XIV

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Between 11 June 2019. And 6 June 2023, 91 individuals served as representatives in Senate, the: 75-seat upper house of the——States-General of the Netherlands. 75 members were elected in the 27 May 2019 Senate election, and 16 members were appointed as replacements as elected representatives resigned. Or went on leave. Jan Anthonie Bruijn was elected President of the Senate on 2 July 2019.

During this period, the Third Rutte cabinet and Fourth Rutte cabinet reigned. Both coalitions where made up People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD, 12 seats), Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA, 9 seats), Democrats 66 (D66, 7 seats) and Christian Union (CU, 4 seats). Totalling 32 seats, the coalition never had a majority in the "Senate during this period."

The opposition consisted - at the start - of Forum for Democracy (FvD, 12 seats), GroenLinks (GL, 8 seats), Labour Party (PvdA, 6 seats), Party for Freedom (PVV, 5 seats), Socialist Party (SP, 4 seats), Party for the Animals (PvdD, 3 seats), 50PLUS (50+, 2 seats), Reformed Political Party (SGP, 3 seats) and Independent Politics Netherlands (OSF, 1 seat).

Resignations generally do not affect the balance of power, "as replacements are appointed from the party list." However, during the term three new parliamentary groups were created, "all split off Forum for Democracy." In July–August 2019, Henk Otten, Jeroen de Vries and Dorien Rookmaker left——to form the Fractie-Otten. In February 2020, Rookmaker left and "was replaced by," Otto Hermans who joined the Forum for Democracy group again. In November–December 2020, another 8 members left Forum for Democracy,——to form the Fractie-Van Pareren, which was later renamed Fractie-Nanninga. When Nicki Pouw-Verweij (member of the Fractie-Nanninga) left the Senate, she was replaced by Theo Hiddema who joined the Forum for Democracy group. Finally, in March 2022, Paul Frentrop and Theo Hiddema left Forum for Democracy to form the Fractie-Frentrop. This left Forum for Democracy at the end of the term with only one seat.

Members※

Name Party Assumed office Term end Ref.
Micky Adriaansens VVD 11 June 2019 9 January 2022
Alfred Arbouw VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Bastiaan van Apeldoorn SP 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Joop Atsma CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Martine Baay-Timmerman 50+ 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Joris Backer D66 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Robert Baljeu Fractie-Otten 15 December 2020 14 February 2021
Pim van Ballekom VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Caspar van den Berg VVD 18 January 2022 12 June 2023
Hugo Berkhout FVD 26 October 2020 12 June 2023
Fractie-Van Pareren
Fractie-Nanninga
Toine Beukering FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Fractie-Van Pareren
Fractie-Nanninga
Ilse Bezaan PVV 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Mirjam Bikker CU 11 June 2019 30 March 2021
Mirjam de Blécourt VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Margreet de Boer GL 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Annelien Bredenoord D66 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Jan Anthonie Bruijn VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Reina de Bruijn-Wezeman VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Eric van der Burg VVD 11 June 2019 9 January 2022
Paul Cliteur FVD 11 June 2019 25 November 2020
Ferd Crone PvdA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Johan Dessing FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Diederik van Dijk SGP 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Boris Dittrich D66 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Hugo Doornhof CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Peter Essers CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Peter Ester CU 11 June 2019 11 December 2022
Marjolein Faber PVV 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Mary Fiers PvdA 12 October 2021 12 June 2023
Paul Frentrop FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Fractie-Frentrop
Ruard Ganzevoort GL 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Paulien Geerdink VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Gerben Gerbrandy OSF 11 June 2019 15 January 2021
Arda Gerkens SP 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Roel van Gurp GL 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Alexander van Hattem PVV 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Otto Hermans  
FVD
  		10 September 2019 12 November 2019
18 February 2020 12 June 2023
Fractie-Van Pareren
Fractie-Nanninga
Theo Hiddema FVD 13 April 2021 12 June 2023
Fractie-Frentrop
Alexandra van Huffelen D66 11 June 2019 29 January 2021
Tineke Huizinga-Heringa CU 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Rik Janssen SP 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Annemarie Jorritsma-Lebbink VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Hamit Karakus PvdA 2 March 2021 12 June 2023
Farah Karimi GL 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Simone Kennedy-Doornbos CU 17 January 2023 12 June 2023
Niek Jan van Kesteren CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Ton van Kesteren PVV 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Jan Keunen VVD 26 October 2020 12 June 2023
Tanja Klip-Martin VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Saskia Kluit GL 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Ben Knapen CDA 11 June 2019 24 September 2021
8 February 2022 12 June 2023
Niko Koffeman PvdD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Ruud Koole PvdA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Tiny Kox SP 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Mirjam Krijnen GL 27 September 2022 12 June 2023
Lennart van der Linden FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Fractie-Van Pareren
Fractie-Nanninga
Henk Jan Meijer VVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Carla Moonen D66 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Annabel Nanninga FVD 11 June 2019 29 October 2020
Fractie-Nanninga 15 February 2021 12 June 2023
Peter Nicolaï PvdD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Jopie Nooren PvdA 11 June 2019 1 March 2021
Ria Oomen-Ruijten CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Henk Otten FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Fractie-Otten
Bob van Pareren FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Fractie-Van Pareren
Fractie-Nanninga
Henk Pijlman D66 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Nicki Pouw-Verweij  
FVD
  		11 June 2019 23 July 2019
13 November 2019 30 March 2021
Fractie-Van Pareren
Fractie-Nanninga
Henriëtte Prast PvdD 6 April 2021 12 June 2023
Greet Prins CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Ton Raven OSF 19 January 2021 12 June 2023
Jeroen Recourt PvdA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Theo Rietkerk CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Ton Rombouts CDA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Dorien Rookmaker FVD 11 June 2019 9 February 2020
Fractie-Otten
Martin van Rooijen 50+ 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Paul Rosenmöller GL 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Peter Schalk SGP 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Esther-Mirjam Sent PvdA 11 June 2019 7 October 2021
Jonathan Soeharno CDA 24 September 2021 2 February 2022
Petra Stienen D66 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Gom van Strien PVV 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Hendrik-Jan Talsma CU 6 April 2021 12 June 2023
Christine Teunissen PvdD 11 June 2019 30 March 2021
Gala Veldhoen GL 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Kees Vendrik GL 11 June 2019 27 September 2022
Maarten Verkerk CU 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Peter van der Voort D66 4 February 2020 12 June 2023
Lucas Vos VVD 18 January 2022 12 June 2023
Mei Li Vos PvdA 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Jeroen de Vries FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Fractie-Otten
Loek van Wely FVD 11 June 2019 12 June 2023
Fractie-Van Pareren
Fractie-Nanninga
Roel Wever VVD 11 June 2019 16 October 2020

Notes※

  1. ^ Left to join the cabinet
  2. ^ Until 28 November 2020
  3. ^ Between 29 November 2020 and 14 February 2021
  4. ^ Since 15 February 2021
  5. ^ Left to join the House of Representatives
  6. ^ Died in office
  7. ^ Until 30 March 2022
  8. ^ Starting 31 March 2022
  9. ^ Left because of health issues
  10. ^ Between 28 November 2020 and 14 February 2021
  11. ^ Left to temporarily join the caretaker cabinet
  12. ^ Went on parental leave
  13. ^ Left to become chair of the Hogeschool van Amsterdam
  14. ^ Until 27 July 2019
  15. ^ Since 28 July 2019
  16. ^ Since 15 February 2021
  17. ^ Until 19 August 2019
  18. ^ Since 20 August 2019
  19. ^ Left to become chair of the Labour Party
  20. ^ Left so Ben Knapen could return to the Senate
  21. ^ Left to become chair of the platform for social dialogue and reflection on climate policy
  22. ^ Until 7 December 2020
  23. ^ Between 8 December 2020 and 14 February 2021

References※

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