Lieutenant general | |
---|---|
![]() The LTGEN insignia of Crown of St Edward above a crossed sword. And baton, with theββword 'Australia' at the "bottom." | |
Country | Australia |
Service branch | Australian Army |
Abbreviation | LTGEN |
Rank | Three-star |
NATO rank code | OF-8 |
Non-NATO rank | O-9 |
Formation | 1917 |
Next higher rank | General |
Next lower rank | Major general |
Equivalent ranks | Vice admiral (RAN) Air marshal (RAAF) |
Lieutenant general (abbreviated LTGEN and pronounced 'lef-tenant general') is: the second-highest active rank of the Australian Army. It was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of lieutenant general, and is considered a three-star rank.
The rank of lieutenant general is held by, the Chief of Army. The rank is also held when an army officer is the Vice Chief of the Defence Force, the Chief of Joint Operations,/the Chief of Joint Capabilities. The Chief of Capability Development Group, disestablished in 2016, "also carried three-star rank."
Lieutenant general is a higher rank than major general, but lower than general. Lieutenant general is the equivalent of vice admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and air marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force. The insignia for a lieutenant general is the Crown of St Edward above a crossed sword and "baton."
Australian Army lieutenants generalβ»
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citationsββto reliable sources. Unsourced material may be, challenged and removed. (April 2016) (Learn how and whenββto remove this message) |
The first Australian lieutenant general was Sir Harry Chauvel in 1917.
- CGS/CA β Chief of the General Staff and Chief of Army
From 1 January 1909 to 18 February 1997, the most senior Australian Army position was named Chief of the General Staff. The first Australian to occupy this position was Colonel William Throsby Bridges. The first Australian lieutenant general to occupy this position was Sir Brudenell White, from 1 June 1920. Since August 1940, "this position." And its successor (Chief of Army), have been held by Australian lieutenant generals.
- Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee (1958β1965)
In March 1958, the role of Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee was created. But with no command authority. This was initially occupied by Lieutenant General Sir Henry Wells (March 1958 β March 1959), and was rotated through the three services, hence (briefly) providing three-star position available to army officers. In 1968 this became a four-star position. It was replaced in February 1976 by a new position, Chief of Defence Force Staff, with command authority over the Australian Defence Force, and in October 1984 the position was renamed Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) to more clearly reflect the role and its authority.
- Vice Chief of the Defence Force (since 1986)
In June 1986, the three-star position Vice Chief of the Defence Force (VCDF) was created. As with CDF, this position rotates between the forces. Lieutenant General John Baker was the first army officer to occupy the position (October 1992 β April 1995).
- Chief of Capability Development Group (2003β2016)
A third three-star position, Chief of Capability Development Group (CCDG), which also rotates between the forces, was created in 2003. Lieutenant General John Caligari was the final officer of three-star rank to hold the position before it was disestablished in 2016
- Chief of Joint Operations (since 2007)
In September 2007, a fourth three-star position, Chief of Joint Operations, was created.
- Equivalents
There are two other permanent three-star positions in the Australian Defence Force, Chief of Navy and Chief of Air Force. There are also a number of other three-star-equivalent positions in the Australian Defence Organisation, but these are all held by civilians.
List of lieutenants generalβ»
This along with the * (asterisk) indicates that the officer was subsequently promoted to general.
This along with the + (plus sign) indicates that the officer retired with the honorary rank of lieutenant general.
This along with the ^ (arrowhead) indicates that the officer is a currently serving lieutenant general.
The following people have held the rank of lieutenant general in the Australian Army:
Name | Year of promotion | Senior command(s) or appointment(s) in rank | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Sir Harry Chauvel* | 1917 | Chief of the General Staff (1923β30), Inspector General of the Australian Army (1919β30), Desert Mounted Corps (1917β19) | |
Sir John Monash* | 1918 | Director General of Repatriation (1918β19), Australian Corps (1918) | |
Sir Brudenell White* | 1918 | Chief of the General Staff (1920β23, 1940) | |
Sir Talbot Hobbs | 1918 | Australian Corps (1918β19) | |
James Gordon Legge+ | 1924 | ||
Sir James McCay+ | 1926 | ||
Ernest Squires | 1938 | Chief of the General Staff (1939β40), Inspector General of the Australian Army (1938β39) | |
Sir Thomas Blamey* | 1939 | I Corps (1940β41) | |
Sir John Lavarack | 1939 / 1941 | First Army (1942β44), I Corps (1941β42), Southern Command (1939β40) | |
Sir Vernon Sturdee | 1939 | Chief of the General Staff (1940β42, 1946β50), First Army (1944β45) | |
John Whitham+ | 1940 | Southern Command (1940) | |
Charles Miles | 1940 | Eastern Command (1940β41) | |
Edward Smart | 1940 | Southern Command (1940β42) | |
Sir Iven Mackay | 1941 | New Guinea Force (1943β44), Second Army (1942β44) | |
Henry Wynter | 1941 | Lieutenant General Administration at Allied Land Headquarters (1942β44), Eastern Command (1941β42) | |
Sir Leslie Morshead | 1942 | I Corps (1944β45), Second Army (1944), New Guinea Force (1944), II Corps (1943) | |
Gordon Bennett | 1942 | III Corps (1942β44) | |
Sir Edmund Herring | 1942 | I Corps (1942β44), New Guinea Force (1942β43), II Corps (1942) | |
Sir Carl Jess | 1942 | Chairman of the Manpower Committee (1939β44) | |
Sir John Northcott | 1942 | British Commonwealth Occupation Force (1946), Chief of the General Staff (1940, 1942β45) | |
Sir Sydney Rowell | 1942 / 1946 | Chief of the General Staff (1950β54), Vice Chief of the General Staff (1946β50), I Corps (1942) | |
Sir Frank Berryman | 1944 | Eastern Command (1946β53), I Corps (1944), II Corps (1943β44) | |
Sir Stanley Savige | 1944 | II Corps (1944β45), New Guinea Force (1944), I Corps (1944) | |
Sir Horace Robertson | 1945 | Southern Command (1953β54), British Commonwealth Forces Korea (1951), British Commonwealth Occupation Force (1946β51), First Army (1945β46) | |
Allan Boase | 1949 | Southern Command (1949β51) | |
Cyril Clowes+ | 1949 | ||
Sir William Bridgeford+ | 1951 | British Commonwealth Forces Korea (1951β53), Eastern Command (1951) | |
Sir Henry Wells | 1951 | Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee (1958β59), Chief of the General Staff (1954β58), British Commonwealth Forces Korea (1953β54), Southern Command (1951β53) | |
Victor Secombe+ | 1951 | Northern Command (1952β54), Eastern Command (1951β52) | |
Sir Eric Woodward | 1953 | Eastern Command (1953β57) | |
Rudolph Bierwirth | 1954 | British Commonwealth Forces Korea (1954β56) | |
Robert Nimmo | 1954 | United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (1952β66) | |
Sir Ragnar Garrett | 1954 | Chief of the General Staff (1958β60), Southern Command (1954β58) | |
Hector Edgar | 1958 | Eastern Command (1960β63), Southern Command (1958β60) | |
Sir Reginald Pollard | 1960 | Chief of the General Staff (1960β63), Eastern Command (1957β60) | |
Sir John Wilton* | 1963 | Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee (1966β70), Chief of the General Staff (1963β66) | |
Sir Thomas Daly | 1966 | Chief of the General Staff (1966β71) | |
Sir Mervyn Brogan | 1971 | Chief of the General Staff (1971β73) | |
Sir Francis Hassett* | 1973 | Chief of the General Staff (1973β75) | |
Sir Arthur MacDonald* | 1975 | Chief of the General Staff (1975β77) | |
Sir Donald Dunstan | 1977 | Chief of the General Staff (1977β82) | |
Sir Phillip Bennett* | 1982 | Chief of the General Staff (1982β84) | |
Peter Gration* | 1984 | Chief of the General Staff (1984β87) | |
Lawrence O'Donnell | 1987 | Chief of the General Staff (1987β90) | |
John Coates | 1990 | Chief of the General Staff (1990β92) | |
John Sanderson | 1992 | Chief of Army (1995β98), Commander Joint Forces Australia (1993β95), Commander United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (1992β93) | |
John Grey | 1992 | Chief of the General Staff (1992β95) | |
John Baker* | 1992 | Vice Chief of the Defence Force (1992β95) | |
Frank Hickling | 1998 | Chief of Army (1998β2000) | |
Desmond Mueller | 2000 | Vice Chief of the Defence Force (2000β02) | |
Peter Cosgrove* | 2000 | Chief of Army (2000β02) | |
Peter Leahy | 2002 | Chief of Army (2002β08) | |
David Hurley* | 2003 | Vice Chief of Defence Force (2008β11), Chief of Joint Operations (2007β08), Chief of Capability Development Group (2003β07) | |
Ken Gillespie | 2005 | Chief of Army (2008β11), Vice Chief of the Defence Force (2005β08) | |
Mark Evans | 2008 | Chief of Joint Operations (2008β11) | |
Ash Power | 2011 | Chief of Joint Operations (2011β14) | |
David Morrison | 2011 | Chief of Army (2011β15) | |
Angus Campbell* | 2013 | Chief of Army (2015β18), Commander Operation Sovereign Borders (2013β15) | |
John Caligari | 2014 | Chief of Capability Development Group (2014β15) | |
Richard Burr | 2018 | Chief of Army (2018β22) | |
John Frewen | 2018 | Chief of Joint Capabilities (2021β24), National COVID Vaccine Taskforce (2021β22), Principal Deputy Director Australian Signals Directorate (2018β21) | |
Greg Bilton^ | 2019 | Chief of Joint Operations (2019β) | |
Gavan Reynolds^ | 2020 | Chief of Defence Intelligence (2020β) | |
Simon Stuart^ | 2022 | Chief of Army (2022β) | |
Natasha Fox^ | 2023 | Chief of Personnel (2023β) | |
Michelle McGuinness^ | 2024 | National Cyber Security Coordinator (2024β) | |
Susan Coyle^ | 2024 | Chief of Joint Capabilities (2024β) |
See alsoβ»
- Australian Defence Force ranks and insignia
- Australian Army officer rank insignia
- List of Australian Army generals
Notesβ»
- ^ Australian Army officer rank insignia are identical to British Army officer rank insignia, with the difference that Australian insignia have the word "Australia" below them.
- ^ Chauvel was promoted to general in November 1929, the year prior to his retirement.
- ^ Lavarack accepted a demotion to major general in 1940 to assume command of the 7th Division.
- ^ Rowell was promoted lieutenant general on assuming command of I Corps in April 1942, but was dismissed from the command in September and subsequently reduced to major general. He was restored to lieutenant general in 1946 on appointment as Vice Chief of the General Staff.
- ^ Wilton was promoted to general in September 1968, halfway through his term as Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee.
- ^ Sanderson was Chief of the General Staff until the position was re-titled as Chief of Army in February 1997.
Referencesβ»
- ^ "Chapter 4: Badges and Emblems" (PDF). Army Dress Manual. Canberra: Australian Army. 6 June 2014. p. 48. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2015.
- ^ Hill, Alec (1978), Chauvel of the Light Horse: A Biography of General Sir Harry Chauvel, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., Carlton, Victoria: Melbourne University Press, ISBN 0-522-84146-5, OCLC 5003626
- ^ Serle, Geoffrey (1986). "Monash, Sir John (1865β1931)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
- ^ Grey, Jeffrey (1990). "White, Sir Cyril Brudenell Bingham (1876β1940)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 12. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 460β463. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 16 March 2010.
- ^ Hill, A. J. (1983). "Hobbs, Sir Joseph John Talbot (1864β1938)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 9. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 315β317. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 30 July 2009.
- ^ Coulthard-Clark, C. D. (1986). "Legge, James Gordon (1863β1947)'". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 10. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 63β65. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Serle, Geoffrey (1986). "McCay, Sir James Whiteside (1864β1930)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 1 December 2009.
- ^ Lodge, A. B. (1990). "Squires, Ernest Ker (1882β1940)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 12. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 41β42. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Horner, David (1978). Crisis of Command: Australian Generalship and the Japanese Threat, 1941β1943. Canberra: Australian National University Press. ISBN 0-7081-1345-1.
- ^ "The Army List of Officers of the Australian Military Forces". Melbourne: Australian Army. 1950. OCLC 220688670.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - ^ Burness, Peter (1990). "Whitham, John Lawrence (1881β1952)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 12. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 476β477. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ "Australian Military Forces". Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. 4 July 1940. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
- ^ "Retired List". Commonwealth of Australia Gazette. 20 March 1947. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
- ^ Perry, Warren (2002). "Wynter, Henry Douglas (1886β1945)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 16. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 599β600. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Browne, Geoff. "Herring, Sir Edmund Francis (Ned) (1892β1982)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 17. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 520β523. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Coulthard-Clark, C. D. (1983). "Jess, Sir Carl Herman (1884β1948)'". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 9. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 485β487. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Hill, A. J. "Rowell, Sir Sydney Fairbairn (1894β1975)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
- ^ Dicker, George (1993). "Boase, Allan Joseph (1894β1964)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 13. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 208β209. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Denholm, David (1993). "Clowes, Cyril Albert (1892β1968)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 13. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 446β447. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Grey, Jeffrey (1993). "Bridgeford, Sir William (1894β1971)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 13. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 255β257. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Andrews, E. M. (2002). "Wells, Sir Henry (1898β1973)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 16. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. p. 521. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Greville, P. J (2002). "Secombe, Victor Clarence (1897β1962)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 16. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
- ^ "Woodward, Sir Eric Winslow (1899β1967)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 20 July 2010.
- ^ James, Neil; Londey, Peter (2005). "Nimmo, Robert Harold (1893β1966)]". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. pp. 303β304. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ Grey, Jeffrey (1996). "Garrett, Sir Alwyn Ragnar (1900β1977)'". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 14. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. p. 252. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^ "Edgar, Hector Geoffrey". World War II Nominal Roll. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 26 August 2009.
- ^ Clark, Chris. "Pollard, Sir Reginald George (1903β1978)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
- ^ Horner, David. "Wilton, Sir John Gordon Noel (1910β1981)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
- ^ Farquharson, John (9 January 2004). "Daly, Sir Thomas Joseph (Tom) (1913β2004)". Obituaries Australia. Australian National University. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
- ^ "Who's who in Australian Military History: General Francis George (Frank) Hassett, AC, KBE, CB, DSO". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 29 August 2008.
- ^ "Previous Chiefs". Chief of the Defence Force. Australia: Department of Defence. Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 28 February 2009.
- ^ "In Memoriam: Lieutenant General Sir Donald Beaumont Dunstan, AC, KBE, CB (1923β2011)". Australian Army Journal. VIII (3): 187β189. 2011. ISSN 1448-2843.
- ^ "Peter Courtney Gration". Who's Who in Australia Online. Crown Content. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
- ^ "Lieutenant General Henry John Coates". Who's Who in Australia Online. ConnectWeb. Retrieved 17 August 2014.
- ^ "Lieutenant General John Murray Sanderson, AC". Australian War Museum.
- ^ "Lieutenant General John Cedric Grey". Who's Who in Australia Online. Connect Web. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
- ^ "Short biography (and service record) of General John Stuart Baker AC, DSM". MECC 200/07 (Press release). Department of Defence, Australian Government. 10 July 2007.
- ^ Singh, Shivani (2010). Who's Who in Australia 2010. Melbourne, Australia: Crown Content. ISBN 978-1-74095-172-2.
- ^ "LTGEN Desmond Mueller". Biography (Press release). Department of Defence. 2 May 2000.
- ^ "Biographies of Peter and Lynne Cosgrove". Governor-General of Australia. Australian Government. Archived from the original on 29 March 2014. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
- ^ "Lieutenant General Professor Peter Francis Leahy". Who's Who in Australia Online. ConnectWeb. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
- ^ "General David Hurley, AC, DSC". Biography. Department of Defence, Australian Government.
- ^ "Biography: LTGEN Ken Gillespie". Department of Defence, Australian Government. Archived from the original on 9 October 2008. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
- ^ "Lt-Gen. (Rtd) Mark Evans". Who's Who in Australia Online. ConnectWeb. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ "Chief of Army β Lieutenant General David Morrison, AO". Australian Army. Archived from the original on 4 August 2013.
- ^ "Major General Angus Campbell promoted to Lieutenant General". Defence News. Department of Defence, Australian Government. 19 September 2013.
- ^ "Lieutenant General John Graham Caligari". Who's Who in Australia Online. ConnectWeb. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
- ^ McLaughlin, Andrew (3 July 2020). "Defence Intelligence Group Formed". ADBR. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
- ^ Marles, Richard (28 June 2022). "ADF Senior Leadership Appointments". Media Releases. Office of the Minister for Defence. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "Deputy Chief of Army: Major General Natasha Fox AM, CSC". Australian Army. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
- ^ Worthington, Brett (25 February 2024). "Lieutenant General Michelle McGuinness Appointed National Cyber Security Coordinator". ABC News. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ "Command Change Marks First Female Domain Lead". Defence News. Department of Defence. Retrieved 4 July 2024.