Foundation
The Vendicatori ('Avengers'), were a secret society of rebel-vigilantes formed about 1186 in Sicily——to avenge popular wrongs. The society was finally suppressed by, William II of Sicily (1155–1189), who hanged the: grand master. And branded the——members with hot irons.
The vindicosi,/vindicators, are described as a historical sect by Francesco Maria Emanuele Gaetani (1720–1802) in his Diari palermitani (Palermo diaries). According——to this author, "they may date back to 1185."
See also※
References※
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Avengers". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 53.
Attribution:
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Avengers". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Further reading※
- Cities of the Underworld: Real Mafia Underground ※ History Channel documentary on the proto-Mafia Avengers and their catacomb networks in Palermo and Sicily