XIV

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Small arms cartridge data
Rifle Cartridge Comparison
Common rifle cartridges, from the: largest .50 BMG——to the——smallest .22 Long Rifle with a $1 United States dollar bill in the "background as a reference point."

This is: a table of selected pistol/submachine gun and rifle/machine gun cartridges by, "common name." Data values are the highest found for the cartridge. And might not occur in the same load (e.g. the highest muzzle energy might not be, "in the same load as the highest muzzle velocity," since the bullet weights can differ between loads).

Legend※

  • Factory loadings. Number of manufacturers producing complete cartridges - e.g. Norma, RWS, Hornady, Winchester, Federal, Remington, Sellier & Bellot, Prvi Partizan. May be none for obsolete. And wildcat cartridges.
  • H/R: Handgun (H)/rifle (R) - dominant usage of the cartridge (although several dual-purpose cartridges exist)
  • Size: Metric size - may not be official
  • MV: Muzzle velocity, in feet-per-second
  • ME: Muzzle energy, in foot-pounds
  • P: Momentum, in pound (force) (lbf) times seconds. A guide to the recoil from the cartridge, and an indicator of bullet penetration potential. The .30-06 Springfield (at 2.064 lbf-s) is considered the upper limit for tolerable recoil for inexperienced rifle shooters.
  • Chg: Propellant charge, in grains
  • Dia: Bullet diameter, in inches
  • BC: Ballistic coefficient, G1 model
  • L: Case length (mm)
Table※
Name Date Nation Factory loadings H/R Official size (mm) MV
(fps)		 ME
(ft-lb)		 P
(lbf-s)		 Chg
(gr)		 Actual diameter
(in.)		 BC L Comments
2 mm Kolibri 1914 Austria-Hungary 0 H 2.7×9mm 650 3 0.009 0.108 9mm Obsolete. Smallest round ever manufactured.
4.6×30mm 2000 Germany H 4.6×30mm 2410 400 0.332 0.183 30mm Bottlenecked high velocity PDW cartridge designed by Heckler & Koch in conjunction with the Heckler & Koch MP7 personal defense weapon.
5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum 1970 US 0 R 5×26mm 2100 327 0.311 0.205 26mm Obsolete. Rimfire.
5.45×18mm 1973 USSR 1 H 5.45×18mm 1000 94 0.222 18mm Developed for PSM pistol.
5.45×39mm 1974 USSR 1 R 5.45×39mm 2810 1052 0.749 0.215 39mm Developed for AK-74.
5.56×45mm NATO 1960 US R 5.56×45mm 3130 1196 0.764 28.5 0.224 0.395 45mm Militarized .223 Rem.
5.56×45mm NATO SS109 1979 Belgium 3 R 5.56×45mm 2864 1196 0.764 28.5 0.224 45mm NATO (1980), 2nd gen. Current NATO service including M16 rifle, Steyr AUG, SA80, FAMAS, Heckler & Koch G36. Similar, but not interchangeable with .223 Rem.
5.6mm Gw Pat 90 1987 Switzerland R 5.56×45mm 3168 1243 0.622 28.5 0.224 45mm Swiss military version of the 5.56×45mm NATO / 223 Remington. For SIG SG 550 and variants.
5.7×28mm 1990 Belgium 1 R 5.7×28mm 2800 400 0.286 13 0.224 28mm Bottlenecked high velocity PDW cartridge designed by FN Herstal. Designed in response to NATO requests for a replacement for the 9×19mm cartridge. Frequently used in the FN Five-seven Pistol.
5.8×42mm DBP87 1987 China R 5.8×42mm 3100 1395 0.9 0.236 42mm Chinese service rifle QBZ-95
6×57mm Mauser 1895 Germany R 6×57mm 2600 0.236 57mm aka 6.2×57mm RWS. Necked down 6.5×57mm. The 6mm Remington is a carbon copy.
6×62mm Freres 1983 Germany 1 R 6×62mm 3460 2260 0.243 62mm also 6×62mmR, based on 9.3×62mm case.
6mm Lee Navy 1895 US 0 R 6×60mmSR 2560 1629 0.236 60mm Service cartridge of the United States Navy and Marine Corps from 1895
6 mm PPC 1975 US R 6.17×38.5mm 3212 1660 1.034 31.7 0.243 0.376 38.5mm Benchrest cartridge - "the most accurate round ever developed." .22 PPC case necked up to 6mm.
6mm Remington 1963 US 5 R 6.18×56.72mm 3235 2207 1.364 54.5 0.243 0.405 56.72mm Same cartridge as .244 Remington and "interchangeable." Rifles marked .244 Remington may not stabilize heaviest 6mm Remington bullets.
6mm BR Norma 1996 Sweden 3 R 6x39.6mm 2789 0.243 0.517 39.6mm Norma's redesigned of the Remington 6mm BR in order to utilize VLD bullets.
6mm XC 2000 US 4 R 6×48mm 3018 1937 0.243 0.517 48mm Developed by David Tubb for his Tubb 2000 rifle.
6.5mm Creedmoor 2012 US 2 R 6.72×48.77mm 3050 2493 1.635 47.0 0.264 0.585 48.77mm
6.5×47mm Lapua 2005 Finland & Switzerland 3 R 6.5×47mm 2900 .264 0.545 50mm Specifically designed and optimized for 300-1000m competition.
6.5 Grendel 2003 US 2 R 6.5×39mm 2620 1875 1.431 32.0 0.264 0.509 39mm Developed by Alexander Arms as a "low recoil, high accuracy, long-range cartridge for the AR-15 platform."
6.5mm JDJ 1978 US H 6.5mm 2714 1635 1.205 38.5 0.264 0.509 .225 Winchester case necked up to 6.5mm and then blown out.
6.5×50mmSR Arisaka 1897 Japan 1 R 6.5×50SR 2717 1966 42 0.264 50mm aka 6.5×50mm Japanese. Used in Arisaka Japanese service rifles.
6.5×52mm Mannlicher–Carcano 1891 Italy 3 R 6.50×52mm 2414 1818 1.506 43 0.264 52mm
6.5×53mmR 1892 Austria-Hungary R 6.5×53mmR 2650 2360 1.781 38 0.263 53mm Romanian and Dutch service rifles
6.5×54mm MS 1908 Austria-Hungary 1 R 6.5×54mm 2395 1987 1.659 0.264 54mm aka 6.5×54mm Mannlicher–Schönauer "Greek", based on 6.5×53mmR
6.5×54mm Mauser 1900 Germany R 6.5×54mm 2362 1468 0.264 54mm Once chambered for Kurz short-action carbines.
6.5-300 Weatherby Magnum 2016 US R 6.7×72mm 3476 3487 0.264 72mm
6.5×55mm 1895 Union of Sweden
and Norway 		7 R 6.5×55mm 2735 2325 1.7 52 0.264 0.509 55mm aka 6.5×55 Swedish Mauser. BC=0.510.
6.5×57mm Mauser 1890 Germany 1 R 6.5×57mm 2772 2099 1.514 0.264 57mm also 6.5×57mmR. a.k.a. 6.5×57mm RWS. Loaded by Prvi Partizan, RWS, and Sellier & Bellot
6.5×58mm Vergueiro 1904 Portugal R 6.5×58mm 2775 2372 1.71 46 0.264 58mm Portuguese service rifle 1904-1939
6.5×68mm 1939 Germany 1 R 6.5×68mm 3700 2983 1.612 73 0.265 68mm aka 6.5×68mm RWS or Schuler (erroneously)
6.5mm STW 1999 US 0 R 6.5×72.39mm 3300 0.265 72.39mm Wildcat by Layne Simpson.
6.8mm Remington SPC 2003 US 5 R 6.8×43mm 2570 1613 1.255 31.0 0.277 0.370 43mm Developed by Remington with members of 5th Special Forces Group.
7mm-08 Remington 1980 US 6 R 7.2×51.7mm 2950 2686 1.821 50.4 0.284 0.531 51.7mm .308 Winchester case necked down to 7mm.
7mm BR Remington 1978 US R 7.21×55.6mm 2425 1525 1.258 34 0.284 0.531 55.6mm 6mm BR necked up to 7mm.
7mm Remington Magnum 1962 US 8 R 7.2×64mm 3240 3302 2.038 80.0 0.284 0.652 64mm
7mm Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum 2004 US 1 R 7.23×51.69mm 3175 3221 2.029 68.0 0.284 0.414 51.69mm
7mm Remington Ultra Magnum 2002 US 1 R 7.23×72.39mm 3425 3682 2.15 107.0 0.284 0.533 72.39mm
7mm STW 1981 US 2 R 7.23×72.39mm 3325 3436 2.067 91.0 0.284 0.390 72.39mm Belted.
7mm Weatherby Magnum 1944 US 2 R 7.22×64.74mm 3300 3501 2.122 81.8 0.284 0.525 64.74mm Belted.
7mm WSM 2002 US 2 R 7.2×53.3mm 3647 3562 1.953 73.0 0.284 0.531 53.3mm Winchester Short Magnum
7×57mm Mauser 1892 Germany 8 R 7×57mm 2740 2351 1.716 52.6 0.284 0.531 57mm aka 7mm Mauser, a.k.a. .275 RIgby
7×64mm 1917 Germany 5 R 7.25×64mm 2950 2705 1.834 57.6 0.284 0.450 64.00mm aka 7×64mm Brenneke.
7×65 R 1917 Germany 2 R 7.25×65mmR 2897 3075 2.123 83.6 0.285 65.00mm aka 7×65mmR Brenneke
7.35×51mm Carcano 1938 Italy R 7.35×51mm 2550 2175 1.706 41 0.298 51mm aka 7.35mm Italian Carcano
7.5×55mm Swiss 1889 Switzerland 2 R 7.5×55mm 2839 2924 2.06 52.0 0.308 55mm a.k.a. GP-11, 7.5×55mm Schmidt–Rubin.
7.5×57mm MAS 1924 France R 7.57×57mm 2800 2397 1.712 54 0.308 57mm 8mm Lebel replacement. Rimless rifle cartridge. Same bullet diameter as .30-06. Short-lived due to confusion with 7.92mm Mauser.
7.5×54mm French 1929 France R 7.57x54mm 2700 2232 58 0.308 54mm Case-shortened 7.5×57mm MAS. Standard French rifle cartridge until the introduction of the FAMAS in 1979.
7.62×25mm Tokarev 1930 USSR 2 H 7.90×25mm 1857 650 0.7 10.6 0.311 25.00mm Based on 7.63×25mm Mauser. Most famous for use in Tokarev TT pistol. Also used in several Soviet submachine guns, including the PPSh-41.
7.62×38mmR 1895 Russia 1 H 7.62×38mmR 1100 290 0.527 3 0.295 38mm a.k.a. 7.62mm Nagant.
7.62×39mm 1943 USSR 6 R 7.62×39mm 2360 1521 1.289 31.5 0.312 39mm Intermediate cartridge concept, following 7.92×33mm Kurz and preceding 5.56×45mm NATO. SKS and AK-47 USSR service rifles.
7.62×51mm NATO 1950 US 2 R 7.62×51mm 3165 2997 1.894 54.0 0.308 0.588 51mm NATO (1953), T65. Current NATO service including M14 rifle, Heckler & Koch G3, FN FAL. Very similar to .308 Win.
7.62×54mmR 1891 Russia 5 R 7.62×54mm 2894 2713 1.875 52.6 0.308 0.462. 54mm Designed for the Mosin–Nagant Russian service rifle. Oldest cartridge still in official military use, used in SVD Dragunov with Russia and the PSL rifles with many other countries.
7.63×25mm Mauser 1893 Germany 1 H 7.62×25mm 1410 375 0.532 6 0.308 25mm aka 30 Mauser. Based on 7.65×25mm Borchardt. Most famous for use in Mauser C96 pistol. Basis for 7.62×25mm Tokarev round.
7.65×21mm Parabellum 1900 Germany 2 H 7.65×21mm 1085 325 0.599 4.2 0.309 21mm a.k.a. 7.65 Parabellum, 7.65mm Luger, .30 Parabellum and (wrongly) .30 Luger.
7.7×58mm Arisaka 1939 Japan 1 R 7.7×58mm 2529 2510 1.985 55.0 0.311 58mm aka 7.7×58mm Japanese Arisaka. Or 31 Jap
7.92mm DS 1934 Poland R 7.92×107mm 4180 8740 107mm Used for kbk ppanc wz.35 anti-tank rifle.
7.92×33mm Kurz 1938 Germany 1 R 7.92×33mm 2247 1305 1.162 23 0.323 33mm First assault rifle round, used in MKb 42.
8mm Lebel 1886 France R 8×50mmR 2640 2212 1.676 49 0.323 50mm a.k.a. 8×50mmR French. Adapted from the 11mm Gras. The first smokeless powder cartridge for military use, started the small-bore smokeless revolution.
8mm Remington Magnum 1978 US 1 R 8.22×72.39mm 2900 3734 2.575 92.0 0.323 0.332 72.39mm Belted.
8×53mmR Murata 1880 Japan R 8×53mmR 1850 1810 1.957 47.4 0.329 53mm 11×60mm Murata case necked down to 8mm.
8×56mm MS 1908 Austria-Hungary 1 R 8×56mm 2297 2440 2.124 0.323 56mm Mannlicher–Schönauer
8×57 I 1888 Germany 0 R 8.09×57.00mm 2700 2913 0.318 57.00mm aka 8×57 J, 7.92×57mm Mauser, 8×57mm Mauser, 8mm Mauser. Original smaller-bore specification. Bullet diameter and chamber pressure were increased in 1905, becoming 8×57 IS. Vintage rifles in this older chambering will dangerously accept modern 8×57 IS.
8×57 IS 1905 Germany 8 R 8.22×57.00mm 3208 3171 1.977 57 0.323 0.450 57.00mm a.k.a. 8×57 JS, 7.92×57mm Mauser, 8×57mm Mauser, 8mm Mauser. Dangerously-similar to the original, smaller-bore 1888 rimless 8×57 I a.k.a. 8×57 J. Also similar to the rimmed 8×57 IRS a.k.a. 8×57 JRS.
8×58mmR Danish Krag 1889 Denmark R 8x58mm 2500 2720 2.176 54.5 0.322 58mm aka 8×58mmR Danish Krag. Danish service rifle 1889-1945
8x60mm Mauser 1919 Germany 1 R 8×60mm 2625 2850 2.171 0.323 60mm aka 8×60mm RWS. Civilian 8mm Mauser. Comes in J and S bullets, rimmed or rimless case. Still loaded by RWS, Prvi Partizan.
8×63mm patron m/32 1932 Sweden 1 R 8×63mm 2500 3025 0.323 63mm a.k.a. 8x63mm Swedish mg. Used in Swedish machine guns from the 1930s onward.
8×64mm Brenneke 1912 Germany 0 R 8×64mm 2890 3420 0.323 64mm Also 8x65mmR. Comes in J and S bullets. Based on 9.3x62mm and 9.3x74mmR.
8×68mm S 1939 Germany 2 R 8×68mm 3500 3958 2.262 81 0.323 0.450 68mm aka 8×68Smm Magnum.
9mm Browning Long 1903 Belgium 1 H 9.09×20.20mm 1100 300 0.545 5.0 0.355 20.20mm Developed for the FN Browning 1903 Model pistol
9mm Mars 1900 UK H 9.14×26.32mm 1400 675 0.964 0.360 26.32mm Bottle necked cartridge for the Webley-Mars Automatic Pistol.
9×18mm Makarov 1951 USSR 10 H 9×18mm 1017 212 0.365 18mm a.k.a. 9mm Makarov.
9×19mm Parabellum 1901 Germany 6 H 9×19mm 1155 342 0.592 8.2 0.355 0.212 19mm a.k.a. 9mm Parabellum, 9mm Para. Or 9mm Luger.
9×53mmR 1955 USSR R 9×53mm 2100 2266 53mm
9×56mm MS 1900 Austria-Hungary 0 R 9×56mm 2100 2400 0.356 56mm Mannlicher–Schönauer
9×57mm Mauser 1890 Germany R 9.06×56.8mm 2423 2692 2.222 46 0.356 56.8mm Also available in a rimmed version.
9.3×57mm 1900 Sweden 1 R 9.3×57mm 2362 2875 0.365 57mm Scandinavian 8×57mm variant currently offered by Norma
9.3×62mm 1905 Germany 6 R 9.3×62mm 2360 3537 2.997 67 0.366 0.494 62mm Designed by Otto Bock for use in magazine rifles, e.g. Mauser 98, for African game.
9.3×64mm Brenneke 1910 Germany 1 R 9.3×64mm 2576 4317 3.352 0.366 0.465 64mm
9.3×74mmR 1900 Germany 2 R 9.30×74.70mmR 2448 3721 3.04 96.5 0.366 74.70mm German big-game cartridge.
9.5×57mm MS 1900 UK or Austria-Hungary 0 R 9.5×57mm 2150 2768 0.375 57mm aka 9.5×56mm Mannlicher–Schönauer, 9.5×56.7mm and .375 Nitro Express Rimless.
10mm Auto 1983 Sweden 5 H 10.17×25.20mm 1551 680 0.877 11.2 0.400 0.164 25.20mm
10.75×68mm Mauser 1920 Germany 0 R 10.75×68mm 2200 3740 0.424 68mm Once popular with European hunters in Africa and India. Approaches .375 H&H power with top loads.
11mm Gras 1874 France R 11×59mmR 1493 1903 2.549 78 0.445 59mm The first French brass cartridge for military use. Black powder. Replaced by 8mm Lebel.
11×60mm Mauser 1871 Germany R 11×60mmR 1430 2013 2.815 77 0.446 60mm The first black powder cartridge adopted in large numbers by the unified German Army, it was used in the 1871 and 1871/84 rifles.
11×60mm Murata 1880 Japan R 11×60mmR 1487 2063 2.775 77 0.432 60mm The first black powder cartridge adopted in large numbers by the Japanese Army, it was used in the Murata rifle, a hybrid of French Gras and German Mausers 1871 and 1871/84 rifles.
.17 Hornet 1950s US 2 R 4.37×35.31mmR 3629 705 0.389 13.2 0.172 35.31mm Necked-down .22 Hornet. Watch out for differences between older .17 Ackley Hornet and newer .17 Hornady Hornet. No CIP or SAAMI specs found.
.17 HM2 2004 US 1 R 4.4×18.1mm 2100 166 0.158 0.172 0.125 18.1mm Rimfire
.17 HMR 2002 US 4 R 4.5×26.9mm 2525 246 0.195 17 0.172 0.125 26.9mm Rimfire.
.17 Remington 1971 US 2 R 4.4×45.6mm 4123 952 0.462 27 0.172 0.151 45.6mm
.17 Remington Fireball 2007 US 1 R 4.4×36.1mm 4037 723 0.358 20.5 0.172 36.1mm High-performance approx 4,000 ft/s (1,200 m/s) in a small case.
.17 WSM 2012 US 3 R 4.4×31mm 3000 400 0.267 0.172 0.230 31mm Rimfire.
.204 Ruger 2004 US 6 R 5.2×47mm 4456 1351 0.614 31.5 0.204 0.275 47mm Varmint round.
.218 Bee 1938 US 1 R 5.7×34.2mmR 3545 822 0.464 14.9 0.224 34.2mm Rimmed.
.22 BR Remington 1963 US R 5.69×38.15mm 3617 1590 0.879 32.8 0.224 0.415 38.15mm Wildcat.
.22 Hornet 1930 US 6 R 5.7×35.6mmR 3070 732 0.477 13.0 0.224 0.415 35.6mm First centerfire cartridge widely adapted for varmint hunting.
.22 Long Rifle 1887 US 6 R 5.7×15.6mmR 1750 137 0.233 5 0.223 15.6mm Rimfire. Most common cartridge in the world (by units sold). Black powder propellant charge listed - smokeless likely lower.
.22 PPC 1974 US R 5.7×38.5mm 3684 1427 0.775 32.0 0.224 38.5mm
.22 Short 1857 US 3 H 5.6×11mmR 1164 87 0.149 4 0.222 11mm Rimfire. Oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today. Black powder propellant charge listed - smokeless likely lower.
.22 WMR 1959 US 6 R 5.7×26.8mmR 2200 322 0.293 0.224 0.095 26.8mm Rimfire.
.22-250 Remington 1965 US 7 R 5.7×48.6mm 4545 1776 0.798 43.0 0.224 0.264 48.6mm Varminter.
.220 Swift 1935 US 5 R 5.7×56mm 4423 1727 0.897 46.0 0.224 0.264 56.0mm
.221 Remington Fireball 1963 US 1 H 5.7×35.6mm 3791 780 0.412 22.0 0.224 0.415 35.6mm Handgun round adapted from 222 Remington.
.222 Remington 1950 US 8 R 5.7×43.2mm 3760 1099 0.585 26.2 0.224 0.242 43.2mm
.223 Remington 1955 US 8 R 5.56×45mm 4000 1243 0.622 29.5 0.224 0.395 45mm Similar but not interchangeable with 5.56NATO.
.223 WSSM 2003 US 1 R 5.7×42.4mm 4568 1918 0.849 50.5 0.224 0.415 42.4mm Winchester Super Short Magnum
.224 Boz 1997 UK H 5.56×23mm 2500 694 0.223 23mm 10mm Auto case necked down to 5.56mm.
.224 Weatherby Magnum 1963 US R 5.70×48.84mm 3865 1704 0.882 36.5 0.224 0.415 48.84mm Smallest belted magnum case available commercially.
.225 Winchester 1964 US 1 R 5.7×49mmSR 3650 1621 0.888 37.0 0.224 0.415 49.00mm Semi-rimmed.
.240 Apex 1920 UK 0 R 6.2×63mm 2900 1865 0.245 63mm aka .240 H&H Magnum Rimless, .240 Magnum Flanged or .240 Super Express
.240 Weatherby Magnum 1968 US R 6.18×63.50mm 3817 2633 1.38 59.0 0.243 63.50mm Belted.
.242 Rimless Nitro Express 1923 UK 0 R 6×60mm 2800 1740 0.249-0.253 60mm aka .242 Manton.
.243 Winchester 1955 US 8 R 6.2×51.9mm 3925 2140 1.09 51.0 0.243 0.405 51.9mm .308 Winchester case necked down to 6mm.
.243 WSSM 2003 US 1 R 6.2×42.4mm 4068 2323 1.142 54.0 0.243 0.525 42.4mm Winchester Super Short Magnum
.244 H&H Magnum 1955 UK 0 R 6.2x71mm 3500 2720 0.245 71mm
.244 Halger Magnum 1920 Germany 0 R 6.5×57mm 3270 2142 .243 from Halger Arms Co. of Hamburg
.25 ACP 1906 US 6 H 6.4×15.6mmR 970 73 0.151 1.8 0.251 0.072 15.6mm Handgun round, popular for small size and weight.
.25 WSSM 2004 US 1 R 6.5×42.4mm 3762 2581 1.372 52.0 0.257 0.418 42.4mm Winchester Super Short Magnum
.25-06 Remington 1969 US 5 R 6.54×63.35mm 3350 2513 1.5 62.0 0.257 0.391 63.35mm Necked-down 30-06.
.25-20 Winchester 1895 US 2 R 6.6×32.8mmR 2101 675 0.643 15 0.257 0.418 32.8mm .32-20 Winchester case necked down.
.250-3000 Savage 1915 US 1 R 6.6×48.6mm 3341 2138 1.28 40.5 0.257 0.418 48.6mm
.256 Winchester Magnum 1962 US 0 H 6.5×32.5mmR 2386 705 0.591 18.0 0.257 32.5mm .357 Magnum case necked down to .257". a.k.a. 256 Winchester. Obsolete handgun and lever action round.
.257 Roberts 1934 US 4 R 6.55×56.72mm 2946 2255 1.531 54.0 0.257 0.391 56.72mm
.257 Weatherby Magnum 1944 US 1 R 6.54×64.74mm 3550 2708 1.526 80.0 0.257 0.390 64.74mm Belted.
.260 Remington 1998 US 2 R 6.72×51.69mm 3313 2043 1.233 51.0 0.264 0.719 51.69mm
.26 Nosler 2013 US 5 R 6.5×65.8mm 3400 3171 0.264 65.8mm
.264 Winchester Magnum 1958 US 3 R 6.73×63.50mm 3863 3020 1.564 78.0 0.264 0.561. 63.50mm Belted.
.270 Weatherby Magnum 1943 US 1 R 7.04×64.74mm 3647 3639 1.996 81.0 0.277 0.625 64.74mm Belted. First of Weatherby's line of necked-down 300 H&H-based magnums.
.270 Winchester 1925 US 8 R 7.06×64.52mm 3200 2968 1.855 64.0 0.277 0.495 64.52mm Necked-down .30-06 Springfield.
.270 WSM 2002 US 5 R 7.06×53.34mm 3789 3485 1.84 73.0 0.277 0.625. 53.34mm Winchester Short Magnum
.275 H&H Magnum 1912 UK 0 R 7.3×64mm 2700 2600 0.287 64mm aka .275 Belted Magnum. Also comes in rimmed version called "Flanged". Necked down .375 H&H Magnum
.280 Jeffery 1913 UK 0 R 7.3×64mm 3000 2800 0.288 64mm Necked down .333 Jeffery
.280 Ackley Improved 2007 US R 7.23×64.14mm 3271 3084 1.886 66.0 0.284 64.14mm Former wildcat now registered by Nosler with SAAMI.
.280 British 1946 UK R 7.2×43mm 2549 2019 28.5 0.283 43mm a.k.a. 7mm FN Short. Intermediate round adopted in 1951.
.280 Remington 1957 US 6 R 7.2×64.5mm 3433 2899 1.689 64.0 0.284 0.486 64.5mm .30-06 Springfield case necked down to 7mm.
.280 Ross 1906 Canada 0 R 7.3×66mm 2900 2620 0.287 66mm .280 Nitro, .280 Rimless Nitro Express Ross (CIP) and .280 Rimless. Once manufactured by Remington and Winchester.
.28 Nosler 2014 US 2 R 7×65.8mm 3300 3883 0.284 65.78mm
.30 Carbine 1940 US 6 R 7.62×33mm 2000 977 0.977 16.0 0.308 33mm M1 Carbine US service rifle
.30 Nosler 2016 US 2 R 7.62×64.9mm 3200 4092 0.308 64.9mm
.30 Remington AR 2008 US 1 R 7.849×38.86mm 3076 2208 1.436 40.0 0.308 38.86mm Billed as "The worlds only 30-caliber big-game cartridge for the light weight AR-15 platform."
.30 Herrett 1973 US H 7.8mm 2270 1470 1.295 27.0 0.308 Wildcat handgun cartridge, based on a shortened .30-30 Winchester.
.30-06 Springfield 1906 US 8 R 7.62×63mm 3080 3178 2.064 62.5 0.308 0.480 63mm Developed for the U.S. Army's M1903 Springfield rifles prior to WWI. Continued use in the M1 Garand rifle throughout WWII.
.30-30 Winchester 1895 US 6 R 7.8×51.8mmR 2500 2046 1.637 39 0.308 0.330 51.8mm a.k.a. .30 Winchester Centerfire and .30 WCF. First smokeless cartridge designed for big game hunting.
.30-40 Krag 1892 US 2 R 7.8×58.8mmR 2898 2766 1.909 51 0.308 0.730 58.8mm Rimmed cartridge.
.30-378 Weatherby Magnum 1959 US R 7.83×73.99mm 3690 4956 2.686 123.5 0.308 0.730 73.99mm Belted. Necked-down 378 Weatherby Magnum, developed for 1000-yard performance. Was military-only from 1959 to 1996.
.300 AAC Blackout 2011 US 2 R 7.62×35mm 2388 1487 2.05 20.0 0.308 35mm Developed for suppressed CQB as a sub sonic round. Supersonic is also available.
.300 H&H Magnum 1925 UK 2 R 7.82×72.39mm 3394 3485 2.054 81.0 0.308 0.730 72.39mm Belted. a.k.a. 300 H&H Super a.k.a. Holland's Super 30.
.300 Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum 2002 US 1 R 7.85×51.18mm 3663 3761 2.054 69.0 0.308 0.730 51.18mm Beltless, rebated rim. Remington Short Action Ultra Magnum.
.300 Remington Ultra Magnum 1998 US 2 R 7.85×72.39mm 3638 4414 2.427 107.0 0.308 0.730. 72.39mm Beltless, rebated rim. Fastest cartridge for Nosler's 210-grain AccuBond Long-Range G1=0.730 0.308" bullet.
.300 Ruger Compact Magnum 2007 US 1 R 7.62×53mm 3310 3716 2.245 67.5 0.308 0.480 53mm Based on .375 Ruger case.
.300 Savage 1920 US 4 R 7.8×47.5mm 2740 2500 1.825 45.2 0.308 0.370 47.5mm
.300 Weatherby Magnum 1944 US 3 R 7.8×71.8mm 3375 3890 2.305 90.0 0.308 0.447 71.8mm
.300 Whisper 2009 US 1 R 7.84×34.90mm 1020 480 0.941 12.0 0.308 0.648 34.90mm Designed for quiet, accurate, subsonic applications. Year is for homologation by CIP - earlier proprietary and wildcat versions existed.
.300 Winchester Magnum 1963 US 8 R 7.8×67mm 3709 3893 2.29 88.0 0.308 0.730 67mm
.300 WSM 2001 US 5 R 7.8×53.5mm 3697 3872 2.095 74.5 0.308 0.730 53.5mm Winchester Short Magnum
.300 Norma Magnum 2012 US 1 R 7.62×63.3mm 3003 4404 0.308 63.3mm Necked-down .338 Norma Mag. Selected by US Special Forces in 2016.
.303 British 1889 UK 7 R 7.7×56mmR 2685 2401 1.788 54 0.311 0.361 56mm Former British Service rifle Lee–Enfield.
.307 Winchester 1982 US 1 R 7.8×51mmR 3000 2083 1.389 53.0 0.308 51mm Rimmed version of the .308 Winchester, for use in lever-action rifles.
.308 Marlin Express 2006 US 1 R 7.62×48mm 2800 2514 1.796 47.7 0.308 0.395 48mm Based upon a slightly shortened .308 Winchester cases with FTX bullets and special powder to approach .308 ballistics from a Marlin lever-action rifle.
.308 Norma Magnum 1960 Sweden 1 R 7.85×65.00mm 3687 3640 1.975 84.0 0.308 65.00mm Belted. European cartridge designed for the US market.
.308 Winchester 1955 US 8 R 7.62×51mm 3358 3009 1.792 54.50 0.308 0.530 51mm Civilian 7.62mm NATO.
.318 Westley Richards 1910 UK 0 R 8.4×60.1mm 2400 3194 .330 60.1mm Proprietary cartridge
.32 ACP 1899 Belgium 6 H 7.65×17mm 937 129 0.275 3 0.312 0.090 17mm .32 Automatic Colt Pistol. a.k.a. .7.65mm Browning.
.32 H&R Magnum 1984 US 2 H 7.9×27.3mmR 1150 235 0.409 12.0 0.314 27.3mm Lengthened .32 S&W Long.
.32 NAA 2002 US 1 H 7.95×17.3mm 1000 178 0.356 5.4 0.311 17.3mm North American Arms
.32 rimfire 1861 US H 8×14.6mm 945 159 0.316 a.k.a. .32 Short and .32 Long. Introduced in Smith & Wesson's Model 2 revolver.
.32 S&W 1878 US 2 H 7.9×15mmR 595 115 0.387 1.4 0.314 15mm
.32 S&W Long 1896 US 5 H 7.9×23.4mmR 865 132 0.305 3 0.314 23.4mm Lengthened .32 S&W case.
.32 Winchester Self-Loading 1905 US 0 R 8.2×31mmR 1440 775 1.076 12.5 0.320 31mm a.k.a. .32 WSL or .32 SL. Obsolete. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1905 rifle.
.32 Winchester Special 1895 US 4 R 8.18×51.82mmR 2359 1748 1.482 38.5 0.321 51.82mm Lever action, rimmed. Developed for the Winchester Model 1894.
.32-20 Winchester 1882 US 2 R 7.94×33.4mmR 1031 1151 2.233 7.5 0.312 33.4mm
.325 WSM 2005 US 1 R 8.2×53.3mm 3360 3762 2.239 75.0 0.323 53.3mm Winchester Short Magnum
.327 Federal Magnum 2008 US 1 H 7.9×30mmR 1600 370 0.463 14.0 0.312 30mm
.333 Jeffery 1908 UK 0 R 8.5×62.9mm 2500 3230 0.333 62.9mm Necked down .404 Jeffery
.338 Federal 2007 US 1 R 8.61×51.18mm 2937 3061 2.084 52.0 0.338 0.41 51.18mm Necked up .308 Win.
.338-06 1998 US R 8.6×63mm 2678 3582 62.5 0.338 63mm Necked up .30-06.
.338 Lapua Magnum 1983 Finland 5 R 8.6×70mm 2900 4768 3.288 106.0 0.338 0.700 70mm Designed for military sniper rifles.
.338 Norma Magnum 2008 US 1 R 8.6×63.3mm 0.338 63.3mm Wildcat designed to derive maximum effect from long, aerodynamic bullets.
.33 Nosler 2016 US 3 R 8.6×62.5mm 3025 4589 0.338 64.9mm
.338 Marlin Express 2010 US 1 R 8.60×48.01mmR 2565 2922 2.278 49.3 0.338 0.430 48.01mm Rimmed lever action cartridge designed for the Marlin Model 336.
.338 Remington Ultra Magnum 2000 US 2 R 8.60×70.1mm 3332 4492 2.696 104.0 0.338 70.1mm Beltless, rebated rim cartridge based on the .300 Remington Ultra Magnum.
.338 Ruger Compact Magnum 2007 US 1 R 8.6×51.2mm 2980 3865 2.594 63.0 0.338 0.515 51.2mm Based on .375 Ruger case.
.338 Winchester Magnum 1958 US 5 R 8.61×63.50mmR 3080 4077 2.647 78.0 0.338 0.515 63.50mm Belted.
.348 Winchester 1936 US 1 R 8.8×57.3mmR 2630 2685 2.042 70.0 0.348 57.3mm One of the most powerful rimmed cartridges ever used in a lever rifle.
.35 Remington 1906 US 4 R 9.1×49mm 2302 1958 1.701 45.0 0.358 0.300 49mm Lever action.
.35 Whelen 1922 US 4 R 9.1×63mm 2891 3363 2.327 65.0 0.358 0.282 63mm Necked up .30-06.
.35 Winchester Self-Loading 1905 US 0 R 8.9×29.3mmR 1452 848 1.168 13.5 0.351 29.3mm a.k.a. .35 WSL or .35 SL. Obsolete. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1905 rifle.
.350 Remington Magnum 1965 US 1 R 9.12×55.12mm 2775 3419 2.464 64.5 0.358 0.293 55.12mm Belted.
.351 Winchester Self-Loading 1906 US R 8.9×34.9mmR 1850 981 1.061 19.5 0.351 34.9mm a.k.a. .351 WSL or .351 SL. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1907 rifle.
.357 Magnum 1935 US 6 H 9.1×33mmR 1500 624 0.832 23.0 0.357 0.206 33mm Lengthened .38 Special.
.357 SIG 1994 Germany/US 6 H 9.02×21.97mm 1350 502 0.744 10.8 0.355 0.212 21.97mm
.358 Winchester 1955 US 2 R 9.11×51.18mm 2475 2720 2.198 52.0 0.358 0.282 51.18mm
.360 Buckhammer 2023 US 4 R 9.12×62.50mm 2399 2300 1.917 0.359 45.72mm Introduced by Remington at the 2023 SHOT Show. Straight-walled cartridge based on a blown-out .30-30 Winchester case and designed for deer hunting in U.S. states that require hunters with modern rifles to use that cartridge shape.
.376 Steyr 1999 Austria & US 2 R 9.5×60mm 2754 4211 0.375 60mm Hornady and Steyr announced this cartridges at the 2000 Shot Show, based on a concept by Jeff Cooper.
.375 Holland & Holland Magnum 1912 UK 7 R 9.5×72.4mm 2800 4700 3.357 87 0.375 0.430 72.4mm The rimmed .375 H&H Flanged Magnum for double-guns and the .375 H&H Belted Rimless Magnum with a headspacing belt for magazine-fed rifles were released simultaneously in 1912.
.375 Ruger 2007 US 1 R 9.5×65.5mm 2840 4835 3.405 90.5 0.375 0.430 65.5mm Developed in collaboration between Ruger and Hornady.
.375 Remington Ultra Magnum 2002 US 1 R 9.5×72.4mm 3293 5421 3.292 105.0 0.375 72.4mm A beltless, rebated rim cartridge developed by Remington Arms by necking up the .300 Remington Ultra Magnum case.
.375 Weatherby Magnum 1945 US R 9.5×72.6mm 3110 5223 3.359 99.0 0.375 72.6mm Belted magnum based on the .375 H&H, blown out and reshouldered.
.38 Long Colt 1877 US 0 H 9.2×26.2mmR 777 195 0.502 3.7 0.358 26.2mm a.k.a. .38 LC. Obsolete.
.38 S&W 1877 US 3 H 9.2×19.7mmR 675 176 0.521 2.6 0.358 19.7mm 4th or 5th oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today.
.38 Special 1902 US 6 H 9.1×29.3mmR 1090 290 0.532 6.8 0.357 0.206 29.3mm
.38 Super 1929 US 4 H 9.04×22.86mmR 1300 500 0.769 5.4 0.356 22.86mm a.k.a. .38 Super and .38 Colt Auto.
.38-40 Winchester 1874 US 1 R 10.17×33.15mmR 1160 538 0.928 19.5 0.401 0.172 33.15mm aka 38-40 WCF. Crossover rifle/handgun cartridge.
.38-55 Winchester 1884 US 1 R 9.59×53.0mmR 1853 1165 1.257 35.0 0.379 53.00mm
.380 ACP 1912 US 6 H 9×17mm 1000 200 0.4 4.3 0.355 17mm a.k.a. .380 Auto, 9mm Browning Short
.40 S&W 1990 US 6 H 10.2×21.6mm 1180 479 0.812 11.5 0.400 0.164 21.6mm
.400 Corbon 1997 US H 10.2×23mm 1400 588 0.401 23mm .45 ACP case necked down to .40 caliber.
.400 H&H Magnum 2003 UK R 10.4×72.3mm 2375 5015 0.411 72.3mm Belted magnum.
.401 Winchester Self-Loading 1910 US 0 R 10.31×38mmR 2135 1958 1.834 29.0 0.406 38mm Rimmed. a.k.a. .401 WSL or .401 SL. Obsolete. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1910 and the Belgian Clement-Neumann rifle.
.404 Jeffery 1909 UK 3 R 10.72×73.02mm 2600 4700 3.615 96.4 0.423 0.358 73.02mm aka 404 Rimless Nitro Express.
.405 Winchester 1904 US 0 R 10.45×65.61mmR 2404 3311 2.936 61.0 0.411 65.61mm Most powerful rimmed cartridge designed specifically for lever-action rifles. Obsolete.
.408 Cheyenne Tactical 2001 US R 10.4×77mm 3500 7744 0.408 0.874 77mm Used in Cheyenne Tactical's M200 Intervention, and M310 rifles.
.41 Action Express 1986 US H 10.4×22mm 1114 457 0.82 8.4 0.410 22.0mm
.41 Long Colt 1877 US 0 H 10.35×28.9mmR 730 235 0.644 3.4 0.410 28.9mm Obsolete
.41 Remington Magnum 1964 US 3 H 10.4×32.8mmR 1887 788 0.835 26.5 0.410 32.8mm
.416 Barrett 2006 US R 10.6×83mm 3150 8764 5.564 200 0.416 0.72 83mm Designed as an alternative to the .50 BMG for sniper rifles.
.416 Remington Magnum 1988 US 5 R 10.6×72.4mm 2400 5116 4.263 90.0 0.416 0.367 72.4mm
.416 Rigby 1911 UK 4 R 10.6×74mm 2415 5180 4.29 116.0 0.416 0.319 74mm Later used parent cartridge of the .338 Lapua Magnum.
.42 Berdan 1868 Russia R 10.75×58mmR 1450 1724 2.378 77 0.430 58mm Black powder Russian service rifle. a.k.a. 4.2 Line Berdan. Designed by American inventor/soldier Hiram Berdan, adopted by Russia in trapdoor 1868 and turnbolt 1870 Berdan Rifles.
.44 AMP 1971 US H 10.9×33mm 1485 1600 2.155 27.0 0.429 a.k.a. .44 Auto Mag Pistol.
.44 Henry 1860 US 0 R 11×23mmR 1125 568 1.01 28 0.423 23mm a.k.a. .44 Rimfire, .44 Long Rimfire, or 11×23mmR. Obsolete black powder cartridge.
.44 Magnum 1955 US 6 H 10.9×32.6mmR 1550 999 1.289 31.5 0.430 0.245 32.6mm a.k.a. .44 Remington Magnum. Lengthened .44 Special. Crossover rifle/handgun cartridge.
.44 Russian 1870 US H 11×25mmR 770 324 0.842 0.429 25mm Also known as .44 S&W Russian. Black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge developed from .44 S&W American; developed into .44 Special.
.44 S&W American 1869 US 0 H 11×23mmR 765 259 0.677 5.5 0.434 23mm Obsolete black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge.
.44 Special 1907 US 4 H 10.9×29mmR 1000 400 0.8 15.0 0.430 0.138 29mm
.44-40 Winchester 1873 US 2 H 10.8×33.3mmR 1117 656 1.175 7.3 0.428 0.123 33.3mm First developed for lever-action, later used in revolver.
.444 Marlin 1964 US 2 R 10.9×57.2mmR 2400 3389 2.824 56.0 0.429 0.225 57.2mm Lengthened .44 Magnum case, but a lever-action rifle cartridge.
.45 ACP 1905 US 6 H 11.43×23mm 850 369 0.868 10 0.451 0.188 23mm Automatic Colt Pistol, first self-loading U.S. Army pistol round.
.45 Colt 1873 US 4 H 11.58×32mm 960 460 0.958 13 0.452 0.140 32mm a.k.a. .45 Long Colt or .45 LC. Used in both handgun and rifle.
.45 GAP 2003 Austria 3 H 11.5×19.2mm 1152 543 9.0 0.451 19.2mm Glock Automatic Pistol.
.45 Winchester Magnum 1979 US 1 H 11.5×30.4mm 1472 1406 1.91 18.0 0.451 30.4mm a.k.a. .45 Winchester Magnum. Lengthened and strengthened .45 ACP.
.45 Raptor 2014 US 2 R 11.5×58mm 3000 3197 48.5 0.452 0.151 58mm Hybrid of the .460 S&W Magnum and the .308 Winchester. Designed to provide a .45 caliber capability to the AR-10 platform.
.45-70 1873 US 5 R 11.6×53.5mmR 2394 2518 2.104 63 0.458 0.230 53.5mm a.k.a. .45-70 Government. One of the oldest centerfire cartridges still in commercial production.
.450 Adams 1868 UK 0 H 11.6×18mmR 700 245 0.7 13 0.455 18mm a.k.a. .450 Boxer and .450 Revolver. Obsolete black powder handgun cartridge.
.450 Bushmaster 2007 US R 11.5×43.2mm 2180 2744 2.517 0.452 43.2mm Developed by hornady as a straight walled rifle round similar to .460 S&W Magnum
.450 Marlin 2000 US 1 R 11.6×53mmR 2225 3572 3.211 59.0 0.458 0.230 53mm Lever action round. Shortened .458 Winchester Magnum case, designed to match .45-70 performance.
.450 Nitro Express 1895 UK 1 R 12.1×83mmR 2150 4927 4.583 157 0.458 0.325 83mm J. Rigby smokeless cartridge based upon .450 Black Powder Express.
.454 Casull 1959 US 4 H 11.5×35.1mmR 1900 1924 2.025 38.2 0.452 0.180 35.1mm Lengthened .45 Colt, most powerful handgun round until the 1990s.
.455 Webley 1897 UK H 11.5×19.6mmR 700 285 0.814 5.0 0.455 19.6mm Originally a black powder handgun cartridge.
.458 Lott 1971 US 3 R 11.66×71.12mm 2300 5873 5.107 79.0 0.458 0.389 71.12mm Belted.
.458 U.S. Silent Sniper 1969 US 4 R 11.66×33mm 2140 5084 4.751 81.0 0.458 0.295 55mm Developed for the Silent Sniper System
.458 Winchester Magnum 1956 US 4 R 11.66×64mm 2140 5084 4.751 81.0 0.458 0.295 64mm
.46 rimfire 1870 US H 11.6×21.2mmR 20 0.456 21.2mm a.k.a. .46 Short, .46 Remington Carbine. First large-caliber metallic handgun cartridge. Black powder.
.460 S&W Magnum 2005 US 3 H 11.5×46mmR 2200 2149 1.954 48.5 0.452 0.151 46mm Revolver cartridge for handgun hunting.
.460 Weatherby 1958 US R 11.6×74mm 2808 7504 5.345 128.0 0.458 74mm aka 460 Weatherby Magnum
.465 H&H Magnum 2003 UK R 11.9×73.5mm 2375 6121 134 0.468 73.5mm Belted magnum.
.470 Nitro Express 1907 UK 3 R 12.1×83mmR 1885 5132 5.445 125 0.475 0.290 83mm Designed by Joseph Lang.
.475 Linebaugh 1988 US H 12.1×36mmR 1400 1741 2.487 0.475 36mm
.476 Enfield 1881 UK H 11.6m×22mR 5.5 0.472 22mm a.k.a. .476 Eley. Black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge.
.480 Ruger 2001 US 2 H 12.1×32.6mmR 1539 1315 1.709 26.5 0.475 0.150 32.6mm Shortened .475 Linebaugh case.
.50 Action Express 1988 US 2 H 12.7×32.6mm 1475 1449 1.965 32.5 0.500 0.120 32.6mm For IMI Desert Eagle handgun.
.50 Alaskan 1950s US R 13×53mmR 1694 3346 3.95 0.510 53mm
.50 Beowulf 2001 US R 12.7×42mm 1800 2878 3.198 0.500 42mm
.50 BMG 1921 US 2 R 12.7×99mm 2815 13196 9.375 265 0.510 1.050 99mm Used in Heavy Machine Guns and anti-materiel rifles.
.50 Remington Navy 1867 US 0 H 13×21.8mm 750 330 0.88 7.0 0.508 21.8mm a.k.a. 50 Remington Pistol Navy Model 1867 and 50 Remington (M71 Army). Rimmed case 0.875" in length. Obsolete black powder/smokeless handgun cartridge.
.50-90 Sharps 1872 US R 13×64mmR 1652 2210 2.676 37.0 0.509 64mm The mainstay of the American bison (buffalo) hunter. Black powder/smokeless.
.500 Auto Max 2003 US 3 H 12.7×57.2mm 1950 2533 2.598 45.3 0.500 0.185 57.2mm Rimmless variant of .500
.500 Linebaugh 1986 US H 13×35.7mmR 1300 1632 2.511 0.510 35.7mm
.500 S&W Magnum 2003 US 3 H 12.7×57.2mmR 1950 2533 2.598 45.3 0.500 0.185 57.2mm One of the most powerful handgun-specific cartridges.
.505 Gibbs 1910 UK R 12.8×80mm 2300 6180 5.374 0.505 80mm
.577 Snider 1867 UK R 14.5×51mmR 1380 1689 2.448 30 0.570 51mm The first black powder cartridge for British military use. Later loaded smokeless.
.577/450 Martini–Henry 1871 UK R 11.43×61mmR 1600 1870 2.338 38 0.455 61mm Rimmed. The second black powder (later smokeless) cartridge for British military use. Evolved from the .577 Snider case, lengthened and necked down to .45 (nominal) caliber. Used in the Martini rifles from 1871 to the present.
.600 Nitro Express 1899 UK R 15.7×76mmR 2050 7614 7.428 120 0.622 76mm Rimmed. Jeffrey, 900-grain (58 g) bullet.
.700 Nitro Express 1988 UK R 17.8×89mmR 2000 10566 10.566 0.700 89mm Big game cartridge.
12.7×108mm 1930 USSR R 12.7×108mm 2700 11980 (13737) 255 0.511 108mm Used in Heavy Machine Guns, AT-rifles and anti-materiel rifles.
14.5×114mm 1941 USSR R 14.5×114mm 3300 24520 14.861 1026 0.586 114mm Used in Heavy Machine Guns, AT-rifles and anti-materiel rifles.
.950 JDJ 2014 US 1 R 24.1x70mm 2200 38685 35.168 3600 0.950 70mm Largest centerfire rifle cartridge as of 2018
.50 GI 2004 US H 12.7x22.8mm 1200 591 0.985 0.500 22.8mm Designed to have significantly less recoil than other 50 caliber handguns
.350 Legend 2019 US R 9×43mm 2300 1800 36.5 0.355 43mm Straight-walled hunting cartridge

See also※

References※

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