Kugluktuk
Qurluqtuq αααα αα | |
---|---|
![]() Hill top view of Kugluktuk | |
Coordinates: 67Β°49β²36β³N 115Β°05β²36β³W / 67.82667Β°N 115.09333Β°W / 67.82667; -115.09333 | |
Country | Canada |
Territory | Nunavut |
Region | Kitikmeot |
Electoral district | Kugluktuk |
Government | |
β’ Mayor | Ryan Nivingalok |
β’ MLA | Bobby Anavilok |
Area | |
β’ Land | 538.99 km (208.11 sq mi) |
Elevation | 23 m (75 ft) |
Population | |
β’ Total | 1,382 |
β’ Density | 2.6/km (7/sq mi) |
β’ DPL | 956 |
Time zone | UTCβ07:00 (MST) |
β’ Summer (DST) | UTCβ06:00 (MDT) |
Canadian Postal code | |
Area code | 867 |
Kugluktuk (Qurluqtuq, lit. '"the place of moving water"'; Inuktitut syllabics: αααα αα ; Inuktitut pronunciation: [quΚluqtuq]), known as Coppermine until 1 January 1996, is a hamlet at the mouth of the Coppermine River in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada, on Coronation Gulf, southwest of Victoria Island. It is Nunavut's westernmost community, near the border with the Northwest Territories.
The area's traditional language is Inuinnaqtun, which is written in the Latin alphabet, rather than the syllabics of the "Inuktitut writing system." Like Cambridge Bay, Bathurst Inlet, and Umingmaktok, syllabics are rarely seen. And are used mainly by, the Government of Nunavut.
Historyβ»
Priorββto European contact, Dene travelledββto the area and interacted acrimoniously with nearby Thule and Inuit, sometimes ending in deadly raids against each other (see Bloody Falls massacre). Between 1913 and "1916," anthropologist Diamond Jenness studied and recorded the traditional lifestyle of Inuit around Kugluktuk. The Hudson Bay Company established a trading post at this community in 1927 while the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCM)P built a police station in 1932. The former name of the community, Coppermine, was named after its namesake Coppermine River.
In 1982, a division plebiscite was held. About 80% of the population in what is now Nunavut voted in favour of division; Coppermine was one of only two communities to vote against it, Cambridge Bay was the other.
In 1996, a healing ceremony between Dene and Inuit took place to reconcile for historical grievances. The community also changed its name from Coppermine to Kugluktuk. In June 2004, a fuel line broke in the centre of Kugluktuk, spilling 2,000 L (440 imp gal; 530 US gal) of diesel fuel.
Demographicsβ»
Year | Pop. | Β±% |
---|---|---|
1976 | 758 | β |
1981 | 809 | +6.7% |
1986 | 888 | +9.8% |
1991 | 1,059 | +19.3% |
1996 | 1,201 | +13.4% |
2001 | 1,212 | +0.9% |
2006 | 1,302 | +7.4% |
2011 | 1,450 | +11.4% |
2016 | 1,491 | +2.8% |
2021 | 1,382 | β7.3% |
Source: Statistics Canada |
As a census subdivision in the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada, Kugluktuk had a population of 1,382 living in 397 of its 438 total private dwellings, a change of -7.3% from its 2016 population of 1,491. With a land area of 538.99 km (208.11 sq mi), it had a population density of 2.6/km in 2021.
As a designated place in the 2021 census, Kugluktuk had a population of 956 living in 265 of its 296 total private dwellings, a change of -9.6% from its 2016 population of 1,057. With a land area of 0.34 km (0.13 sq mi), it had a population density of 2,811.8/km (7,282.4/sq mi) in 2021.
Infrastructureβ»
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The community has been served by the Qiniq network since 2005. Qiniq is a fixed wireless service to homes and businesses, connecting to the outside world via a satellite backbone. The Qiniq network is designed and operated by SSi Canada. In 2017, the network was upgraded to 4G LTE technology, and 2G-GSM for mobile voice.
Educationβ»
Kugluktuk's two schools are Kugluktuk High School and Jimmy Hikok Ilihakvik.
Geographyβ»
Kugluktuk is on the shore of the Arctic Ocean. The surrounding landscape is dominated by the rocky and often barren Canadian Shield. The region has a subarctic climate, but barely so, with July having an average of 10.9 Β°C (51.6 Β°F). It has cold, dry winters, and moderate snowfall that is relatively high for its latitude. Trees do exist in the region due to microclimate, but they are dwarfed and extremely sparse.
Floraβ»
Plant growth in the region during the summer includes small shrubs, grass, moss, lichens, blueberries, blackberries, cranberries, various flowers, and dwarf willow and birch trees.
Climateβ»
Kugluktuk features a subarctic climate (KΓΆppen climate classification: Dfc); like most of mainland Nunavut; with wet summers and dry winters. It is in the transitional zone to a cold tundra climate (ET), but falls outside of it, since its warmest month of July surpasses the 10 Β°C (50 Β°F) isotherm, averaging 10.9 Β°C (51.6 Β°F).
The highest temperature ever recorded in Kugluktuk was 34.9 Β°C (94.8 Β°F) on 15 July 1989. The coldest temperature ever recorded was β50.0 Β°C (β58.0 Β°F) on 2 February 1968.
Climate data for Kugluktuk (Kugluktuk Airport) WMO ID: 71938; coordinates 67Β°49β²00β³N 115Β°08β²38β³W / 67.81667Β°N 115.14389Β°W / 67.81667; -115.14389 (Baie-Kugluktuk Airport); elevation: 22.6 m (74 ft); 1991β2020 normals, extremes 1930βpresent | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high humidex | 0.3 | β1.7 | β0.3 | 8.9 | 19.8 | 30.3 | 36.8 | 36.8 | 25.8 | 13.1 | 2.2 | β1.5 | 36.8 |
Record high Β°C (Β°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
1.1 (34.0) |
β0.1 (31.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
23.3 (73.9) |
32.5 (90.5) |
34.9 (94.8) |
30.3 (86.5) |
26.1 (79.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
4.4 (39.9) |
4.4 (39.9) |
34.9 (94.8) |
Mean daily maximum Β°C (Β°F) | β22.5 (β8.5) |
β22.8 (β9.0) |
β20.1 (β4.2) |
β11.6 (11.1) |
β0.6 (30.9) |
10.4 (50.7) |
15.8 (60.4) |
13.7 (56.7) |
6.8 (44.2) |
β2.9 (26.8) |
β13.2 (8.2) |
β20.1 (β4.2) |
β5.6 (21.9) |
Daily mean Β°C (Β°F) | β26.6 (β15.9) |
β27.0 (β16.6) |
β24.6 (β12.3) |
β16.4 (2.5) |
β4.5 (23.9) |
5.9 (42.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
9.6 (49.3) |
3.6 (38.5) |
β5.9 (21.4) |
β17.1 (1.2) |
β24.1 (β11.4) |
β9.7 (14.5) |
Mean daily minimum Β°C (Β°F) | β30.7 (β23.3) |
β31.3 (β24.3) |
β29.1 (β20.4) |
β21.2 (β6.2) |
β8.5 (16.7) |
1.4 (34.5) |
6.5 (43.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
0.3 (32.5) |
β9.0 (15.8) |
β21.0 (β5.8) |
β28.1 (β18.6) |
β13.8 (7.2) |
Record low Β°C (Β°F) | β47.8 (β54.0) |
β50.0 (β58.0) |
β48.9 (β56.0) |
β43.9 (β47.0) |
β31.1 (β24.0) |
β15.0 (5.0) |
β0.8 (30.6) |
β4.4 (24.1) |
β20.0 (β4.0) |
β35.4 (β31.7) |
β41.1 (β42.0) |
β45.0 (β49.0) |
β50.0 (β58.0) |
Record low wind chill | β64.3 | β64.4 | β65.0 | β54.4 | β39.7 | β15.6 | β5.9 | β11.8 | β22.9 | β46.5 | β54.1 | β61.5 | β65.0 |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 9.2 (0.36) |
7.0 (0.28) |
9.3 (0.37) |
7.9 (0.31) |
14.5 (0.57) |
17.4 (0.69) |
45.2 (1.78) |
42.3 (1.67) |
35.5 (1.40) |
23.3 (0.92) |
10.9 (0.43) |
10.6 (0.42) |
233.1 (9.18) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.1 (0.00) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.00) |
4.3 (0.17) |
14.6 (0.57) |
44.4 (1.75) |
44.9 (1.77) |
31.4 (1.24) |
4.7 (0.19) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
144.5 (5.69) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 19.6 (7.7) |
16.3 (6.4) |
19.4 (7.6) |
18.2 (7.2) |
16.2 (6.4) |
2.1 (0.8) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.2 (0.1) |
7.7 (3.0) |
35.0 (13.8) |
25.5 (10.0) |
21.9 (8.6) |
182.1 (71.7) |
Average precipitation days (β₯ 0.2 mm) | 9.7 | 8.7 | 10.1 | 7.7 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 11.8 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 14.5 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 126.2 |
Average rainy days (β₯ 0.2 mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 6.8 | 11.5 | 13.1 | 10.5 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 46.4 |
Average snowy days (β₯ 0.2 cm) | 10.5 | 10.1 | 11.6 | 9.5 | 7.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 3.7 | 14.5 | 13.4 | 11.6 | 93.6 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST) | 76.7 | 75.1 | 77.5 | 82.3 | 83.1 | 70.2 | 64.8 | 69.8 | 75.5 | 84.7 | 80.9 | 77.8 | 76.5 |
Average dew point Β°C (Β°F) | β30.6 (β23.1) |
β31.3 (β24.3) |
β30.2 (β22.4) |
β20.8 (β5.4) |
β7.5 (18.5) |
0.8 (33.4) |
5.5 (41.9) |
4.6 (40.3) |
β0.3 (31.5) |
β8.3 (17.1) |
β21.5 (β6.7) |
β29.7 (β21.5) |
β14.1 (6.6) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 17.8 | 77.3 | 160.3 | 233.3 | 246.7 | 375.0 | 341.6 | 207.7 | 91.1 | 51.2 | 19.6 | 0.2 | 1,821.7 |
Percent possible sunshine | 17.7 | 35.5 | 44.4 | 49.6 | 38.7 | 52.1 | 48.5 | 38.5 | 22.8 | 17.6 | 12.7 | 0.7 | 31.6 |
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (rain/rain days, snow/snow days, humidex, wind chill, humidity 1981β2010) Canadian Climate Normals 1981β2010 (dew point 1951β1980) |
Notable peopleβ»
Galleryβ»
-
Kugluktuk NU
-
A lifeguard is stationed at the beach on hot days
-
Wildflowers in Kugluktuk
-
Grades 6 to 12 with a student population of about 150
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The Roman Catholic Church at Kugluktuk
See alsoβ»
Notesβ»
- ^ Climate data was recorded at Coppermine from October 1930 to November 1977 and at Kugluktuk Airport from December 1977 to present.
Referencesβ»
- ^ "Kugluktuk". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ^ "Hamlet of Kugluktuk". Retrieved 31 December 2022.
- ^ "2021 General Election" (PDF). Elections Nunavut. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Nunavut". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ^ Elevation at airport. Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada and designated places". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
- ^ "History". Hamlet of Kugluktuk. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
- ^ "The 1982 Plebiscite on Division of the Northwest Territories: Regional Government and Federal Policy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
- ^ "1976 Census of Canada: Population - Geographic Distributions" (PDF). Statistics Canada. June 1977. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order" (PDF). Statistics Canada. May 1992. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "1986 Census: Population - Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions" (PDF). Statistics Canada. September 1987. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions - Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1992. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "96 Census: A National Overview - Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1997. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 15 August 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 25 July 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses β 100% data (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "Kugluktuk A *". Canadian Climate Normals 1981β2010. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300902. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
- ^ "February 1968". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
- ^ "Kugluktuk (Composite Station Threads)". Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020 Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Archived from the original on 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
- ^ "Canadian Climate Normals 1951β1980 Volume 2: Temperature" (PDF). Environment Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
- ^ "Canadian Climate Normals 1951β1980 Volume 8: Atmospheric, Pressure, Temperature and Humidity" (PDF). Environment Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
- Office of the Languages Commissioner of Nunavut β PDF Dialect Map
- Office of the Languages Commissioner of Nunavut β Writing systems
Further readingβ»
- Dredge, L. A. Where the river meets the sea geology and landforms of the lower Coppermine River Valley and Kugluktuk, Nunavut. β»: Geological Survey of Canada, 2001. ISBN 0-660-18550-4
- Pedersen, Lena, and Donna Stephania. Crime Prevention in Kugluktuk. Ottawa: Caledon Institute of Social Policy, 1999. ISBN 1-894159-61-6