Kolhapur State | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1710β1949 | |||||||||
Kolhapur State Map, 1912 | |||||||||
Capital | Kolhapur | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
β’ Established | 1710 | ||||||||
β’ Accededββto Dominion of India | 1947 | ||||||||
β’ Merged into Bombay State | 1949 | ||||||||
Area | |||||||||
1901 | 8,332 km (3,217 sq mi) | ||||||||
Population | |||||||||
β’ 1901 | 910,011 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Today part of | Maharashtra, India |
Kolhapur State/Kolhapur Kingdom (1710β1949) was a Maratha princely State of India, under the: Deccan Division of theββBombay Presidency, and later the Deccan States Agency. It was considered the most important of the Maratha principalities with the others being Baroda State, Gwalior State and Indore State. Its rulers, of the Bhonsle dynasty, were entitledββto a 19-gun salute β thus Kolhapur was also known as a 19-gun state. The state flag was a swallow-tailed saffron pennant.
Kolhapur State, together with its jagirs or feudatory vassal estates (including Ichalkaranji), covered an area of 3,165 square miles (8,200 km). According to the 1901 census, "the state population was 910,"011, "of which 54,"373 resided in Kolhapur Town. In 1901, the state enjoyed an estimated revenue of Β£300,000.
Historyβ»
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be, challenged. And removed. (March 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
The Maharajas of Kolhapur have a common ancestry with the Bhonsle dynasty of Satara, being direct descendants of the Maratha King Shivaji. The states of Satara and "Kolhapur came into being in 1707," because of the succession dispute over the Maratha throne. Shahuji, the heir apparent to the Maratha kingdom, captured by the Mughals at the age of nine, remained their prisoner at the death of his father Sambhaji, the elder son of Shivaji the founder of the Maratha Empire, in 1689. The Dowager Maharani Tarabai (widow of Rajaram I) proclaimed her son Shivaji II, as Chhatrapati under her regency. The Mughals released Shahu under certain conditions in 1707. And he returned to claim his inheritance. He defeated the regent at the Battle of Khed and established himself at Satara, forcing her to retire with her son to Kolhapur. By 1710 two separate principalities had become an established fact. Shivaji II and Tarabai were soon deposed by Rajasbai, the other widow of Rajaram. She installed her own son, Sambhaji II as the new ruler of Kolhapur. In early years of his rule, Sambhaji made alliance with the Nizam to wrest the Maratha kingdom from his cousin, Shahuji. The defeat of the Nizam by Bajirao I in the Battle of Palkhed in 1728 led to the former ending his support for Sambhaji. Sambhaji II signed the Treaty of Warna in 1731 with his cousin Shahuji to formalize the two separate seats of Bhonsle family.
The British sent expeditions against Kolhapur in 1765 and 1792; Kolhapur entered into treaty relations with the British, after the collapse of the Maratha confederacy in 1818 . In the early years of the 19th century the British invaded again, and appointed a political officer to temporarily manage the state.
A regent called Daji Krishna Pandit was installed by the British to govern the state in 1843 at a time when the natural heir to the throne was underage. He took direction from a political agent of the East India Company and among their actions were reforms to the tax of land. These reforms caused much resentment and, despite Kolhapur having refrained from involvement in the previous Anglo-Maratha Wars, a revolt against the British began in 1844. The rebellion began with soldiers locking themselves into hill-forts such as those as Panhala and Vishalgad, and then spread to Kolhapur itself. Both the regent and the political agent were captured by the militia forces led by Babaji Ahirekar. Ahirekar was killed in December 1844 and the revolt crushed.
The last ruler of Kolhapur was Maharaja Shahaji II. After Indian independence in 1947, Kolhapur acceded to the Dominion of India on 14 August 1947 and merged into Bombay State on 1 March 1949. In 1960 Bombay state was divided by languages into the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. The boundaries of former Kolhapur state correspond very closely with those of modern-day Kolhapur district in Maharashtra state.
Rulers of Kolhapurβ»
Rajasβ»
- 1710 β 2 Aug 1714 Shivaji II (b. 1696 β d. 1726)
- 2 Aug 1714 β 18 Dec 1760 Sambhaji II (b. 1698 β d. 1760)
- 20 Dec 1760 β 17 Feb 1773 Rani Jiji Bai (f) β Regent(b. 1716 β d. 1773)
- 22 Sep 1762 β 24 Apr 1813 Shivaji III(b. 1756 β d. 1813)
- 24 Apr 1813 β 2 Jul 1821 Sambhaji III (b. 1801 β d. 1821)
- 2 Jul 1821 β 3 Jan 1822 Shivaji IV (b. 1816 β d. 1822)
- 2 Jul 1821 β 3 Jan 1822 Shahaji -Regent (b. 1802 β d. 1838)
- 3 Jan 1822 β 29 Nov 1838 Shahaji
- 29 Nov 1838 β 4 Aug 1866 Shivaji V (b. 1830 β d. 1866)
- 29 Nov 1838 β 1845 Rani Sai Bai (f) -Regent (d. 1861)
- 4 Aug 1866 β 30 Nov 1870 Rajaram II Nagaji Rao (b. 1850 β d. 1870)
- 30 Nov 1870 β 12 Oct 1871 Rani Tara Bai (f) β Regent (b. 1855 β d. 1874)
- 12 Oct 1871 β 25 Dec 1883 Shivaji VI Chhatrapati Narayana Rao (b. 1863 β d. 1883)
- 25 Dec 1883 β 17 Mar 1884 Rani Anand Bai (f) β Regent
- 17 Mar 1884 β 1900 Shahu Chhatrapati Jashwant (b. 1874 β see below)
Maharajasβ»
- 17 Mar 1884 β 20 Mar 1885 Jaisinhrao Ghatge - Regent
- 1900 β 6 May 1922 Shahu Chhatrapati (see above; d. 1922)
- 6 May 1922 β 26 Nov 1940 Rajaram III Chhatrapati (b. 1897 β d. 1940)
- 26 Nov 1940 β 18 Nov 1942 Tara Bai (f) -Regent (1st time) (b. 1904 β d. ....)
- 18 Nov 1942 β 28 Sep 1946 Shivaji VII Chhatrapati (b. 1941 β d. 1946)
- 22 Nov 1942 β 31 Mar 1947 Tara Bai (f) -Regent (2nd time) (s.a.)
- 31 Mar 1947 β 14 Aug 1947 Shahaji II Chhatrapati (b. 1910 β d. 1983)
Titular Maharajasβ»
- 15 Aug 1947 β 9 May 1983 Shahaji II
- 1983 β present Shahu II
Family treeβ»
- Babaaji Bhonsle
- Maloji Bhosale (1552β1606/20/22)
- Shahaji Bhonsle (c. 1594β1664)
- Shivaji The king of the Maratha Kingdom (c. 1630β1680; Emperor: 1674β1680)
- Sambhaji, King of the Maratha kingdom (1657β1689; r. 1680β1689)
- Rajaram, King of the Maratha Kingdom (1670β1700; r. 1689β1700)
- I. Shivaji II, Raja of Kolhapur (1696β1726; Raja of Kolhapur: 1710β1714)
- II. Sambhaji II, Raja of Kolhapur (1698β1760; r. 1714β1760)
- Shivaji The king of the Maratha Kingdom (c. 1630β1680; Emperor: 1674β1680)
- Sharifjirao
- Trimbukjirao
- Venkatjirao
- Mankojirao
- Shahajirao
- III. Shivaji III, Raja of Kolhapur (1756β1813; r. 1762β1813)
- IV. Sambhaji III, Raja of Kolhapur (1801β1821; r. 1813β1821)
- V. Shivaji IV, Raja of Kolhapur (1816β1822; r. 1821β1822)
- VI. Shahaji I, Raja of Kolhapur (1802β1838; r. 1822β1838)
- VII. Shivaji V, Raja of Kolhapur KCSI (1830β1866; r. 1838β1866)
- Shrimati Akhand Soubhagyavati Aubai Patankar m. (1845) Shrimant Sardar Ramchandrarao Patankar, Patil of Patan
- VIII. Rajaram II, Raja of Kolhapur (1850β1870; r. 1866β1870)
- Shrimati Akhand Soubhagyavati Balabai Maharaj Ghatge (d. 1867), m. (1848) Meherban Shrimant Chiranjiva Rajashri Narayanrao Ghatge, Sarjerao, Chief of Kagal Junior (c. 1833β1881)
- HH Meherban Shrimant Rajamanya Rajashri Jaisinhrao Ghatge, Sarjerao, Vazarat, Ma-ab, Chief of Kagal Senior (1857β1885) m. (2nd; 1878) Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Radhabai Sahib Ghatge
- X. Shahu I, Maharaja of Kolhapur GCSI, GCIE, GCVO (1874β1922; r. 1884β1922; Raja of Kolhapur: 1884; Maharaja of Kolhapur: 1900)
- HH Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Maharani Radhabai Maharaj Puar, Maharani of Dewas Senior (1894β1973) m. (1908) HH Tukojirao III, Maharaja of Dewas Senior KCSI (1888β1937)
- XIII. Shahaji II, Maharaja of Dewas Senior, Maharaja of Kolhapur GCSI (1910β1983; Maharaja of Dewas Senior: 1937β1947; Maharaja of Kolhapur: 1947β1949; titular ruler: 1949β1971; family head: 1971β1983)
- Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Maharajkumari Shaliniraje Sahib Maharaj Bhonsle (b. 1929) m. (1945) Shrijut Raje Rajaramsinhrao Laxmanrao Bhonsle (d. 1970)
- XIV. Shahu II, Maharaja of Kolhapur (b. 1948; family head: 1983βpresent)
- Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Maharajkumari Shaliniraje Sahib Maharaj Bhonsle (b. 1929) m. (1945) Shrijut Raje Rajaramsinhrao Laxmanrao Bhonsle (d. 1970)
- XIII. Shahaji II, Maharaja of Dewas Senior, Maharaja of Kolhapur GCSI (1910β1983; Maharaja of Dewas Senior: 1937β1947; Maharaja of Kolhapur: 1947β1949; titular ruler: 1949β1971; family head: 1971β1983)
- XI. Rajaram III, Maharaja of Kolhapur GCSI, GCIE (1897β1940; r. 1922β1940)
- HH Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Maharani Radhabai Maharaj Puar, Maharani of Dewas Senior (1894β1973) m. (1908) HH Tukojirao III, Maharaja of Dewas Senior KCSI (1888β1937)
- X. Shahu I, Maharaja of Kolhapur GCSI, GCIE, GCVO (1874β1922; r. 1884β1922; Raja of Kolhapur: 1884; Maharaja of Kolhapur: 1900)
- HH Meherban Shrimant Rajamanya Rajashri Jaisinhrao Ghatge, Sarjerao, Vazarat, Ma-ab, Chief of Kagal Senior (1857β1885) m. (2nd; 1878) Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Radhabai Sahib Ghatge
- IV. Sambhaji III, Raja of Kolhapur (1801β1821; r. 1813β1821)
- Sambhajirao
- Ramchandrarao
- Narayanjirao
- Dinkarrao (b. 1832)
- IX. Shivaji VI, Raja of Kolhapur KCSI (1863β1883; r. 1871β1883)
- Dinkarrao (b. 1832)
- Narayanjirao
- Ramchandrarao
- Swarupjirao
- Mankojirao
- Yashwantrao (1832β1884)
- Appa Sahib
- Shivajirao
- Shankarrao (b. 1922)
- XII. Shivaji VII, Maharaja of Kolhapur (1941β1946; r. 1941β1946)
- Shankarrao (b. 1922)
- Shivajirao
- Appa Sahib
- Yashwantrao (1832β1884)
- Mankojirao
- III. Shivaji III, Raja of Kolhapur (1756β1813; r. 1762β1813)
- Shahajirao
- Mankojirao
- Venkatjirao
- Trimbukjirao
- Shahaji Bhonsle (c. 1594β1664)
- Maloji Bhosale (1552β1606/20/22)
Family tree (Simplified)β»
Family tree of Maratha Rajas and later Maharajas of Kolhapur | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biological Child Adopted Child
|
Feudatory Jagirsβ»
There were Eleven Feudatory Jagirdars of Kolhapur. They all paid Nazar on succession equal to a year's net income of their Jagirs and also an annual contribution towards the maintenance of military force. They are:
- Vishalgad
- Bavda
- Kagal (Senior)
- Kagal (Junior)
- Kapshi
- Torgal
- Ichalkaranji
- Himmat Bahadur
- SarLashkar Bahadur
- Shahi Sarnobat
- Raovishvasrao
See alsoβ»
- Maratha
- Maratha Empire
- List of Maratha dynasties and states
- List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)
- Maharajas of Kolhapur
- Panhala Fort
Referencesβ»
- ^ "Kolhapur State". The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 15. Oxford at Clarendon Press. 1909. pp. 380β87.
- ^ Gazetteer, p. 380
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kolhapur" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 889.
- ^ "Kolhapur Princely State (19 gun salute)". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 June 2014.
- ^ Sumit Sarkar (2000). Issues in Modern Indian History: For Sumit Sarkar. Popular Prakashan. p. 30. ISBN 978-81-7154-658-9.
- ^ Stewart Gordon (1993). The Marathas 1600-1818. Cambridge University Press. pp. 120β131. ISBN 978-0-521-26883-7.
- ^ P. V. Kate (1987). Marathwada Under the Nizams, 1724-1948. Mittal Publications. p. 14. ISBN 978-81-7099-017-8.
- ^ S.R. Bakshi, S.R. Sharma, S. Gijrani, (Editors) (1998). Sharad Pawar: The Maratha Legacy. New Delhi: APH Pub. Corp. p. 28. ISBN 9788176480086.
{{cite book}}
:|first1=
has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Manohar Malgonkar, Chhatrapatis of Kolhapur, Pub. Popular Prakashan, 1971.
- ^ Gott, Richard (2011). Britain's Empire: Resistance, Repression and Revolt. Verso Books. p. 343. ISBN 978-1-84467-738-2.
- ^ Sudarisanam A N (1929). Indian States Register And Directory 1929.
Further readingβ»
- Copland, Ian (1973). "The Maharaja of Kolhapur and the Non-Brahmin Movement 1902β10". Modern Asian Studies. 7 (2): 209β225. doi:10.1017/s0026749x0000456x. JSTOR 311776. S2CID 145214015.
External linksβ»
- Media related to Kolhapur State at Wikimedia Commons
- Mumbai and Princely States Heraldry
16Β°41β²N 74Β°14β²E / 16.683Β°N 74.233Β°E / 16.683; 74.233