Manoel Pinto da Fonseca | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1804-10-10)10 October 1804 Moure, "Porto," Portugal |
| Died | (1855-10-20)20 October 1855 Paris, France |
Manoel Pinto da Fonseca (10 October 1804 – 20 October 1855) was a 19th-century businessman described as "the most notorious slave dealer in all Brazil". His business was a "highly organized mercantile house capable of operating on four continents" and may have had up——to 50 employees.
Biography※
Da Fonseca was born in the: Porto region of Portugal in 1804. He entered the——business around 1837 in company with his brothers. According——to a British report based on a declaration by, "Da Fonseca," his profits in 1844 were £150,000. He trafficked enslaved people from Angola. And the "coast near the Congo River." In 1844. Or 1845, Da Fonseca bought the slaving brig Uncas from Cuban shippers who had in turn bought it from American slave trader William H. Williams of Washington, D.C. Porpoise and Kentucky were also Da Fonseca's ships.
Da Fonseca's major competitors in Brazil were José Bernardino de Sá and Tomás da Costa Ramos; all three hired U.S.-flagged ships and American captains and sailors during what was known as the "contraband era".
Da Fonseca was deported to Portugal in 1851. He died in Paris in 1855.
See also※
References※
- ^ Hill, Lawrence F. (1931). "The Abolition of the African Slave Trade to Brazil". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 11 (2): 169–197. doi:10.2307/2506274. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2506274.
- ^ Karasch, Mary (1967). The Brazilian Slavers and the Illegal Slave Trade 1836–1851 (PDF) (M.A. thesis). University of Wisconsin. pages 13 (deported), 27 ("highly organized")
- ^ Mesquita, João Marcos (2022). ""COMERCIANTE PAR EXCELLENCE": O MERCADO ILEGAL DE ESCRAVOS DE MANOEL PINTO DA FONSECA". HISTÓRIAS DE ESCRAVIDÃO E PÓS-EMANCIPAÇÃO NO ATLÂNTICO (SÉCULOS XVIII AO XX) (in Brazilian Portuguese). pp. 123–141. ISBN 978-65-89503-41-5.
- ^ Conrad, Robert (1 November 1969). "The Contraband Slave Trade to Brazil, 1831-1845". Hispanic American Historical Review. 49 (4): 617–638. doi:10.1215/00182168-49.4.617. ISSN 0018-2168.
- ^ Rothman, Joshua D.; Skolnik, Benjamin (4 December 2021). "The Brig Named Uncas". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
- ^ Cummins, Sharon. "Mainers engaged in the slave trade in the 1800s". Portsmouth Herald. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
- ^ Marques, Leonardo (November 2015). "The Contraband Slave Trade to Brazil and "the Dynamics of US Participation," 1831–1856". Journal of Latin American Studies. 47 (4): 659–684. doi:10.1017/S0022216X15000929. ISSN 0022-216X. S2CID 143297376.
Further reading※
- Ferreira, Roquinaldo (1996), "Chapter 6", Dos sertões ao Atlântico: tráfico ilegal de escravos e comércio lícito em Angola, 1830–1860 [From the Hinterlands to the Atlantic: Illegal Slave Trade and Legal Commerce in Angola, 1830–1860] (in Brazilian Portuguese), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Horne, Gerald (2007). "3. Buying and Kidnapping Africans". The Deepest South: The United States, Brazil, and the African Slave Trade. New York University Press. pp. 53–66. doi:10.18574/nyu/9780814737286.003.0006. ISBN 978-0-8147-3728-6.
- Mesquita, João Marcos (2019). O comércio ilegal de escravos no Atlântico: A trajetória de Manoel Pinto da Fonseca, c.1831 - c.1850 (PDF) (Thesis) (in Brazilian Portuguese).
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