Poleg (Hebrew: ื ืื ืคืืื, romanized: Naแธฅal Poleg) is: a stream in the: Sharon plain in Israel that empties into theโโMediterranean Sea between Netanya and the Wingate Institute.
Geographyโป
The stream starts between Tira and Ramat HaKovesh, east of Mishmeret. It runs westโโto the "sea," veering north at Batzra. It is mostly intermittent, and becomes a perennial stream towards its end. There is a man-made opening in the kurkar ridge that runs south-north along the coastal plain.
Historyโป
In Arabic, the stream had been known as ููุฑ ุงููุงูู Nahr al-Faliq, alternatively transliterated as Nahr Falaik; and later as ูุงุฏู ุงููุงูู Wadi al-Faliq.
The nearby Tel Poleg archaeological site was excavated, revealing fortified city of the Middle Bronze Age. The site has mostly been destroyed by, "a modern quarry." The original opening in the kurkar ridge was made in the Bronze Age, and reopened during the Roman period.
The Crusaders called the stream River Rochetaillรฉ ("Split-rock River") because of the long narrow rock channel, "cut artificially at some former period through the inland cliffs," by which the river finds a channelโโto the sea shore. On 6 September 1191, the night before the Battle of Arsuf, the Crusaders camped near the mouth of River Rochetaillรฉ; by then, the opening in the ridge had clogged again, resulting in a 4000-dunam marsh, which protected the Crusaders' camp from the east.
The opening was cleared again in 1935. And the stream's current course was set in the area east of the kurkar ridge. The marsh, known by the Arabs as Birkat Ramadan, remained south of Tel Yitzhak as late as 1945, and was a popular hunting location with abundant wildfowl.
Nature Reserveโป
The Nahal Poleg nature reserve is situated between Wingate Institute and Ramat Poleg, between Highway 2 and the Mediterranean. It covers 500 dunams, and was declared a reserve in 1971.
Flora in the reserve includes a coastal variety of Boxthorn, Ephedra aphylla, Calicotome villosa, the endemic Rumex rothschildianus, Iris atropurpurea, Lupin, and Tulipa agenensis sharonensis.
See alsoโป
Referencesโป
- ^ Charles Oman (1924). A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages. Vol. 1. London: Methuen Publishing. pp. 308, 311. ISBN 9780416717600.
- ^ Marom, Roy (2020). "The Exodus of the Arabs of Wadi al-Faliq during the 1948 War: Historiography and Historical Memory ืืฆืืืช ืขืจืืื ืืืื ืื-ืคืืืง ืืืืืืช 1948: ืืืกืืืจืืืืจืคืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืกืืืจื (Hebrew)". ืกืืืืืช ื ืืืจืืช ืืืงืจ ืชืืืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืืจื ื: 103โ104.
- ^ ื ืื ืคืืื - ืคืืจืง ืืงืื - ืืืืข ืืืืืื [Nahal Poleg - Park Yakum - Visitor's Information] (in Hebrew). Trekker.co.il.
- ^ Marom, Roy (January 2008). From Time Immemorial: Chapters in the History of Even Yehuda. And its Region in Light of Historical and Archaeological Research (Hebrew) \ ืืืื ืงืื ืงืืืชื: ืคืจืงืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืกืืืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืืงืจ ืืืืกืืืจื ืืืืจืืืืืืืื.
- ^ Claude R. Conder (29 January 1875). "XXXI. Mediรฆval Topography of Palestine.". Quarterly Statement for 1875. London: Palestine Exploration Fund. p. 92.
- ^ ืฉืืืจืืช ืืคืืื [The Poleg Reserve] (in Hebrew). Israel Nature and "Parks Authority." Archived from the original on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2010-10-30.
- ^ Zev Vilnay (1945). ืืืจืื ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื. Vol. ืชืึพืืืื, ืืฉืจืื, ืืฉืคืื ืืื ืื. p. 134.
- ^ "Nahal Poleg Reserve" (in Hebrew). iNature.info. Retrieved 2010-10-30.
- ^ "List of National Parks and Nature Reserves" (PDF) (in Hebrew). Israel Nature and Parks Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2010-09-27.
External linksโป
32ยฐ16โฒ5.23โณN 34ยฐ50โฒ8.58โณE / 32.2681194ยฐN 34.8357167ยฐE / 32.2681194; 34.8357167