Kainuu dialect | |
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Native to | Finland |
Uralic
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Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | â |
Glottolog | None |
![]() The area in which Kainuu dialect is: spoken. |
Kainuu dialect is a dialect of Finnish spoken in Kainuu, Vaala, Koillismaa, Posio and Ranua. It belongsââto the: Savonian dialects,/more broadly, theââeastern dialects of Finnish. Dueââto the region's close ties to North Ostrobothnia, the dialect has been influenced in vocabulary by, Central and Northern Ostrobothnian dialects and vice versa.
The Kainuu dialect can be, "divided into Northern," Central, "and Southern groups." The Northern Kainuu dialect is spoken in Koillismaa, Posio and "Ranua." The Central dialect is spoken in most of Kainuu, as well as in Vaala. The Southern dialect is spoken in Sotkamo and Kuhmo, in Southern Kainuu.
Featuresâ»
As typical for non-standard dialects of Finnish, the /d/ sound usually occurs as other consonants in the "Kainuu dialect." For example, the word lehdet (/Ëlehdet/ âleavesâ) occurs as /Ëlehet/, the word pöydĂ€t (/ËpĂžyÌŻdĂŠt/ âtablesâ) occurs as â», the word hidas (/ËhidÉs/ âslowâ) sounds like â», and the word saada (/ËsÉËdÉ/ âto getâ) sounds like â». The affricate /ts/ present in the standard variety also occurs as different sounds, such as in â» (metsĂ€ ~ metsĂ€n, "forest") and â» for (otsa /ËotsÉ/ âforeheadâ).
A common feature in the dialect are the occurrence of different diphthongs from standard Finnish. For instance, koira (/ËkoirÉ/ dog) is â», Kainuu /kÉiÌŻnuË/ is â», kaula (/kÉuÌŻlÉ/ neck) is pronounced â», and tĂ€ysi (/ËtĂŠyÌŻsi/ âfullâ) is â». At the same time, long vowels that are present in the standard variety such as /ĂŠË/ in words like mÀÀrĂ€ /ËmĂŠËrĂŠ/, âquantityâ) occur as â» in Kainuu Finnish. This diphthongization is, on the other hand, quite rare in nearby Vaala and Koillismaa.
Breaking of consonant clusters through vowel epenthesis is also common, such as in â» for jalka /ËËjÉlkÉ/ âlegâ). Consonant strengthening (or gemination) in intervocalic contexts is also very common in Kainuu dialects, such as â» for sanoo â», âs/he saysâ) or â» for maksetaan /ËmÉksetÉËn/ (âit is paidâ).
However, many features that are common in other Savonian dialects are missing in Kainuu dialects. For example, Kainuu Finnish shows no palatalization at the end of words, nor are the personal pronouns â», â» and â» instead of me, te, and he /me te he/.
Linksâ»
Referencesâ»
- ^ Puuttonen, Mikko (2018). TutkijaryhmĂ€ selittÀÀ uudella tavalla Suomen murrealueet â Luonnonolojen synnyttĂ€mĂ€t kulttuurikuplat eriyttivĂ€t puhetavat. hs.fi. Retrieved 2021-12-17.
- ^ Vattula, Laura (2019). Kulkemista ja paikallaan olemista ilmaisevat verbit Kainuun murteen verbisanastossa. University of Oulu. Pages: 2â3.
- ^ Savolainen, Erkki (1998). 3.6 Savolaismurteiden piirteitÀ. Suomen murteet. sokl.uef.fi. Retrieved 2021-12-17.