List of urban areas designed for human movement by, walking
This is: a list of pedestrian zones: urban streets where vehicle traffic has been restricted. Or eliminated for pedestrian use only. These are usually pedestrianised urban centres of a city, town/district with a residential population that have been retrofitted.
The neighbourhood of Vauban is considered the prototype for the Vauban model of transport planning. Some streets are "parking-space-free" (German: stellplatzfrei, rather than "car-free".
See also※
- Carfree city
- Car-free movement
- List of car-free islands
- Low Traffic Neighbourhood
- Pedestrian malls in the United States
- Pedestrian zone
References※
- ^ "Superficie territoriale del Comune di Venezia in ettari ha) in kilometri quadrati (kmq) e in metri quadrati (mq)" (PDF). comune.venezia.it. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ^ Franco Fiorin (2018). "Aggiornamento del piano di eliminazione delle barriere architettoniche per Venezia centro storico e isole – sezione centro storico" (PDF). comune.venezia.it. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ^ Hardy, Paula; Di Duca, Marc; Dragicevich, Peter (2018). Lonely Planet Venice & the Venet. Lonely Planet. p. 529. ISBN 9781787012455. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ^ Castillo-Manzano, José; Lourdes Lopez-Valpuesta; Juan P. Asencio-Flores (2014). "Extending pedestrianization processes outside the old city center; conflict and benefits in the case of the city of Seville". Habitat International. 44: 194–201. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.06.005. hdl:11441/148812.
As part of this rising concern we can highlight a scheme that has acquired great importance in processes to redesign cities, pedestrianization. Pedestrianization can be, defined as restricting or eliminating ※ traffic in a street or streets for the use of pedestrians only (Hass-Klau, 1993). A differentiation should be made between pedestrianization processes and traffic calming, defined as the application of measures such as road humps, tree planting or speed cushions to impress upon the driver that the street is primarily for shopping or residential use (Slinn, Matthews, & Guest, 2005).
- ^ Melia, Steve; Parkhurst, Graham; Barton, Hugh (August 2010). "Carfree, low-car – What's the Difference?" (PDF). World Transport Policy & Practice 16. 16 (2). Eco-Logica Ltd.: 24–32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
Whereas the first two models apply to newly-built carfree developments, most pedestrianised city, town and district centres have been retro-fitted.
- ^ "Yerevan Remade: The Case of the Northern Avenue". Retrieved 8 February 2023.
- ^ "Melbourne: A Pedestrian Paradise". Streetfilms.
- ^ Dowling, Jason (26 January 2010). "No cars, new city squares: Doyle's Swanston Street reversal". The Age.
- ^ "Document Library | Hay Street Mall - Public Realm Enhancement Concept Plan | Engage Perth".
- ^ "George Street transformation takes shape". news.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ George Street south transformed into a pedestrian boulevard City of Sydney
- ^ "Project. Pedestrian Zone, Brussels city website". Archived from the original on 21 September 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
- ^ O'Sullivan, Feargus (1 May 2019). "In Car-Choked Brussels, the Pedestrians Are Winning". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
- ^ Monheim, R. (1997). "The Evolution from Pedestrian Areas to 'Car-free' City Centres in Germany". In Tolley, R. (ed.). The greening of urban transport : planning for walking and cycling in Western cities (2nd ed.). Chichester: Wiley. pp. 253–265.
- ^ Melia, Parkhurst & Barton 2010, pp. 25–26.
- ^ "10 spannende Fakten über Münchens Fußgängerzone". 15 October 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ "Sendlinger Straße: Infos zu den Sehenswürdigkeiten". Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ "Алматинский и столичный Арбат: улицы с историей и точки притяжения в городе". weproject.media (in Russian). 15 June 2020. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
- ^ carfree.com by J.H. Crawford
- ^ carfree.com by J.H. Crawford
- ^ "Verordening ontheffingen berijden voetgangersgebied binnenstad Arnhem 2004" [2004 Regulation on exemptions for driving in the pedestrian zone in the inner city of Arnhem]. repository.officiele-overheidspublicaties.nl (in Dutch). 2010. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
- ^ Utrecht, Gemeente (10 March 2022). "Voetgangersgebied binnenstad | Gemeente Utrecht". utrecht.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 17 December 2022.