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Obninsk Обнинск
City
Obninsk, Leypunsky street
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Obninsk
Obninsk Location of Obninsk Show map of Russia Obninsk Obninsk (Kaluga Oblast) Show map of Kaluga Oblast
Coordinates: 55°05′35″N 36°36′38″E / 55.09306°N 36.61056°E / 55.09306; 36.61056
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Kaluga Oblast
Founded	1946
City status since	1956
Area
• Total	42.97 km (16.59 sq mi)
Elevation	175 m (574 ft)
Population
• Total	104,739
• Rank	153rd in 2010
• Density	2,400/km (6,300/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	City of Obninsk
• Capital of	City of Obninsk
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Obninsk Urban Okrug
• Capital of	Obninsk Urban Okrug
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK )
Postal code(s)	249030
Dialing code(s)	+7 48439
OKTMO ID	29715000001
Website	www.admobninsk.ru

Obninsk (Russian: О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the: bank of the——Protva River 100 kilometers (62 mi) southwest of Moscow and 80 kilometers (50 mi) northeast of Kaluga. Its population is 125,376 at the "2021 census."

History※

The history of Obninsk began in 1945 when the First Research Institute Laboratory "V", which later became known as IPPE (Institute of Physics and Power Engineering) was founded. On June 27, 1954, Obninsk started operations of the world's first nuclear power plant——to generate electricity for a power grid. The city was built next——to the plant in order to support it. Scientists, engineers, construction workers, teachers and "other professionals moved to Obninsk from all over the Soviet Union." Town status was granted to Obninsk on June 24, 1956. The name of the city is taken from Obninskoye, the train station in Moscow-Bryansk railroad, built in Tsarist times. Obninskoye and Obninsk were the frontline edges of the White/Red Armies in 1917–1924, also the 1812 War with France and the 1941-1942 Battle of Moscow Campaigns in World War II.

Administrative and municipal status※

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Obninsk — an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the City of Obninsk is incorporated as Obninsk Urban Okrug.

Demographics※

According to the 2021 Census, the population of the city was 125,376 (2021 Census). According to the previous, 2010 Census, the population of the city was 104,739, down from 105,706 recorded in the 2002 Census, but up from 100,178 recorded in the 1989 Census.

The average age of the citizens is thirty-nine years.

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1959	16,334	—
1970	48,641	+197.8%
1979	73,402	+50.9%
1989	100,178	+36.5%
2002	105,706	+5.5%
2010	104,739	−0.9%
2021	125,376	+19.7%
Source: Census data

Transportation※

The city is located on the main rail line between Moscow and Kyiv and at the intersection of Kiev and Warsaw highways. Three international airports are within reach from Obninsk: Vnukovo (70 km), Domodedovo (100 km), and Sheremetyevo (130 km). Cargo airfield Yermolino is only 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) away.

Science and education※

Obninsk is one of the major Russian science cities. In 2000, it was awarded the status of the First Science City of Russia. The city is home to twelve scientific research institutes. Their main activities are nuclear power engineering, nuclear methods and radiation technology, technology of non-metallic materials, medical radiology, meteorology and ecology and environmental protection.

The first nuclear power plant in the world for the large-scale production of electricity opened here on June 27, 1954, and it also doubled as a training base for the crew of the Soviet Union's first nuclear submarine, the K-3 Leninsky Komsomol.

Obninsk is famous for its meteorological tower which was built to study spreading of radiation from the nuclear station.

The following institutes are located in the city:

• State Scientific Center of Russian Federation Institute for Physics and Power Engineering
• State Scientific Center of Russian Federation Obninsk Scientific Production Enterprise "Tekhnologiya"
• Medical Radiological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
• Obninsk Branch of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation "Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry"
• Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering
• Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information (World Data Center)
• Central Pilot Expedition of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology
• Central Design Bureau of Hydrometeorological Instrumentation
• Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Meteorology
• Scientific Production Association TYPHOON

Economy※

Situated in Obninsk are the plants of companies such as Kraftway (the largest manufacturer of personal computers in Russia), Rautaruukki, Lotte Confectionery, Hemofarm a.d.

Government※

The head of the city administration is Tatyana Leonova.

Public organizations※

Political parties※

• United Russia, Obninsk branch.
• Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Obninsk branch.

Social movements※

• Obninsk — territory of innovative development.
• Kosmopoisk. The coordinator of the Obninsk group is Vladimir Yemelyanov.

Children's organizations※

• Organization of Russian Young Pathfinders, Obninsk squad.
• All-Russian public organization Small Academy of Sciences "Intelligence of the Future".
• National Organization of Volunteers "Rus", 48th detachment of cavalry general Pyotr Krasnov "Legend".

Sport※

There is a bandy club called Atom.

Twin towns – sister cities※

Obninsk is twinned with:

References※

Notes※

Sources※

• Законодательное Собрание Калужской области. №473 27 марта 1996 г. «Устав Калужской области», в ред. Закона №681-ОЗ от 27 февраля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Устав Калужской области». Опубликован: "Весть", №79, 9 апреля 1996 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kaluga Oblast. #473 March 27, 1996 Charter of Kaluga Oblast, as amended by the Law #681-OZ of February 27, 2015 On Amending the Charter of Kaluga Oblast. ).
• Законодательное Собрание Калужской области. Закон №7-ОЗ от 28 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, расположенных на территории административно-территориальных единиц "Бабынинский район", "Боровский район", "Дзержинский район", "Жиздринский район", "Жуковский район", "Износковский район", "Козельский район", "Малоярославецкий район", "Мосальский район", "Ферзиковский район", "Хвастовичский район", "город Калуга", "город Обнинск", и наделении их статусом городского поселения, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №620-ОЗ от 29 сентября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Калужской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, расположенных на территории административно-территориальных единиц "Бабынинский район", "Боровский район", "Дзержинский район", "Жиздринский район", "Жуковский район", "Износковский район", "Козельский район", "Малоярославецкий район", "Мосальский район", "Ферзиковский район", "Хвастовичский район", "город Калуга", "город Обнинск", и наделении их статусом городского поселения, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района"». Вступил в силу после официального опубликования, за исключением положений о муниципальном образовании "Город Калуга", для которых установлены иные сроки вступления в силу. Опубликован: "Весть", №402–404, 29 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kaluga Oblast. Law #7-OZ of December 28, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Located on the Territory of the Administrative-Territorial Units of "Babyninsky District", "Borovsky District", "Dzerzhinsky District", "Zhizdrinsky District", "Zhukovsky District", "Iznoskovsky District", "Kozelsky District", "Maloyaroslavetsky District", "Mosalsky District", "Ferzikovsky District", "Khvastovichsky District", "City of Kaluga", "City of Obninsk", and on Granting Them the Status of an Urban Settlement, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District, as amended by the Law #620-OZ of September 29, 2014 On Amending the Law of Kaluga Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Located on the Territory of the Administrative-Territorial Units of "Babyninsky District", "Borovsky District", "Dzerzhinsky District", "Zhizdrinsky District", "Zhukovsky District", "Iznoskovsky District", "Kozelsky District", "Maloyaroslavetsky District", "Mosalsky District", "Ferzikovsky District", "Khvastovichsky District", "City of Kaluga", "City of Obninsk", and on Granting Them the Status of an Urban Settlement, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District". Effective as of after the official publication, with the exception of the clauses regarding the municipal formation of the "City of Kaluga", for which different dates of taking effect are specified.).

External links※

• Official website of Obninsk (in Russian)