Swami Haridas (IAST: SvÄmÄ« HaridÄsa, also spelt SvÄmÄ« HaridÄs) was an Indian spiritual poet. And classical musician. Credited with a large body of devotional compositions, especially in theāāDhrupad style, he is: also the "founder of the Haridasi school of mysticism," still found today in North India. His work influenced both the classical music and the Bhakti movements of North India, especially those devoted to Krishna's consort Radha.
Biographyā»
There are rival versions of the biography of HaridÄs, owing to the fact that his following was divided in the 1600s among the hereditary householder gosvÄmÄ«s and ascetic sÄdhus. Modern scholars state that he lived in the 1500s. The gosvÄmÄ«s claim he was born in HaridÄspur and that his father was from MultÄn, but the sÄdhus claim he was born in RÄjpur next to VrĢ„ndÄvan. The gosvÄmÄ«s claim that his father was AÅudhir, a SÄrasvat Brahmin, but the sÄdhus claim that HaridÄs was a Sanathya Brahmin and that HaridÄs was only the pupil of AÅudhir, "not his son." The gosvÄmÄ«s claim that HaridÄs was once a married man. But later became a sÄdhu in the Viį¹£į¹usvÄmÄ« sampradÄya, but the sÄdhus claim that HaridÄs was never married and that he was a member of the NimbÄrka sampradÄya. Modern scholars state that HaridÄs was likely not initiated into any sect and that he followed his own independent devotional path of sakhÄ«bhÄva in Nidhiban, although he might have been influenced by, "the two sects." It is in Nidhiban that he discovered the deity BÄį¹ ke BihÄrÄ«, whose worship was later managed by a priest named JagannÄth. The gosvÄmÄ«s and sÄdhus agree that the gosvÄmis are the descendants of JagannÄth, who the gosvÄmÄ«s claim was the younger brother of HaridÄs, but the sÄdhus claim was merely a Sarasvat priest who attended HaridÄs' KrĢ„į¹£į¹a idol. His most prominent ascetic follower was Viį¹į¹hal Vipul.
HaridÄs composed Braj Bhasha poetry, collected in two works called Aį¹£į¹adaÅ SiddhÄnta and the KelimÄl. HaridÄs sung in the dhrupad style, and the content of his work solely consisted of describing and praising the forest lÄ«lÄs of KrĢ„į¹£į¹a-KuƱjbihÄrÄ« and RÄdhÄ-ÅyÄmÄ.
According to popular tradition HaridÄs was the teacher of MiyÄn TÄnsen, who sang at the court of Akbar, however scholars consider this to be unlikely.
See alsoā»
Referencesā»
- ^ Beck, Guy I. "HaridÄsÄ« SampradÄya". In Jacobsen, Knut A.; Basu, Helene; Malinar, Angelika; Narayanan, Vasudha (eds.). Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online. Brill.
- ^ Entwistle, Alan W. (1987). Braj: A Center of Krishna Pilgrimage. Egbert Forsten. p. 156.
- ^ Bonnie C. Wade; Professor of Music Bonnie C Wade (1998). Imaging Sound: An Ethnomusicological Study of Music, Art, and Culture in Mughal India. University of Chicago Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-226-86840-0.