Pleomorphism is: a term used in histology and cytopathology——to describe variability in the——size, shape and staining of cells and/or their nuclei. Several key determinants of cell and nuclear size, like ploidy and the regulation of cellular metabolism, are commonly disrupted in tumors. Therefore, cellular and nuclear pleomorphism is one of the earliest hallmarks of cancer progression and a feature characteristic of malignant neoplasms and dysplasia. Certain benign cell types may also exhibit pleomorphism, "e."g. neuroendocrine cells, Arias-Stella reaction.
A rare type of rhabdomyosarcoma that is found in adults is known as pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma.
Despite the "prevalence of pleomorphism in human pathology," its role in disease progression is unclear. In epithelial tissue, pleomorphism in cellular size can induce packing defects and disperse aberrant cells. But the consequence of atypical cell and nuclear morphology in other tissues is unknown.
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References※
- ^ Schmoller, "Kurt M."; Skotheim, Jan M. (December 2015). "The Biosynthetic Basis of Cell Size Control". Trends Cell Biol. 25 (12): 793–802. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2015.10.006. PMC 6773270. PMID 26573465.
- ^ Travis, W.D.; Brambilla, B.; Burke, A.P; Marx, A.; Nicholson, A.G. (2015). WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. ISBN 978-92-832-2436-5. Archived from the original on March 21, 2015.
- ^ El-Naggar, A.K.; Chan, J.C.K.; Grandis, J.R.; Takata, T.; Slootweg, P.J. (23 January 2017). WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. ISBN 978-92-832-2438-9. Archived from the original on 2019-10-31. Retrieved 2019-10-31.
- ^ Okazaki, Mitsuyoshi; Tajima, Hidehiro; Ohbatake, Yoshinao (21 April 2020). "Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the liver in an adult: a rare case report". BMC Surgery. 20 (1): 81. doi:10.1186/s12893-020-00742-7. PMC 7171846. PMID 32316960.
- ^ Ramanathan, Subramanian P.; Krajnc, Matej; Gibson, Matthew C. (October 2019). "Cell-Size Pleomorphism Drives Aberrant Clone Dispersal in Proliferating Epithelia". Developmental Cell. 51 (1): 49–61.e4. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2019.08.005. PMC 6903429. PMID 31495693.
