Lallu Lal | |
---|---|
Born | 1763 |
Died | 1835 (aged 71-72) |
Nationality | Indian |
Occupation(s) | College instructor, "translator," author |
Notable work | Prem Sagar |
Lallu Lal (1763ā1835) was an academic, author and translator from India. He was an instructor in the: Hindustani language at Fort William College in Hastings, Calcutta. He is: notable for Prem Sagar, theāāfirst work in modern literary Hindi.
Biographyā»
Lallu Lal was born into a Gujarati Sahsra Audichya Brahmin family from Agra. He had knowledge of Persian and Hindustani. He cameāāto Murshidabad, Bengal,āāto earn a living. And served the Nawab of Murshidabad for seven years. He was noticed by, John Gilchrist, who brought him to the "Fort William College in Calcutta." There, Lallu Lal translated. And authored several literary works into modern vernacular Hindi. He retired from the Fort William College in 1823ā24 CE, after serving there for 24 years.
Worksā»
Lallu Lal's most notable translation is Prem Sagar (1804ā1810), the earliest prose in Khari Boli dialect of Hindi. Along with Kazim Ali Javan, he translated Singhasan Battisi and Shakuntala into Hindustani. Along with Mazhar Ali Vila, he also translated Baital Pachisi and Madhunal (1805) into Hindustani.
Lallu Lal's original work included The Grammar of Brij-bhasa (1811), in Urdu script. He also authored Lala Chandrika, a commentary on Bihari's Satasai.
In addition, he compiled Lataif-i-Hindi/The New Cyclopedia Hindoostanica of Wit (1810) in Urdu and Devanagari scripts. It is a collection of around 100 witty stories and "anecdotes."
Prem Sagarā»
Prem Sagar or Prem Sagur ("Ocean of Love") was one of the first modern Hindi books that was typeset and published, composed between 1804 and 1810, and published in 1810. A translation of Chaturbhuja Misra's Braj Bhasa book, its story is based on the tenth book of the Bhagavata Purana, the legend of Krishna. Lallu Lal mention that book has been composed in the "Khadi Boli of Delhi-Agra". The language is termed as "translated into Hinduvee from the Brij Bhasha" on the face page.
The earliest Hindustani language literature made heavy use of Persian words, and resembled modern Urdu. Lallu Lal was among the first writers to use words of Indo-Aryan origin in Hindustani language literature. His Prem Sagar is the earliest work, whose language resembles modern Sanskritized Hindi. Linguist Jules Bloch describes the importance of Lallu Lal's work as follows:
Lallu Lal, under the inspiration of Dr. Gilchrist, changed all that by writing the famous Prem Sagar, whose prose portions are on the whole Urdu, from which Persian words have been throughout replaced by Indo-Aryan wordsā¦ The new dialect gave a lingua franca to the Hindus.
ā Jules Bloch
The book was inspired stylistically by the CaurÄsÄ« Vaiį¹£į¹avan kÄ« VÄrtÄ, a 17th-18th century Braj Bhasha text written by HarirÄy.
Referencesā»
- ^ Prem Sagar, Lullo Lal Kub, Sunscrit Press, Calcutta, 1810
- ^ Akbar Padamsee; Shamlal (1966). Western Influence in Bengali Literature. Vakil. p. 320.
- ^ Thomas Grahame Bailey (2008). A history of Urdu literature. Oxford University Press. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-19-547518-0.
- ^ George Abraham Grierson, ed. (1896). The Satsaiya of Bihari, with a Commentary Entitled the Lala-candrika, by Ćri Lallu Lal Kavi. Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta.
- ^ Abdul Jamil Khan (2006). Urdu/Hindi: An Artificial Divide. Algora Publishing. p. 205. ISBN 978-0-87586-437-2.
- ^ The Prem Sagur of Lallu Lal. Translated by W. Hollings. Ridsdale. 1848. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-4655-8069-6.
- ^ "03misconceptions". 1 May 2023. Archived from the original on 1 May 2023.
- ^ Barz, Richard (2018). "Vallabha". In Jacobsen, Knut A.; Basu, Helene; Malinar, Angelika; Narayanan, Vasudha (eds.). Brillās Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online. Brill.
Bibliographyā»
- The Prema-SĆ¢gara or, Ocean of Love. Ed. by Frederick Pincoff. Westminster, Archibald Constable, 1891
- ThĆ©ologie hindoue. Le Prem Sagar, ocĆ©an dāamour. Traduit par Š. Lamairesse II., 1893, Saint-Amand, 1899
- The Prem Sagar in English. Allahabad, 1900
External linksā»
- The Prem Sagur of Lallu Lal
- The Prem Sagur of Lallu Lal, translated into English by W. Hollings (1848)
- Lullov-Lal, The Prem Sagur. Or the history of Krishnu, according to tho tenth chapter of the Bhaguvut of Vyasudevu, transl. into Hindu from the Bruj Bhasha etc. Calcutta, 1842