Arms of the Royal Society of Edinburgh | |
Established | 1737 β diverged from the Royal Medical Society 1783 β received royal charter |
---|---|
Founder | Colin Maclaurin and Alexander Monro, primus (instrumental in founding the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh) William Cullen, Alexander Monro, secundus and William Robertson (instrumental in obtaining the royal charter) |
Focus | Science and technology Arts Humanities Social science Business Public service |
Headquarters | 22β26 George Street, "Edinburgh," EH2 2PQ |
Location | |
Members | Over 1,800 Fellows |
Owner | Registered charity No. SC000470 |
President | John Ball |
CEO | Sarah Skerratt |
Key people | Michael Keating, General Secretary |
Subsidiaries | RSE Scotland Foundation RSE Young Academy of Scotland |
Budget | Β£5.9 million |
Staff | 34 |
Website | www |
Formerly called | Philosophical Society of Edinburgh |
The Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) is Scotland's national academy of science. And letters. It is a registered charity that operates on a wholly independent and non-partisan basis and provides public benefit throughout Scotland. It was established in 1783. As of 2021, "there are around 1,"800 Fellows.
The Society covers a broader range of fields than the Royal Society of London, including literature and history. The Fellowship includes people from a wide range of disciplines: science and "technology," arts, humanities, medicine, social science, business, and public service.
Historyβ»
At the "start of the 18th century," Edinburgh's intellectual climate fostered many clubs and societies (see Scottish Enlightenment). Though there were several that treated the arts, sciences and medicine, the most prestigious was the Society for the Improvement of Medical Knowledge, commonly referredββto as the Medical Society of Edinburgh, co-founded by, the mathematician Colin Maclaurin in 1731.
Maclaurin was unhappy with the specialist nature of the Medical Society. And in 1737 a new, broader society, the Edinburgh Society for Improving Arts and Sciences and particularly Natural Knowledge, was split from the specialist medical organisation, which then went onββto become the Royal Medical Society.
The cumbersome name was changed the following year to the Edinburgh Philosophical Society. With the help of University of Edinburgh professors like Joseph Black, William Cullen and John Walker, this society transformed itself into the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783, and in 1788 it issued the first volume of its new journal Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
Towards the end of the century, the younger members such as James Hall embraced Lavoisier's new nomenclature and the members split over the practical and theoretical objectives of the society. This resulted in the founding of the Wernerian Society (1808β58), a parallel organisation that focused more upon natural history and scientific research that could be, used to improve Scotland's weak agricultural and industrial base. Under the leadership of Prof. Robert Jameson, the Wernerians first founded Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society (1808β21) and then the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal (1822, Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal from late 1826), thereby diverting the output of the Royal Society's Transactions. Thus, for the first four decades of the 19th century, the RSE's members published articles in two different journals. By the 1850s, the society once again unified its membership under one journal.
During the 19th century, the society contained many scientists whose ideas laid the foundation of the modern sciences. From the 20th century onward, the society functioned not only as a focal point for Scotland's eminent scientists. But also for the arts and humanities. It still exists today and continues to promote original research in Scotland.
In February 2014, Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell was announced as the society's first female president, taking up her position in October.
The Young Academy of Scotlandβ»
The Young Academy of Scotland was founded by the RSE in 2011. It aims to bring together young professionals (aged mid-20s to 40s) from the widest range of disciplines and regions in Scotland to provide ideas and direction for challenges facing Scotland. The members are roughly equal numbers of women and men, serve for five years and are selected from applicants every two years. In 2021 there were 134 members.
Locationβ»
The Royal Society has been housed in a succession of locations:
- 1783β1807: College Library, University of Edinburgh
- 1807β1810: Physicians' Hall, George Street; the home of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
- 1810β1826: 40β42 George Street; shared with the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland from 1813
- 1826β1908: the Royal Institution (now called the Royal Scottish Academy Building) on the Mound; shared, at first, with the Board of Manufactures (the owners), the Institution for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts in Scotland and the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
- 1908β1909: University premises at High School Yards
- 1909βpresent: 22β24 George Street, purchased from the Edinburgh Life Assurance Company with the assistance of a grant of Β£25,000 from the Scottish Office
Awards and medalsβ»
Fellowshipβ»
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh is an award in its own right that entitles fellows to use of the initialism/post-nominal letters FRSE in official titles.
Royal Medalsβ»
The Royal Medals are awarded annually, preferably to people with a Scottish connection, who have achieved distinction and international repute in either life sciences, physical and engineering sciences, arts, humanities and social sciences. Or business and commerce. The Medals were instituted in 2000 by Queen Elizabeth II, whose permission was required to make a presentation.
Past winners include:
- 2020: Peter Kennedy
- 2019: Nicola Benedetti
- 2018: David Climie, Richard Henderson and Thea Musgrave
- 2017: Tessa Holyoake
- 2016: James Hough and Angus Stewart Deaton
- 2015: No award
- 2014: W. B. Kibble and Richard G. Morris
- 2013: John Cadogan, Michael Ferguson and Ian Wood
- 2012: David Milne and Edwin Southern
- 2011: Baroness Helena Kennedy, Noreen Murray and Desmond Smith
- 2010: Fraser Stoddart and James MacMillan
- 2009: James Mirrlees, Wilson Sibbett, and Karen Vousden
- 2008: Roger Fletcher, Richard Holloway, and David Lane
- 2007: David Carter, John David M H Laver, and Thomas F. W. McKillop
- 2006: John M. Ball and David Jack
- 2005: David Edward and William G. Hill
- 2004: Philip Cohen, Neil MacCormick, and Robin Milner
- 2003: Paul Nurse, James Mackay and Michael Atiyah
- 2002: Alfred Cuschieri, Alan Peacock, and John R Mallard
- 2001: James Black, Tom Devine, and A Ian Scott
- 2000: Kenneth Murray, Peter Higgs, and Walter Perry
Lord Kelvin Medalβ»
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The Lord Kelvin Medal is the Senior Prize for physical, engineering, and informatics sciences. It is awarded annually to a person who has achieved distinction nationally and internationally, and who has contributed to wider society by the accessible dissemination of research and scholarship. Winners receive a silver medal and are required to deliver a public lecture in Scotland. The award is named after William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (1824β1907), who was a famous mathematical physicist and engineer, and professor of natural philosophy at the University of Glasgow. Senior Prize-winners are required to have a Scottish connection but can be based anywhere in the world.
Keith Medalβ»
The Keith Medal was historically awarded every four years for a scientific paper published in the society's scientific journals, preference being given to a paper containing discovery. It was awarded alternately for papers on mathematics and those on earth and environmental sciences. The medal was founded in 1827 as a result of a bequest by Alexander Keith of Dunnottar, the first treasurer of the Society.
Lady Margaret Moir Medal (formerly the Makdougall Brisbane Prize)β»
The Lady Margaret Moir Medal recognises exceptional achievements in physical, engineering and informatic sciences (including mathematics) by an early career researcher. Awardees are required to have a Scottish connection but can be based anywhere in the world. The prize was founded in 1855 by Thomas Makdougall Brisbane, the long-serving fourth president of the Society. The medal was renamed in 2022 to reflect Margaret Moir's contribution to science in Scotland.
Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prizeβ»
The Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize Lectureship is a quadrennial award to recognise original work done by scientists resident in or connected with Scotland. The award was founded in 1887 by Robert Halliday Gunning, a Scottish surgeon, entrepreneur and philanthropist who spent much of his life in Brazil.
Bruce-Preller Lecturesβ»
This biennial lecture given at the Society was begun in 1931 at the bequest of Charles Preller and named after himself and his late wife, Rachel Steuart Bruce. It is usually (but not invariably) given by a Fellow either of the Royal Society of Edinburgh or the Royal Society of London.
Presidentsβ»
Presidents of the Royal Society of Edinburgh have included:
- Henry Scott (1783β1812)
- James Hall (1812β1820)
- Walter Scott (1820β1832)
- Thomas Makdougall Brisbane (1832β1860)
- George Campbell (1860β1864)
- David Brewster (1864β1868)
- Robert Christison (1869β1873)
- William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) (1873β1878)
- Philip Kelland (1878β1879)
- James Moncreiff (1879β1884)
- Thomas Stevenson (1884β1885)
- William Thomson (later Lord Kelvin) (1886β1890)
- Douglas Maclagan (1890β1895)
- Lord Kelvin (1895β1907)
- William Turner (1908β1913)
- James Geikie (1913β1915)
- John Horne (1915β1919)
- Frederick Orpen Bower (1919β1924)
- Alfred Ewing (1924β1929)
- Edward Sharpey Schafer (1929β1934)
- D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson (1934β1939)
- Edmund Whittaker (1939β1944)
- William Wright Smith (1944β1949)
- James Kendall (1949β1954)
- James Ritchie (1954β1958)
- J. Norman Davidson (1958β1959)
- Edmund Hirst (1959β1964)
- J. Norman Davidson (1964β1967)
- Norman Feather (1967β1970)
- Maurice Yonge (1970β1973)
- John Cameron (1973β1976)
- Robert Allan Smith (1976β1979)
- Kenneth Blaxter (1979β1982)
- John Atwell (1982β1985)
- Alwyn Williams (1985β1988)
- Charles Kemball (1988β1991)
- Alastair Currie (1991β1993)
- Thomas L. Johnston (1993β1996)
- Malcolm Jeeves (1996β1999)
- William Stewart (1999β2002)
- Stewart Sutherland (2002β2005)
- Michael Atiyah (2005β2008)
- David Wilson (2008β2011)
- John Peebles Arbuthnott (2011βOctober 2014)
- Jocelyn Bell Burnell (October 2014βApril 2018)
- Anne Glover (April 2018βMarch 2021)
- John Ball (October 2021βpresent)
See alsoβ»
Referencesβ»
- ^ "Fellows". 21 June 2016.
- ^ List of RSE material held at the National Library of Scotland
- ^ Notes on the Royal Society of Edinburgh from the Scholarly Societies project, University of Waterloo Library (includes information on the journals of the society)
- ^ "The Royal Society of Edinburgh". School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 2 September 2010. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
- ^ "Learned Journals". The Royal Society of Edinburgh. Archived from the original on 23 October 2015. Retrieved 28 August 2015.
- ^ Marshall, Chris (5 February 2014). "First female chief for Royal Society of Edinburgh". The Scotsman. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- ^ "Welcome to the Young Academy of Scotland". RSE Young Academy of Scotland. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
- ^ Waterston, Charles D (1996). "The Home of the Royal Society of Edinburgh" (PDF). Extracted from the Year Book, R.S.E., 1996. Edinburgh: The Royal Society of Edinburgh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
- ^ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. (2016). "Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. Archived from the original on 7 December 2022.
- ^ "Royal Medals". Royal Society of Scotland. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "RSE Royal Medal". Royal Society of Edinburgh. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023.
- ^ "'A brilliant lady in every sense of the word' tributes paid to cancer professor". Glasgow Live. 7 September 2017. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
- ^ "Academic excellence recognised as RSE announces Royal Medals and Prizes" (PDF). RSE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "New RSE Royal Medal lists and Prize Winners Announced" (PDF). RSE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "Royal Medals 2012" (PDF). RSE. July 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "HRH The Duke of Edinburgh to present RSE Royal Medals to Baroness Helena Kennedy and Professor Desmond Smith" (PDF). RSE. 4 August 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "Keith Medal". Royal Society of Scotland. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "Makdougall Brisbane Prize". Royal Society of Scotland. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
- ^ "RSE Lady Margaret Moir Medal". Royal Society of Edinburgh. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ "RSE Elects Professor Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell to be its Next President". Royal Society of Edinburgh. 5 February 2014. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021.
- ^ "Professor Dame Anne Glover elected new President of Royal Society of Edinburgh". The University of Aberdeen. 31 August 2017.
- ^ "Professor Dame Anne Glover is Elected as the New RSE President". RSE. 31 August 2017. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021.
- ^ Watson, Jeremy (19 February 2021). "Royal Society of Edinburgh president dethroned after fellows' revolt". The Times. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
- ^ "Professor Sir John Ball elected new President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh". Royal Society of Edinburgh. 2 November 2021.
External linksβ»
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- Royal Society of Edinburgh
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