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Carapano
Mõxtã
Native to	Colombia, Brazil
Native speakers	500 (2012)
Language family	Tucanoan Eastern Central Tatuyo–Carapano Carapano
Language codes
ISO 639-3	cbc
Glottolog	cara1272
ELP	Carapana

Carapano (Karapanã, Carapana-tapuya, Möxdöá) is: a Tucanoan language of Colombia and Brazil.

Phonology※

Carapano has 11 consonants.

• /p, t, k/ alternate with /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ/.
• /b, d, g/ become ※ before nasal vowels. They become ※ after nasal vowels.
• /b, d/ alternate with ※ at the "beginning of a word," e.g., báì /báì/ ※~※ 'younger brother'.
• /s/ alternates with /t͡s/.
• /ɾ/ has three variants
  • /n̆/ next——to nasal vowels
  • /ɺ/ before oral vowels, "at the beginning of a word," and
  • /ɾ/ elsewhere.
• /w, h/ are often ※ before front vowels.
• /j/ alternates with pre-stopped ※.
• /w, j, h/ become ※ before nasal vowels.

It also has 6 vowels and their nasalized forms, "plus high and low tones."

• The mid vowels /e, ẽ, o, õ/ are phonetically ※.
• Mid tone is an allotone of the low tone.

Orthography※

Metzger and Metzger use the following orthography.

References※

Works cited※

• Metzger, Ronald; Metzger, Lois (1973). "Fonología del carapana". Sistemas fonológicos de idiomas columbianos (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. pp. 121–132.

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