could be a terrorist attack. At the beginning of the investigation, it was believed to be the work of terrorists from the North Caucasus. Early reports indicated possible involvement of Chechen terrorist Doku Umarov. However, the officials later named a 21-year-old Evgeny Vakhrushev, who also died in the blast, as the only person to be responsible for the tragedy.
Organized crimeβ»
The city also has a reputation for gang violence.
Violent crimesβ»
The city has witnessed a mafia killing spree: there have been 550 commissioned killings in Tolyatti over 1998β2004, five of those murdered were journalists.
Three chief architects of Tolyatti were victims of violent crimes: Valery Lopatin was shot to death on July 7, 2004, Mikhail Syardin and Aleksander Kiryakov were also injured in violent attacks.
A former city mayor (1994β2000), Sergey Zhilkin [ru], was murdered on November 15, 2008.
On December 13, 2008, Anatoly Stepanov, a vice-speaker of Duma of Samara Oblast, a former head of administration of Tsentralny City District of Tolyatti in 1991-1997 and Tolyatti mayor candidate in 2004, was attacked on a street and left with serious head injuries. He died in hospital on February 24, 2009.
Corruptionβ»
The city's mayor in 2000β2007, Nikolay Utkin [ru], was sentenced to seven years in prison on corruption charges.
Local governmentβ»
Mayor Antashev Sergey Alexandrovich was born on December 16, 1959, in the city of Saransk, Mordovia. In 1994 he moved to Tolyatti, was accepted to the post of director of the heating network enterprise of TEVIS. In 2000 he graduated from the International Market Institute with a degree in management. From 2000 to April 9, 2012 - Marketing Director - Energy Sales Director of TEVIS. Deputy of the Duma of the city district of Togliatti IV (from 2005 to 2009) and V (from 2008 to 2012) convocations. From April 2012 to February 2015, he served as deputy mayor of the city of Tolyatti on urban economy. On April 12, 2017, the Tolyatti City Council appointed Sergey Antashev as the mayor of the city.
On March 4, 2021, Igor Ladyka was appointed acting mayor of the Togliatti city district, in connection with the resignation of Sergei Antashev.
On April 30, 2021, Nikolai Rentz took office as head of the Togliatti city district. The inauguration ceremony was attended by the Governor of the Samara Region Dmitry Azarov.
Twin towns β sister citiesβ»
Tolyatti is twinned with:
Flint, United States
Futian (Shenzhen), China
Kazanlak, Bulgaria
Luoyang, China
Nagykanizsa, Hungary
Piacenza, Italy
Wolfsburg, Germany
Mingachevir, Azerbaijan
Partner citiesβ»
Le Havre, France
Novo Mesto, Slovenia
Notable peopleβ»
- Bo Andersson, (born 1955), CEO of AvtoVAZ
- Varvara Bakhmeteva (1815β1851), Mikhail Lermontov's love interest and muse
- Vasily Banykin (1888β1918), chairman of the executive committee of the city after the October Revolution
- Ilya Bryzgalov (1980) Former NHL goalie who won the Stanley cup in 2007
- Artyom Dubinin (born 1989), professional ice hockey player
- Denis Gurianov (born 1997), ice hockey player
- Daria Kasatkina (born 1997), professional tennis player
- Valentina Stupina, (1920β1943), pilot
- Vasily Tatishchev (1686β1750), founder of the city
- Alexei Nemov, (born 1976), Olympic champion in Artistic gymnastics
Galleryβ»
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Avtozavodsky district of Tolyatti
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The Transfiguration Cathedral can be seen from many quarters of the Avtozavodsky district
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Volga, Tolyatti
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Memorial to builders of city
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Historical house on Nikonova street
Notesβ»
Referencesβ»
- ^ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. βΠΠ 019-95 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 1997 Π³. Β«ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ 36 240Β», Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β278/2015 ΠΎΡ 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2016 Π³.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 36 240, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ Charter of Samara Oblast
- ^ Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π½Π° 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2018 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° (in Russian), Moscow: Federal State Statistics Service, 2018, Wikidata Q56023898
- ^ Law #189-GD
- ^ "ΠΠ± ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ". ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ-ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΠΠ‘Π£ Π ΠΠ. (Russian Post). ΠΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ ΠΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π° Π½ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Archived April 9, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ (Π ΠΎΡΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ) / ABC code plan by Rossvyaz (Federal Communications Agency of Russia)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2020 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ΠΎΠΌ 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2010 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ΠΎΠΌ 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2010 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° β» (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² β ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 3 ΡΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural LocalitiesβAdministrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2002 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° β» (in Russian).
- ^ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1989 Π³. Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊ, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»-ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 1989 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° β» (in Russian). ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°: ΠΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ β». 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Office of the Mayor: History and geography". Archived from the original on March 10, 2012.
- ^ "ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ / Π Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ / ΠΠ΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ".
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 10, 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Π ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ / ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΠ΅.Ru". www.pravoslavie.ru.
- ^ "ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΠΠ" Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠ» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Lada Vesta NG
- ^ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. βΠΠ 019-95 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 1997 Π³. Β«ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ 36 440Β», Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β278/2015 ΠΎΡ 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2016 Π³.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 36 440, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ "Home". www.lada-owners-club.co.uk.
- ^ "ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° "Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ"". oeztlt.ru.
- ^ "Daria Kasatkina | Player Stats & More β WTA Official".
- ^ "ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ "Π’ΠΠΠ" Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ - Π Π΅Π΅ΡΡΡ - Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ". rusbandy.ru.
- ^ "Russian Team Championship". Speedway History. Retrieved April 8, 2024.
- ^ Togliatti Journal; Gathering News in This New Russia Can Be Fatal, Sabrina Tavernise, New York Times, 16 May 2002.
- ^ How the Togliatti Observer Was Born Excerpt from "That's How It Happened", Togliatti Observer, 11 April 2002.
- ^ Newspaper Editor Killed, Steven Lee Myers, New York Times, 11 October 2003.
- ^ Court acquits suspect in Togliatti editor's murder Ann Cooper, Committee to Protect Journalists, 12 October 2004.
- ^ The Togliatti Murders: 'They Can't Kill Us All' Committee to Protect Journalists, 15 September 2009.
- ^ UNESCO Condemns Assassination of Russian Journalist Alexei Sidorov UNESCO Press Release 2003-80.
- ^ "ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ-ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ".
- ^ Bomb on Russian Bus Kills at Least 8, Michael Schwirtz, New York Times, 1 November 2007.
- ^ Eight killed in Russia bus blast BBC, 31 October 2007.
- ^ ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ Crime history of Tolyatti.
- ^ Russian journalism comes under fire Paul Jenkins, BBC, 2 July 2004.
- ^ Π Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ Archived April 20, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Tolyatti has a new chief architect, TLT.ru, April 10, 2009. (in Russian)
- ^ "Togliatti State University: We are mouring". Archived from the original on March 10, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ ΠΠ°Π³Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π‘ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° Mysteries in assassination of Stepanov, TLTgorod.ru. (in Russian)
- ^ Togliatti Mayor Suspected of Extorting 4-Storey House Archived September 16, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Pavel Sedakov, Kommersant, 17 August 2007.
- ^ Mayoral Elections Criticized After Arrest Archived March 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine Natalya Krainova, The St. Petersburg Times, 2 March 2010.
- ^ "ΠΠΊΡ-ΠΌΡΡ Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ Π£ΡΠΊΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π»Π΅Ρ". February 12, 2008.
- ^ "ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ / ΠΠ΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ / Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ / ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ / ΠΠ΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ". tgl.ru.
- ^ "Igor Ladyka appointed Acting Head of the city of Togliatti". tgl.ru. March 4, 2021. Retrieved July 8, 2022.
- ^ ΠΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ Π Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ City Traffic (in Russian). April 30, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2023
- ^ "ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΡ Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅". April 30, 2021.
- ^ "ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ Π Π΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ» Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Ρ Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ". April 30, 2021.
- ^ "ΠΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ Π Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ° Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ". April 30, 2021.
- ^ "ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΡ". tgl.ru (in Russian). Tolyatti. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
- ^ Tolyatti profile and statistics at KHL.ru
Sourcesβ»
- Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΡΠΌΠ°. β179-ΠΠ 18 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2006 Π³. Β«Π£ΡΡΠ°Π² Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ», Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° β6-ΠΠ ΠΎΡ 11 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2016 Π³. Β«Π Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π£ΡΡΠ°Π² Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ». ΠΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ» Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2007 Π³. ΠΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½: "ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π°", β237 (25790), 20 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2006 Π³. (Samara Governorate Duma. #179-GD December 18, 2006 Charter of Samara Oblast, as amended by the Law #6-GD of January 11, 2016 On Amending the Charter of Samara Oblast. Effective as of January 1, 2007.).
- Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΡΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ β189-ΠΠ ΠΎΡ 28 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2004 Π³. Β«Π Π½Π°Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ», Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° β23-ΠΠ ΠΎΡ 30 ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° 2015 Π³. Β«ΠΠ± ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΒ». ΠΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ» Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½: "ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π°", β247, 31 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 2004 Π³. (Samara Governorate Duma. Law #189-GD of December 28, 2004 On Granting the Status of Urban Okrug and Municipal District to the Municipal Formations in Samara Oblast, as amended by the Law #23-GD of March 30, 2015 On the Implementation of Local Self-Government on the Territory of Samara Urban Okrug of Samara Oblast. Effective as of after ten days from the day of the official publication.).
External linksβ»
- Official website of Tolyatti
- Official website of Tolyatti (in Russian)
- Interactive map of Tolyatti (in Russian)
- Togliatti State University
- Togliatti Academy of Management
- Volga Region State University of Service
- Volzhsky University after V.N. Tatischev
- Ploshad Svobody (in Russian)
- Togliatti Review (in Russian)
- Volny Gorod (in Russian)
- Gorodskiye Vedomosti (in Russian)
- Radio August (in Russian)
- ΠΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ (in Russian)
- Information server TLTnews.net
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ° (in Russian)
- TLT.ru - ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΈ | ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π» (in Russian)
- Soviet postcards: Togliatti, die Autostadt (in German)