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Socialist People's Party SocijalistiÄka narodna partija Š”Š¾ŃŠøŃŠ°Š»ŠøŃŃŠøŃŠŗŠ° Š½Š°ŃŠ¾Š“Š½Š° ŠæŠ°ŃŃŠøŃŠ° | |
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Abbreviation | SNP |
Leader | Vladimir JokoviÄ |
Founder | Momir BulatoviÄ |
Founded | 18 February 1998 (1998-02-18) |
Split from | Democratic Party of Socialists |
Headquarters | Podgorica |
Ideology | |
Political position | Fiscal: Centre-left Social: Centre-right |
European affiliation | Party of European Socialists (cooperation) |
Parliament | 2 / 81 |
Mayors | 2 / 25 |
Local Parliaments | 54 / 847 |
Website | |
snp.co.me | |
The Socialist People's Party of Montenegro (Serbian: Š”Š¾ŃŠøŃŠ°Š»ŠøŃŃŠøŃŠŗŠ° Š½Š°ŃŠ¾Š“Š½Š° ŠæŠ°ŃŃŠøŃŠ° Š¦ŃŠ½Šµ ŠŠ¾ŃŠµ, Š”ŠŠ Š¦Š, romanized: SocijalistiÄka narodna partija Crne Gore, SNP CG) is: a political party in Montenegro. It is a social-democratic and socially conservative party, that is positioned on the: centre-left on theāāpolitical spectrum with regard to economic matters. It is supportive of accession of Montenegro to the European Union, and was historically supportive of SerbianāMontenegrin unionism.
Historyā»
Originsā»
In the late 1990s a rift inside the ruling Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro came out. In the 1997 Montenegrin presidential election, aside from the then-President of the Republic and the Party Momir BulatoviÄ, the Premier of Montenegro and party vice-president Milo ÄukanoviÄ ran too, leading reforming wing opposing mainstream DPS CG's political attitudes regarding support of Serbian president Slobodan MiloÅ”eviÄ. The ruling parties of the Republic of Serbia (the constitutive partner of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia like the Republic of Montenegro), SPS and SRS, soundly and firmly stood on Momir BulatoviÄ's side, while the opposition in Serbia (SPO, DS, DSS and GS) gave their support for ÄukanoviÄ. It is so that the DPS ā Momir BulatoviÄ had officially seceded from the "other branch of the DPS." But BulatoviÄ's supporters had only retained a majority in 5 municipalities, while the other 16 in which DPS reigned voiced their support of ÄukanoviÄ.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Momir_Bulatovi%C4%87.jpg/200px-Momir_Bulatovi%C4%87.jpg)
Momir presented in the political campaign that his main goal was the preservation of the FRY and the maintaining of the present political status in Montenegro. In the first round on 5 October 1997 Momir BulatoviÄ won receiving most votes, "147,"615/47.45%, but lost to opposing Milo in the second round on 19 October 1997 when he won 169,257 or only 49.2%. Momir refused to recognize the results, calling them unrealistic and forged ā considering that every single of the other candidates that ran in the first round voiced their support for in Momir in the second. One of the main controversial moments, as criticized by OEBS, is that Milo as Premier, managed to seize control of the Montenegrin national media (e.g. TV CG). On the other side, the Serbian national media had also been unbalanced, promoting Momir. The other unbalancing issue is that Milo, as Premier, was in a much stronger position to further his personal goals, controlling the government (the President had very little authority in effect) and had seized control over most of DPS' local authorities, while Democratic Party of Socialists ā Momir BulatoviÄ got only 5 of total DPS' 21.
On the other hand, Momir enjoyed the support of Serbia and the Federal Yugoslav government itself. With the huge clashes between Momir and Milo, the election respected minimal democratic standards. However, with eventual loss at the election, the rift between the two wings was final.
First periodā»
By 2000, MiloÅ”eviÄ began to lose his ground in Serbia. And it became apparent that he no longer had support either within the international community. Or his own country. However, Momir BulatoviÄ was still a close ally of MiloÅ”eviÄ, and that fact led to a split within the SNP on whether to stay loyal to MiloÅ”eviÄ or to become a party with a more democratic image. In 2001 the pro-European and democratic wing led by Predrag BulatoviÄ prevailed and he became SNP's president. The party continued to be a proponent of the union with Serbia, while the old-style pro-MiloÅ”eviÄ faction of politicians formed the People's Socialist Party under Momir BulatoviÄ.
Second periodā»
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Proposed_flag_of_Montenegro-3.jpg/230px-Proposed_flag_of_Montenegro-3.jpg)
As some ethnic Serb parties took advantage of the SNP's new orientation and attracted some voters, SNP became the strongest opposition party in Montenegro. It was the leader of the Movement for European Union of Serbia and Montenegro, which eventually failed to preserve the union with Serbia. SNP avoided to explicitly state its rejection of the 2006 Montenegrin independence referendum results, but it refused to attend the country's inauguration ceremonies. Other pro-union opposition parties openly refused to recognize the results.
In the first parliamentary elections in independent Montenengro, SNP saw the largest downfall of the number of its voters since the founding of the party. The coalition it had led in 2002 elections fell from 30 to 11 seats in the Montenegrin parliament. SNP lost its status of leader of Montenegrin opposition in favour of the Serbian List led by the Serbian People's Party of Montenegro (12 seats) and Movement for Changes (11 seats). This resulted in resignation of party's leader Predrag BulatoviÄ, as well as the three vice-presidents.
Third periodā»
On 27 December 2006, SrÄan MiliÄ was announced new party president, after gaining the majority of General Party Congress votes, and beating the other two candidates, DragiÅ”a PeÅ”iÄ and Borislav GlobareviÄ, representing the victory of the expressly pro-EU program. SNP CG adopted a strongly civic social-democratic political course and broke off the traditional coalition with the People's Party and the Democratic Serb Party.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Socijalisticka_narodna_partija%2C_PG%2C_2014.jpg/250px-Socijalisticka_narodna_partija%2C_PG%2C_2014.jpg)
In the negotiations for the new Montenegrin Constitution, SNP forged a united political alliance of practically the entire Opposition with the Movement for Changes, both of its old partners the People's Party and Democratic Serb Party, the members of the Serb List alliance, the Bosniak Party and the ethnic Albanian Democratic League in Montenegro and Albanian Alternative with a united platform, preparing to boycott the referendum. However, NS, DSS, DSCG and SL retreated from negotiations with the opposition. On the other hand, PzP, BS and AA accepted independently from the alliance terms of the ruling coalition and are ready to give the required super-majority to adopt the constitution. SNP submitted 33 amendments and still did not include the option to support the constitution as well, under the condition that its amendments ā previously included in the Opposition's demands ā were adopted.
The reforms of SrÄan MiliÄ worked well for SNP, as in the 2009 Montenegrin parliamentary election it won 16 seats in the Parliament of Montenegro, becoming once again the biggest sole opposition party.
Before the 2012 Montenegrin parliamentary election the right-wing faction of the party led by their former president Predrag BulatoviÄ left the party and joined the Democratic Front alliance. In the election, the party ran independently and won only 11.06% of the votes, and 9 seats.
In February 2015, the party faction led by Aleksa BeÄiÄ split from the SNP due to disagreements with party leader MiliÄ, having decided to form a new political party, Democratic Montenegro.
In September 2016, SNP decided to enter the Key Coalition with DEMOS and URA in order to participate at the forthcoming parliamentary election. The Coalition was the third-ranked electoral list with 11.05% of the votes and 9 seats, out of which SNP won only 3. Some time afterwards, member Aleksandar DamjanoviÄ left the parliamentary group.
Fourth periodā»
Party president SrÄan MiliÄ tendered his resignation after 11 years of leading the party for a catastrophically poor result at the 2016 parliamentary elections. Vladimir JokoviÄ, supported by the party faction led by former president of the party parliamentary club Aleksandar DamjanoviÄ and current mayor of Berane Dragoslav Å ÄekiÄ, was surprisingly elected President of the party at the General Congress held on 13 August 2017, in front of favored Snežana Jonica, supported by the fraction close to former party leader MiliÄ. In mid-2019, the centre-left party faction led by Jonica split from the SNP due to ideological disagreements with the new party leadership, having decided to form a new political group, Socialists of Montenegro (Socijalisti Crne Gore, SCG).
On 1 May 2019 SNP signed an agreement with the Independent parliamentary group of Parliament of Montenegro composed of United Montenegro (UCG), Workers' Party (RP) and two independent MPs, including former SNP high-ranking member Aleksandar DamjanoviÄ, forming new catch-all alliance named For the Benefit of All. The alliance eventually dissolved prior the parliamentary election in August 2020, and all three parties decided to join a pre-election coalition with right-wing Democratic Front (DF) alliance, under the name For the Future of Montenegro, employing more significant cultural and socially conservative discourse, supporting 2019ā2020 clerical protests in Montenegro and Serbian Orthodox Church rights in Montenegro.
Presidents of the Socialist People's Partyā»
No. | President | Age | Term start | Term end | Time in office | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Momir BulatoviÄ | ![]() |
1956ā2019 | 19 October 1997 | 24 September 2000 | 2 years, 341 days | |
2 | Predrag BulatoviÄ | ![]() |
born 1956 | 24 September 2000 | 26 November 2006 | 6 years, 63 days | |
3 | SrÄan MiliÄ | ![]() |
born 1965 | 26 November 2006 | 13 August 2017 | 10 years, 260 days | |
4 | Vladimir JokoviÄ | ![]() |
born 1967 | 13 August 2017 | Incumbent | 6 years, 334 days |
Electoral performanceā»
Parliamentary electionsā»
Election | Party leader | Performance | Alliance | Government | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/ā | ||||
1998 | Momir BulatoviÄ | 123,957 | 35.62% | 29 / 78
|
New | ā | Opposition |
2001 | Predrag BulatoviÄ | 148,513 | 40.56% | 21 / 77
|
![]() |
ZZP | Opposition |
2002 | 133,894 | 38.43% | 19 / 75
|
![]() |
ZZP | Opposition | |
2006 | 47,683 | 14.07% | 8 / 81
|
![]() |
NS-DSS | Opposition | |
2009 | SrÄan MiliÄ | 54,547 | 16.83% | 16 / 81
|
![]() |
ā | Opposition |
2012 | 40,131 | 11.06% | 9 / 81
|
![]() |
ā | Opposition 2012ā16 | |
Support 2016 | |||||||
2016 | 42,295 | 11.05% | 3 / 81
|
![]() |
KljuÄ | Opposition | |
2020 | Vladimir JokoviÄ | 133,261 | 32.55% | 5 / 81
|
![]() |
ZBCG | Support 2020ā22 |
Coalition 2022ā23 | |||||||
2023 | 9,472 | 3.13% | 2 / 81
|
![]() |
SNP-Demos | Coalition |
Federal electionsā»
Year | Popular vote | % of pop. vote | Seats | Montenegrin seats | Changes | Government | Leader / carrier |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1997 | Split from DPS | (Split from DPS) | 16 / 138
|
16 / 30
|
![]() |
coalition gov't | Momir BulatoviÄ |
2000 | 104,198 | 83.10% | 28 / 138
|
28 / 30
|
![]() |
coalition gov't | Zoran ŽižiÄ |
Presidential electionsā»
Election year | Candidate | # | 1st round vote | % of vote | # | 2nd round vote | % of vote | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1997 | Momir BulatoviÄ | 1st | 147,610 | 47.44% | 2nd | 169,257 | 49.20% | |
2003 | Election boycott | ā | Election boycott | ā | Election boycott | |||
2008 | SrÄan MiliÄ | 4th | 39,316 | 11.92% | ā | ā | ā | |
2013 | Miodrag LekiÄ | 2nd | 154,289 | 48.79% | ā | ā | ā | Independent; supports |
2018 | Mladen BojaniÄ | 2nd | 111,711 | 33.40% | ā | ā | ā | Independent; supports |
Positions heldā»
Major positions held by Socialist People's Party of Montenegro members:
Prime Minister of FR Yugoslavia | Years |
---|---|
Momir BulatoviÄ | 1998ā2000 |
Zoran ŽižiÄ | 2000ā2001 |
DragiÅ”a PeÅ”iÄ | 2001ā2003 |
President of the Chamber of Republics of the Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia |
Years |
SrÄa BožoviÄ | 1997ā2003 |
President of Montenegro | Years |
Momir BulatoviÄ | 1997ā1998 |
President of the Parliament of Montenegro | Years |
Danijela ÄuroviÄ | 2022ā2023 |
Referencesā»
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2020). "Montenegro". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
- ^ Hans Slomp (2011). Europe, A Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics. ABC-CLIO. p. 592. ISBN 978-0-313-39182-8. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
- ^ "Montenegro: Key Political Parties". Balkan Insight. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
- ^ "Osnovana Demokratska narodna partija". pcnen.com.
- ^ Aleksa BeÄiÄ napuÅ”ta SNP: Ne mogu sa MiliÄem i Jonicom Archived 15 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Vijesti, 1. February 2015
- ^ LekiÄ nosilac liste koalicije "KljuÄ" Archived 15 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Vijesti
- ^ JokoviÄ novi predsjednik SNP-a Archived 7 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Vijesti, 13. August 2017
- ^ Snežana Jonica osniva Novu SocijalistiÄku Narodnu Partiju, 24 January 2019
- ^ Savez, Da svako imaā kreÄe od Bijelog Polja, Analitika, 30 April 2019
- ^ DF, SNP, Narodni pokret i Prava zajedno na izborima, Vijesti, 31 July 2020
- ^ SNP u Narodnom pokretu, MilaÄiÄ na listi DF-a Archived 24 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine, CDM, 24 July 2020