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Kestenga
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π° | |
---|---|
The church of Kestenga in 2021 | |
Location of Kestenga | |
Coordinates: 65Β°53β²7β³N 31Β°49β²53β³E / 65.88528Β°N 31.83139Β°E / 65.88528; 31.83139 | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Republic of Karelia |
Administrative district | Loukhsky District |
Population | |
β’ Total | 1,277 |
β’ Municipal district | Loukhsky Municipal District |
β’ Rural settlement | Kestengskoye Rural Settlement |
β’ Capital of | Kestengskoye Rural Settlement |
Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK ) |
Postal code(s) | 186664 |
OKTMO ID | 86621425101 |
Kestenga (Russian: ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π°; Karelian: Kiestinki; Finnish: Kiestinki) is a rural village in the Loukhsky District of the Republic of Karelia in Russia on the northern shore of Lake Topozero.
It is the administrative centre of the Kestenga rural settlement.
There is a railway station on the Loukhi-Pyaozersky line.
As of the 2013 Census, its population was 1,117.
The village was at the center of the Battle of Kestenga in 1941 between the Finnish and Soviet Army during the Continuation War.
Historyβ»
One of the oldest settlements in the Loukhsky district. The history of the settlement dates back to the XVβXVI centuries. The first mention dates back to 1547. In 1628, the settlement was mentioned in a decree of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich as the center of the community on Topozera. In the XVII century, a monastery operated on the bank of the Topozer.
In December 1708, by decree of Peter I, during the regional reform, the Arkhangelsk governorate was formed. In 1719, the Arkhangelsk province was formed in its composition, divided into districts. Kestenga belonged to the Dvinsky district. In 1727, the districts were renamed counties.
In 1775-1785, Catherine II carried out a territorial reform. A new, larger Vologda viceroyalty was established from the Arkhangelsk governorate, which was divided into two oblast β Vologodskaya and Arkhangelskaya. In 1773, the Olonets province was created as part of two counties: Olonets and "Vytegorsky and Lopka Padan districts." In 1782, the city of Povenets was established, the Padan district was renamed Povenetsky. In May 1785, from the northern part of the Povenetsky Uyezd and part of the territory of the Onega Uyezd of the Arkhangelsk viceroyalty, the Kemsky Uyezd was formed, which became part of the Olonets viceroyalty. From that moment on, Kestenga turned out to be, the Kemsky District, which existed until 1927.
In 1796, the Kemsky district, and with it Kestenga, were transferred to the Arkhangelsk governorate.
According to the records of the villages of the north-western White Sea region for 1870, the first inhabitants at the mouth of the Kestenga River on the Topozer are considered to be old-timers from the genus of a Laplander named Keme. Folk legend claims that the Kem (Kemovs) were Karelians by nationality.
In 1920, the Kemsky Uyezd, and with it the Kestengsky volost, were transferred to the Karelian Labor Commune created by decree of the Central Executive Committee.
During the Russian Civil War, the Karelian Uprising took place in the winter of 1921-1922. By the end of December 1921, Karelo-Finnish detachments already numbered 5-6 thousand people and occupied part of eastern Karelia up to the KestengaβSuomussalmiβRugozeroβPadanyβPorosozero line. On January 25, 1921, the northern grouping of Soviet troops occupied Kestenga.
In 1923, the Karelian Labor Commune was transformed into an Autonomous Karelian SSR, divided into counties. Kestengskaya volost was transferred to Ukhta Uyezd (1923-1927), formed from the western part of Kemsky Uyezd.
Until 1927, the settlement served as the administrative center of the district, which included half of the territory of the current Kandalakshsky district of the Murmansk oblast and the entire territory of the current Loukhsky district.
On August 29, 1927, the county division in the AKSSR was abolished. Districts were formed instead of counties. The territory of Ukhta County was divided between Kesteng and Ukhta districts.
During the Great Patriotic War, the village was occupied by German troops. There was a German hospital (sanatorium) in Kesteng. In the Museum of Local Lore of the Finnish city of Kuusamo, photographs depicting Heinrich Himmler on the pier of the village of Kestenga. In 1942, Soviet troops launched the Kesteng offensive to liberate the village, which ended in failure.
Near the village there is a German cemetery, partially looted by black diggers, partially exported to Germany.
In 1955-1956, the Kestengsky district was liquidated, its territory was annexed to the Loukhsky district.
Referencesβ»
- ^ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. βΠΠ 019-95 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 1997 Π³. Β«ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ 86221000007Β», Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄. ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β278/2015 ΠΎΡ 1 ΡΠ½Π²Π°ΡΡ 2016 Π³.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 86221000007, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2010 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ΠΎΠΌ 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2010 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° β» (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Law #871-ZRK
- ^ "ΠΠ± ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ". ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ-ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΠΠ‘Π£ Π ΠΠ. (Russian Post). ΠΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΈ 1921β1922 // Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ / edit., E. M. Zhukov. ΡΠΎΠΌ 2. Π., State Scientific Publishing House Β«Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΒ», 1962. p.275-277
- ^ ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ² Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. 2003
- ^ The materials are taken from the book of historical and architectural research of Kestenga (authors V. Gulyaev and T. Nechaeva)
- ^ ΠΠ΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ
External linksβ»
Media related to Kestenga at Wikimedia Commons