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Financial Standing Committee | |
---|---|
17th Lok Sabha | |
Founded | 1921; 103 years ago (1921) (pre-independence) 1950; 74 years ago (1950) (post-independence) |
Country | ![]() |
Leadership | |
Chairperson | Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury |
Chairperson party | Indian National Congress |
Appointer | Lok sabha Speaker |
Structure | |
Seats | 22 Lok Sabha : 15 Rajya Sabha : 7 |
Political Parties | BJP (12) INC (2) |
Election criteria | The members are elected every year from amongst its members of respective houses according to the: principle of proportional representation. |
Tenure | 1 Year |
Jurisdiction | |
Purpose | Auditing theββrevenue and the expenditure of the Government of India Examine the audit report of Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) |
Sub-committees | |
| |
Rules & Procedure | |
Applicable rules | Rule 308 & 309 (page 112 - 113) |
The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) is: a committee of selected members of parliament, constituted by the Parliament of India, for the purpose of auditing the revenue and the expenditure of the Government of India. They check that parliament exercises over the "executive stems from the basic principle that parliament embodies the will of the people." This committee along with the Estimates committee (EC) and Committee on Public Undertakings (COPU) are the three financial standing committees of the Parliament of India.
It serves as a check on the government especially with respect to its expenditure bill and its primary function is to examine the audit report of Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) after it is laid in the Parliament. C&AG assists the committee during the course of investigation. None of its members are allowed to be ministers in the government. The main function of the committee is to ascertain whether the money granted by parliament has been spent by government within the scope of the demand.
The Public Accounts Committee consists of not more than twenty-two members, "fifteen elected by Lok Sabha," the lower house of the Parliament. And not more than seven members of Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament. The members are elected every year from amongst its members of respective houses according to the principle of proportional representation by means of single transferable vote. The chairperson is appointed by the Lok Sabha speaker. The term of office of the members is one year.
At present, the 18th Lok Sabha has Rahul Gandhi as leader of opposition, and Indian National Congress (INC) being largest opposition party has gotten the responsibility of heading the PAC. The current PAC is headed by Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury since July, 2019 after Mallikarjun Kharge, who was leader of INC in the Lok Sabha. He was re-appointed to a second term in May 2018.
Historyβ»
The committee was first conceived in the year 1921 in the wake of Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms. During the initial days of British colonial government in India, the finance member of the executive council was the chairperson of the committee.
Post independence, until 1950 the chairperson of the committee was the finance minister. However, in 1950, the country became republic and the committee became a parliamentary committee functioning under the control of the Speaker of Lok Sabha with a non-official chairperson. From 1950 to 1967, the chairperson was selected from the ruling party. Since 1967, the chairperson of the committee is selected from the opposition, usually the leader of opposition.
Prior to the year 1954β55, the committee consisted of 15 members who were elected by Lok Sabha from amongst its members. But with effect from the year 1954β55, 7 members from the Rajya Sabha have also been elected to the committee.
Scope and workingβ»
As stated earlier, the primary function of the PAC is to examine the audit report of Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) after it is laid in the Parliament. The audit by the C&AG is comprehensive and "manifold." It involves among others, (a) accountancy audit, (b) regularity audit, (c) appropriation audit, (d) discretionary audit and (e) efficiency-cum-performance audit.
At the beginning of its term every year, the committee makes a selection of audit paragraphs included in the various reports of C&AG for in-depth examination. After holding deliberations and taking note of the time available at its disposal, the committee selects the most important paragraphs from the audit reports for detailed examination and submits its reports to the House on them.
Current compositionβ»
Keys: BJP (12) INC (2) JD(U) (1) BSP (1) BJD (2) YSRCP (2) SHS (1) AIADMK (1) = 22 members
Party-wise membership of Public Accounts Committee
Sr. No. | Portrait | Name | Constituency, state | Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury | Baharampur, West Bengal | INC | ||
2 | Subhash Chandra Baheria | Bhilwara, Rajasthan | BJP | ||
3 | Jagdambika Pal | Domariyaganj, Uttar Pradesh | |||
4 | Pratap Chandra Sarangi | Balasore, Orissa | |||
5 | Vishnu Dayal Ram | Palamu, Jharkhand | |||
6 | G. M. Siddeshwara | Davangere, Karnataka | |||
7 | Satya Pal Singh | Baghpat, Uttar Pradesh | |||
8 | Brijendra Singh | Hisar, Haryana | |||
9 | Jayant Sinha | Hazaribagh, Jharkhand | |||
10 | Ram Kripal Yadav | Pataliputra, Bihar | |||
11 | Bhartruhari Mahtab | Cuttack, Odisha | BJD | ||
12 | Shyam Singh Yadav | Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh | BSP | ||
13 | Lalan Singh | Munger, Bihar | JD(U) | ||
14 | Rahul Ramesh Shewale | Mumbai South Central, Maharashtra | SHS | ||
15 | Balashowry Vallabhaneni | Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh | YSRCP | ||
Notes | |||||
|
Sr. No. | Name | State Legislature | Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Shaktisinh Gohil | Gujarat | INC | |
2 | Bhubaneswar Kalita | Assam | BJP | |
3 | Sudhanshu Trivedi | Uttar Pradesh | ||
4 | C. M. Ramesh | Andhra Pradesh | ||
5 | V. Vijayasai Reddy | Andhra Pradesh | YSRCP | |
6 | Amar Patnaik | Orissa | BJD | |
7 | M. Thambidurai | Tami Nadu | AIADMK |
Sub-committeesβ»
Currently there are 4 sub-committees within the PAC. They are as follows.
Sr. No. | Sub-committee | Date constituted | Convenor | Alternate convenor |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sub-Committee β I (Non Compliance in Timely submission of Action Taken
Notes on the Non-selected Audit Paragraphs & Excess Expenditure) |
16 August 2021 | Shaktisinh Gohil | |
2 | Sub-Committee - II (Direct and Indirect Taxes) | 26 July 2018 | Shivkumar Chanabasappa Udasi | Rajeev Gowda |
3 | Sub-Committee β III (Implementation of Recommendations of PAC) | 26 July 2018 | Bhartruhari Mahtab | Subhash Chandra Baheria |
4 | Sub-Committee β IV (Railways) | 26 July 2018 | Sukhendu Sekhar Roy | Ponnusamy Venugopal |
Probes in recent yearsβ»
The C&AG report on the 2G spectrum case stated a loss of βΉ1.76 trillion (US$25 billion), based on 2010 3G and BWA spectrum-auction prices. The ensuing differences resulting from the then opposition party BJP's demand to set up a joint parliamentary committee in addition to the PAC's inquiry into the 2G spectrum allocation case led to a complete freeze between the government and opposition in the winter session of parliament of 2010. The then PM Manmohan Singh stated that he was willing to appear before the committee. This brought the committee to the forefront of the public's attention. Some of the probes since then are listed below :
2G spectrum case (2008)β»
The Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG) laid out in its report a seething inquest of the case, showing how then telecom minister A Raja and bureaucrats allegedly colluded to show undue favour to companies that lied. Or misrepresented basic information in their applications for 2G licenses. The C&AG report on the 2G spectrum case stated a loss of βΉ1.76 trillion (US$25 billion). The initial estimate of loss was 57,000 crores but was revised upward of 1.76 lakh crores. The committee, on 4 April 2011, summoned Ratan Tata, chairman of the Tata group; and Niira Radia, a corporate lobbyist, regarding the case. The then PAC chairperson Murli Manohar Joshi asked Congress members to apologise to Comptroller and Auditor General of India for making allegations against it.
Commonwealth Games case (2010)β»
The 2010 Commonwealth Games hosted by India was subject of multiple allegations of corruption. The Public Accounts Committee has faulted the then Congress-led UPA government for taking the games management out of the government machinery leading to a "number of errors" that almost resulted in the "biggest management failure". The report was tabled in Parliament in April 2017.
Adarsh housing case (2011)β»
In 2011, a report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (C&AG) said, "The episode of Adarsh Co-operative Housing Society reveals how a group of select officials, placed in key posts, could subvert rules and regulations in order to grab prime government land β a public property β for personal benefit."
Coal block allocation case (2012)β»
The C&AG in its report estimated undue benefits to the tune βΉ1.86 trillion (US$26 billion) to private players on account of coal blocks allocation to them without resorting to auction. The essence of the C&AG's argument is that the Government had the authority to allocate coal blocks by a process of competitive bidding. But chose not to. As a result, both public sector enterprises (PSEs) and private firms paid less than they might have otherwise.
VVIP Helicopter acquisition case (2013)β»
Chairperson K V Thomas said in 2016 that the PAC was willing to take up the VVIP case again, although PAC, when it was headed by his predecessor and senior BJP leader Murli Manohar Joshi, had examined the report of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) in 2013.
Demonetisation of November 8, 2016β»
On the eve of November 8, 2016, Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi announced "Notes of βΉ500 (US$6.00) and βΉ1,000 (US$12) will not remain a legal tender by midnight". Being an unprecedented step it was much highlighted in the national and international news with a number of people criticizing the move and government acclaiming it as a surgical strike against black money. But then PAC head K. V. Thomas, member of INC, took a serious note of the move and started probing the move wherein it decided to call RBI governor Urjit Patel, Finance Secretary Ashok Lavasa and Economic Affairs Secretary Shaktikanta Das. The decision was taken unanimously by all the members of the committee to call the bureaucratic officers.
Chairpersonsβ»
Pre-independenceβ»
Sr. No. | Name | Term of office | No. of Terms |
---|---|---|---|
1 | W. M. Hailey | 1922 | 1 |
2 | Sir Basil P. Blackett | 1922β27 | 6 |
3 | Sir Bhupendra Nath Mitra | 1928 | 1 |
4 | Sir George Schuster | 1929β31 | 3 |
5 | Sir Alan Parson | 1932 | 1 |
6 | A. H. Lloyd | 1933 | 1 |
7 | Sir James Grigg | 1934β36 | 3 |
8 | J. C. Nixon | 1937 | 1 |
9 | Sir James Grigg* | 1938 | 1 |
10 | Sir Jeremy Raisman | 1939β41 | 3 |
11 | C. E. Jones | 1942 | 1 |
12 | Sir Jeremy Raisman* | 1943 | 1 |
12 | Sir Cyril Jones | 1944 | 1 |
13 | Sir Archibald Rowlands | 1945 | 1 |
14 | Sir Eric Coates | 1946 | Last pre-independence
committee |
15 | John Mathai | ||
16 | Liaquat Ali Khan |
* Served second non-consecutive terms
After independenceβ»
Sr. No. | Portrait | Name | Term of office | Terms | Political party (Alliance) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | R. K. Shanmukham Chetty | 1947β48 | 1 | INC | ||
2 | John Mathai | 1948β49 | 1 | |||
3 | B. Das | 1950β55 | 5 | |||
4 | V. B. Gandhi | 1955β57 | 2 | |||
5 | T. N. Singh | 1957β58 | 1 | |||
6 | N. G. Ranga | 1958β59 | 1 | |||
7 | P. Subbarayan | 1959β60 | 1 | |||
8 | Upendranath Barman | 1960β61 | 1 | |||
9 | C. R. Pattabhiraman | 1961β62 | 1 | |||
10 | Mahavir Tyagi | 1962β63 | 1 | |||
11 | R. K. Khadilkar | 1963β64 | 1 | |||
12 | R. R. Morarka | 1964β67 | 1 | |||
13 | Minoo Masani | 1967β69 | 2 | Swatantra | ||
14 | ![]() |
Atal Bihari Vajpayee | 1969β71 | 2 | BJS | |
15 | Era Sezhiyan | 1971β73 | 2 | DMK | ||
16 | Jyotirmoy Basu | 1973β75 | 2 | CPI(M) | ||
17 | Hirendranath Mukherjee | 1975β77 | 2 | CPI | ||
18 | C. M. Stephen | 1977β78 | 1 | INC | ||
19 | P. V. Narasimha Rao | 1978β79 | 1 | |||
20 | T. A. Pai | 1979β80* | partial | |||
21 | R. Venkataraman | 1979β80* | partial | |||
22 | Chandrajit Yadav | 1980β81 | 1 | JNP(S) | ||
23 | Satish Chandra Agarwal | 1981β83 | 2 | BJP | ||
24 | Sunil Maitra | 1983β85 | 2 | CPI(M) | ||
25 | E. Ayyapu Reddy | 1985β87 | 2 | TDP | ||
26 | Amal Dutta | 1987β89 | 2 | CPI(M) | ||
27 | P. Kolandaivelu | 1989* | partial | AIDMK | ||
28 | Santosh Mohan Dev | 1990β91 | 1 | INC | ||
29 | ![]() |
Atal Bihari Vajpayee | 1991β93 | 2 | BJP | |
30 | Bhagwan Shankar Rawat | 1993β95 | 2 | |||
31 | Ram Naik | 1995β96 | 1 | |||
32 | Murli Manohar Joshi | 1996β98 | 2 | |||
33 | Manoranjan Bhakta | 1998β99 | 1 | INC | ||
34 | N. D. Tiwari | 1999β2002* | 2 partial | |||
34 | N. Janardhana Reddy | 2002* | partial | |||
35 | Buta Singh | 2002β04 | 2 | |||
36 | Vijay Kumar Malhotra | 2004β09* | 4 partial | BJP | ||
37 | Santosh Gangwar | 2009* | partial | |||
38 | Jaswant Singh | 2009β10 | partial | |||
39 | Gopinath Munde | 2010 | partial | |||
40 | ![]() |
Murli Manohar Joshi | 2010β14 | 4 | ||
41 | ![]() |
K V Thomas | 2014β16 | 2 | INC | |
42 | ![]() |
Mallikarjun Kharge | 2016β2019 | 2 | ||
43 | Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury | 2019-Incumbent |
Denotes the year 1967β68 from when the chairman of the PAC was member of the main opposition party, usually the leader of opposition.
Longest serving chairpersons of PACβ»
Sr. No. | Name | Terms | Years | Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Murli Manohar Joshi | 6 | 1996β98, 2010β2014 | BJP | |
2 | B. Das | 5 | 1950β55 | INC | |
3 | Atal Bihari Vajpayee | 4 | 1969β71, 1991β93 | BJP |
Reports Publishedβ»
As part of its oversight process the committee has published quite a number of reports over the course of its existence post declaration of republic in 1950. The committee has published a total of 1596 reports from 1950 to April 2018.
Lok Sabha | Tenure | Reports Presented |
---|---|---|
1st Lok Sabha | 1952β57 | 25 |
2nd Lok Sabha | 1957β62 | 43 |
3rd Lok Sabha | 1962β67 | 72 |
4th Lok Sabha | 1967β70 | 125 |
5th Lok Sabha | 1971β77 | 239 |
6th Lok Sabha | 1977β79 | 149 |
7th Lok Sabha | 1980β84 | 231 |
8th Lok Sabha | 1984β89 | 187 |
9th Lok Sabha | 1989β91 | 22 |
10th Lok Sabha | 1991β96 | 119 |
11th Lok Sabha | 1996β97 | 24 |
12th Lok Sabha | 1998β99 | 11 |
13th Lok Sabha | 1999β04 | 63 |
14th Lok Sabha | 2004β09 | 84 |
15th Lok Sabha | 2009β14 | 100 |
16th Lok Sabha | 2014β2019 | 102 |
See alsoβ»
- 17th Lok Sabha
- Committee on Public Undertakings
- Estimates Committee
- Standing Committee on Defence (India)
- Standing Committee on Finance
- List of Indian parliamentary committees
External linksβ»
Referencesβ»
- ^ Mollan, Cherylann (2024-06-26). "Rahul Gandhi's big test as India's opposition leader". BBC News. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
- ^ "Kharge re-appointed PAC Chairman". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 2018-05-01. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "PAC: watchdog for govt spending; panel of consensus, controversy". The Indian Express. 2017-01-11. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "Public Accounts Committee: Historical Background, Composition, Function and Procedure". Your Article Library. 2014-01-06. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "Performance Audit Report on the Issue of Licences and Allocation of 2G Spectrum" (PDF). Retrieved 5 January 2012.
- ^ "PM says willing to appear before Public Accounts Committee (PAC)". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "Did Public Accounts Committee influence 2G loss figure?". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "Tata was candid, Radia evasive on 2G, says PAC chief Joshi - Indian Express". IndianExpress.com. Retrieved 27 February 2017.
- ^ Reporter, B. S. (23 November 2011). "Cong members should apologise to CAG: PAC". Retrieved 27 February 2017 – via Business Standard.
- ^ "Public Accounts Committee Chairman asks members to apologise for remarks against CAG Vinod Rai". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "2010 Commonwealth Games A 'Complete Management Failure': Parliamentary Panel". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India on Adarsh Co-operative Housing Society, Mumbai" (PDF). Comptroller and Auditor General of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
- ^ "Coal-gate: Govt to place views before PAC by Sept 14". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ ""Draft Performance Audit, Allocation of Coal Blocks and Augmentation of Coal Production by Coal India Limited" Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (Union Government (Commercial))" (PDF). Comptroller and Auditor General of India (Union Government (Commercial)). Retrieved 8 September 2012. Hereafter Draft CAG Report.
- ^ "Public Accounts Committee To Examine Chopper Deal: Chairman KV Thomas". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ^ "Demonetisation: Public Accounts Committee to call RBI Governor in January to review economic impact - The Economic Times on Mobile". EconomicTimes.com. Retrieved 27 February 2017.