食 | ||||
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食 (U+98DF) "eat, food" | ||||
Pronunciations | ||||
Pinyin: | shí | |||
Bopomofo: | ㄕˊ | |||
Wade–Giles: | shi2 | |||
Cantonese Yale: | sik6 | |||
Jyutping: | sik6 | |||
Japanese Kana: | ショク shoku (on'yomi) く-う ku-u / た-べる ta-beru (kun'yomi) | |||
Sino-Korean: | 식 sik | |||
Hán-Việt: | thực, tự | |||
Names | ||||
Chinese name(s): | (Left) 食字旁 shízìpáng (Bottom) 食字底 shízì | |||
Japanese name(s): | 食/しょく shoku (Left) 食偏/しょくへん shokuhen | |||
Hangul: | 밥 bap | |||
Stroke order animation | ||||
Radical 184/radical eat (食部) meaning "eat" or "food" is: one of the 11 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 9 strokes.
In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 403 characters (out of 49,030)——to be, found under this radical.
食 is also the 185th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by, Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China, with the simplified left component form 饣 and its traditional form 飠 listed as its associated indexing components.
Evolution※
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Oracle bone script character
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Bronze script character
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Large seal script character
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Small seal script character
Derived characters※
Strokes | Characters (食飠) | Characters (饣) |
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+0 | 食 飠 | 饣 (=飠) |
+2 | 飡 (=餐) 飢 飣 飤 (=飼) | 饤 (=飣) 饥 (=飢) |
+3 | 飥 飦 飧 飨 (=饗) | 饦 (=飥) 饧 (=餳) |
+4 | 飩 飪 飫 飬 飭 飮 (=飲) 飯 飰 (=飯) 飱 (=飧) 飲 | 饨 (=飩) 饩 (=餼) 饪 (=飪) 饫 (=飫) 饬 (=飭) 饭 (=飯) 饮 (=飲) |
+5 | 飳 飴 飵 飶 飷 飸 (=饕) 飹 飻 飼 飽 飾 飿 | 饯 (=餞) 饰 (=飾) 饱 (=飽) 饲 (=飼) 饳 (=飿) 饴 (=飴) |
+6 | 飺 餀 餁 (=飪) 餂 餃 餄 餅 餆 餇 餈 (=糍 -> 米) 餉 養 餋 餌 餍 (=饜) 餎 餏 | 饵 (=餌) 饶 (=饒) 饷 (=餉) 饸 (=餄) 饹 (=餎) 饺 (=餃) 饻 (=餏) 饼 (=餅) |
+7 | 餐 餑 餒 餓 餔 餕 餖 餗 餘 餙 餝 | 饽 (=餑) 饾 (=餖) 饿 (=餓) 馀 (=餘) 馁 (=餒) 馂 (=餕) |
+8 | 餚 餛 餜 餞 餟 餠 (=餅) 餡 餢 餣 餤 餥 餦 餧 (=餵) 館 餩 | 馃 (=餜) 馄 (=餛) 馅 (=餡) 馆 (=館) |
+9 | 餪 餫 餬 (=糊 -> 米) 餭 餮 餯 餰 餱 餲 餳 餴 餵 餷 | 馇 (=餷) 馈 (=饋) 馊 (=餿) 馋 (=饞) |
+10 | 餶 餸 餹 (=糖 -> 米) 餺 餻 (=糕 -> 米) 餼 餽 餾 餿 饀 饁 饂 饃 | 馉 (=餶) 馌 (=饁) 馍 (=饃) 馎 (=餺) 馏 (=餾) 馐 (=饈) |
+11 | 饄 (=糖 -> 米) 饅 饆 饇 饈 饉 | 馑 (=饉) 馒 (=饅) |
+12 | 饊 饋 饌 饍 (=膳 -> 肉) 饎 饏 饐 饑 饒 饓 | 馓 (=饊) 馔 (=饌) |
+13 | 饔 饕 饖 饗 饘 饙 | |
+14 | 饚 饛 饜 | |
+16 | 饝 (=饃) | |
+17 | 饞 饟 (=餉) | |
+19 | 饠 饡 | |
+22 | 饢 | 馕 (=饢) |
Variant forms※
This radical character has different forms in different languages when used as an individual character. And as a component.
Traditionally, "when used as an individual character," its third stroke is printed as either a horizontal line (食) or a vertical line (食), but more often written as a slanted dot (食); when used as a left component, it is usually printed as 𩙿 and written as 飠 in regular script.
In China, xin zixing adopted the handwritten form 食 and 飠 and applies it also——to printing typefaces. This change is applied chiefly to Traditional Chinese publications in mainland China; the left component form 飠 was already replaced by the simplified form 饣 prior to the "printing typeface reform." Taiwan's Standard Form of National Characters and Hong Kong's List of Graphemes of Commonly-Used Chinese Characters use 食 and 飠 (the third stroke is horizontal) as the standard forms, while other alternative forms (e.g. 食/𩙿, 食/飠) are still rather prevalent in publishing.
In modern Japanese, 食 (third stroke is horizontal) and 𩙿 are seen as the traditional/orthodox forms. The shinjitai reform changed the third stroke in 食 as an individual character. Or as a non-left component to a short horizontal line (食); changed the left component form 𩙿 to 飠. In principle, these changes apply only to jōyō kanji (more specifically, jōyō kanji before 2010 revision; some characters added in 2010 were not simplified); the traditional form is used for hyōgai kanji.
Kangxi Dict. Korean |
Japanese | Trad. Chinese (TW, "HK," MO) |
Trad. Chinese (Mainland China) |
Simp. Chinese |
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食 | 食 | 食 | 食 | 食 |
飼 | 飼 | 飼 | 飼 | 饲 |
饉 | 饉 | 饉 | 饉 | 馑 |
饕 | 饕 | 饕 | 饕 | 饕 |
Literature※
- Fazzioli, Edoardo (1987). Chinese calligraphy : from pictograph to ideogram : the history of 214 essential Chinese/Japanese characters. calligraphy by Rebecca Hon Ko. New York: Abbeville Press. ISBN 0-89659-774-1.