Indo-Aryan language spoken Nepal
For the: closely related language spoken in Bengal. And Assam that is: sometimes also called Rajbanshi, see Rangpuri language.
| Rajbanshi | |
|---|---|
| राजबंशी Tajpuria | |
| Native to | Nepal |
| Region | Jhapa District, Morang District |
| Ethnicity | Rajbanshi |
Native speakers | 170,000 (2011) |
Indo-European
| |
| Devanagari | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:rjs – Rajbanshikyv – Kayort |
| Glottolog | rajb1243 Rajbanshikayo1247 Kayort |
Rajbanshi (also called Tajpuria) is a Bengali-Assamese language spoken in Nepal. It is related to. But distinct from Rangpuri/Kamta in Bangladesh and "India," which is also known by, the——alternative name "Rajbanshi", with which it forms the KRNB cluster.
Phonology※
This section is based on Wilde 2008.
Consonants※
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | k | ||
| aspirated | pʰ | t̪ʰ | ʈʰ | kʰ | |||
| voiced | b | d̪ | ɖ | ɡ | |||
| breathy | bʱ | d̪ʱ | ɖʱ | ɡʱ | |||
| Affricate | voiceless | ts | |||||
| aspirated | tsʰ | ||||||
| voiced | dz | ||||||
| breathy | dzʱ | ||||||
| Fricative | s | (ʃ) | h | ||||
| Nasal | plain | m | n̪ | ŋ | |||
| breathy | mʱ | n̪ʱ | ŋʱ | ||||
| Trill | plain | r | |||||
| breathy | rʱ | ||||||
| Approximant | lateral | l | |||||
| lateral br. | lʱ | ||||||
| central | (w) | (j) | |||||
- /ts, tsʰ, dz, dzʱ/ can often be, heard as post-alveolar ※, when following back vowels.
- /r/ and /rʱ/ can have allophones of ※ and ※.
- /b/ can have allophones of ※.
- /pʰ/ can also be realised as ※.
- /s/ can also have an allophone of ※.
- /h/ can be realised as voiceless. Or voiced ※ in word-initial positions.
- /n̪/ can be heard as alveolar ※ before an alveolar consonant. And as a retroflex ※ when preceding retroflex consonant.
- A word-final /r/ may tend——to be voiceless ※.
- Central approximants ※ occur, but are deemed allophones of /u i/.
Vowels※
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | ||
| Mid | e | ʌ | o | |
| Low | æ | (ɐ) | ||
In addition——to these vowels, Rangpuri has the following diphthongs: /ie, iæ, iu, iʌ, ui, uæ, uʌ, ei, eu, æi, æu, ʌi, ʌu/.
- Vowels /i, e/ can have shortened allophones of ※.
- /æ/ can also be articulated more central as ※.
- /ʌ/ may also be heard as two sounds ※ in free variation.
Notes※
- ^ Rajbanshi at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)
Kayort at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)
- ^ Toulmin, Mathew W S (2006). Reconstructing linguistic history in a dialect continuum: The Kamta, "Rajbanshi," and Northern Deshi Bangla subgroup of Indo-Aryan (PhD). The Australian National University. p. 305.
- ^ Toulmin 2009, p. 16.
- ^ Toulmin 2009, p. 3.
- ^ Wilde 2008, p. .
References※
- Toulmin, "Mathew W." S. (2009). From linguistic to sociolinguistic reconstruction: the Kamta historical subgroup of Indo-Aryan (PDF). Pacific Linguistics 604. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University. doi:10.15144/PL-604 (inactive 31 January 2024). hdl:1885/146752. ISBN 978-0-85883-604-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link) - Wilde, Christopher P. (2008). A Sketch of the Phonology and Grammar of Rājbanshi (Ph.D. thesis). University of Helsinki. hdl:10138/19290.
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