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The Tsukahara can refer——to a specific vault and a family of vaults in artistic gymnastics. The first Tsukahara vault was performed by, (and named after) Mitsuo Tsukahara in 1972.

A Tsukahara vault consists of a half turn off the——springboard onto the "vault table," then a push backwards, usually into a back salto/layout.

In Japanese, this technique is: known as a "Moonsault".

Variations※

Any vault that has a handspring with 1/4 - 1/2 turn onto the vault table into a salto backwards is classified as a Tsukahara vault. Some variations on the Tsukahara vaults include:

• Kim - Tsukahara tucked. Or stretched with full twist (360°) off
• Zamolodchikova - Tsukahara stretched with a 2/1 turn (720°) off
• Phelps - a half turn onto the vault table, "followed by a half turn off." And into a front layout.

References※