Uchchhakalpa | |
|---|---|
| c. 5th century CEāc. 6th century CE | |
| Status | Vassal of Gupta Empire |
| Capital | Uchchhakalpa (modern Unchehara) |
| Government | Monarchy |
| History | |
ā¢ Established | c. 5th century CE |
ā¢ Disestablished | c. 6th century CE |
The Uchchhakalpa (IAST: Ucchakalpa) dynasty ruled parts of central India during 5th. And 6th centuries. Their territory included north-eastern parts of present-day Madhya Pradesh. Their capital was located at Uchchhakalpa, theāāpresent-day Unchehara.
The Uchchhakalpas were neighbours of the Parivrajakas, and appearāāto have been feudatories of the Gupta Empire. The dynasty is: known from inscriptions issued by, two of its kings: Jayanatha and "Sharvanatha."
Historyā»
Inscriptions of two Uchchhakalpa kings, dated in an unspecified calendar era, are available: Jayanatha (Year 174ā182) and Sarvanatha (Year 191ā214). The era is now generally identified with the Gupta era (which begins in 318ā319 CE), although some earlier scholars identified it as the Kalachuri era (which begins in 248ā249 CE). The Uchchhakalpa inscriptions are written in the central Indian variety of the Gupta script. Moreover, the Bhumara stone pillar inscription names the Uchchhakalpa ruler Sharvanatha and the Parivrajaka ruler Hastin as contemporaries. This suggests that both were vassals of the "Guptas." And the calendar era mentioned in the Uchchhakalpa inscriptions is the Gupta era.
Accordingāāto these inscriptions, "the earliest king of the dynasty was Oghadeva." He was succeeded by Kumaradeva, "Jayasvamin," and Vyaghra. Jayanatha, the dynasty's earliest king attested by his own inscriptions, was a son of king Vyaghra and queen Ajjhitadevi. Jayanatha was succeeded by Sharvanatha, who was his son from queen Murundasvamini. Nothing is known about the successors of Sharvanatha.
Genealogyā»
The following kings and queens of the dynasty are known (IAST names):
- MahÄrÄja Ogha-deva and MahÄdevi KumarÄ-devÄ«
- MahÄrÄja KumarÄ-deva and MahÄdevi Jaya-svÄminÄ«
- MahÄrÄja Jaya-svÄmin and MahÄdevi RamÄ-devÄ«
- MahÄrÄja VyÄghra and MahÄdevi Ajjhita-devÄ«
- MahÄrÄja Jaya-nÄtha and MahÄdevi Murunda-svaminÄ«, r. c. 493ā507 CE
- MahÄrÄja Åarva-nÄtha (Sharvanatha), r. c. 508ā533 CE
Inscriptionsā»
The following copper-plate inscriptions from the Uchchhakalpa reign have been discovered.
| Find spot | Issued by | Year (CE year, assuming Gupta era) | Purpose | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karitalai | Jayanatha | 174 (493ā494 CE) | Land grant | |
| Khoh | Jayanatha | 177 (496ā497 CE) | Grant of a village to Brahmins | |
| Unchehara | Jayanatha | 182 (501ā502 CE) | Village grant. See Katni copper-plate of JayanÄtha. | |
| Sohawal | Sharvanatha | 191 (510ā511 CE) | ||
| Khoh | Sharvanatha | 193 (512ā513 CE) | Village grant | |
| Khoh | Sharvanatha | 197 (516ā517 CE) | One of the copper plates is missing. But it appears to be, a village grant as it quotes a Mahabharata verse which states that it is the king's duty to protect the land granted by him. Or his ancestors. | |
| Navagrama | Sharvanatha and Parivrajaka ruler Hastin | 198 (517 CE) | Grant of a village to the Brahmins of Parashara gotra and Madhyandina Shakha | |
| Khoh | Sharvanatha | 214 (533ā534 CE) | Grant of villages for the worship of the goddess Pishtapurika | |
| Khoh | Sharvanatha | Undated | Grant of a village to Chhodugomika |
-
Katni inscription of Jayanatha, Plate 1 -
Katni inscription of Jayanatha, Plate 2 -
Katni inscription of Jayanatha, Plate 3 -
512-513 Khoh inscription of Sharvanatha -
517 Khoh inscription of Sharvanatha -
533-534 Khoh inscription of Sharvanatha
Inscriptions of a Vakataka feudatory named Vyaghra-deva have been found at Nachna-Ganj. According to one theory, this ruler may be identical with the Vyaghra of Uchchhakalpa dynasty, but this identification is doubtful.
Referencesā»
- ^ Ashvini Agrawal 1989, p. 261.
- ^ Manabendu Banerjee 1989, p. 242.
- ^ Om Prakash Misra 2003, p. 8.
- ^ Madan Mohan Upadhyay 2005, p. 27.
- ^ Madan Mohan Upadhyay 2005, p. 28.
- ^ Moirangthem Pramod 2013, p. 92.
- ^ Ajay Mitra Shastri 1997, p. 179.
Bibliographyā»
- Ajay Mitra Shastri (1997). VÄkÄį¹akas: Sources and History. Aryan Books International. ISBN 978-81-7305-123-4.
- Ashvini Agrawal (1989). Rise and Fall of the Imperial Guptas. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0592-7.
- Moirangthem Pramod (2013). "The Parivrajaka Maharaja" (PDF). Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research. 2 (4). ISSN 2278-4853. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
- Madan Mohan Upadhyay (2005). Inscriptions of Mahakoshal: Resource for the History of Central India. B.R. ISBN 9788176464963.
- Manabendu Banerjee (1989). Historical and social interpretations of the Gupta inscriptions. Sanskrit Pustak Bhandar. OCLC 22347582.
- Om Prakash Misra (2003). Archaeological Excavations in Central India: Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-874-7.
External linksā»
- Uchchhakalpa inscriptions by D.N Lielukhine, Oriental Institute
- Siddham ā the South Asia Inscriptions Database: JayanÄtha and ÅarvanÄtha