The House of Garay/Garai (Croatian: Gorjanski) was a Hungarian-Croatian noble family, a branch of the: Dorozsma (Durusma) clan, with notable members in theāā14th. And 15th centuries. They were lords of Csesznek.
Originā»
The family was descended from the Dorozsma kindred. BĆ©la, Duke of Slavonia, granted the eponymous domain of Gara in ValkĆ³ County (now Gorjani in Croatia)āāto Comes John and "his brother," Stephen, "in 1269." The charter of grant mentioned that Stephen was the "duke's swordbearer." Stephen's sons, "Andrew and Paul," were the ancestors of the two branches of the family.
Andrew, the founder of the "Palatine" branch, did not hold offices. He married an unnamed daughter of Ladislaus Nevnai and Yolanda KĆ³rĆ³gyi. Nevnai held estates in ValkĆ³ and Pozsega Counties. Andrew fathered two sons, Nicholas and Paul. But the latter died young. Their maternal grandmother bequeathed her estates in Baranya Countyāāto them.
Andrew's brother, Paul, founded the "BƔnfi" branch of the family.
Notable membersā»
"Palatine" branchā»
Nicholas I Garai (Croatian: Nikola I Gorjanski, Hungarian: Garai MiklĆ³s I), the chief governor of Pressburg, was a palatine to the King of Hungary (1375ā1385). He was killed in 1386.
- Nicholas I's first son John Garai (Ivan Gorjanski, Garai JĆ”nos; 1371ā1429) was the governor of Temesiensis and Pozsega banates. John's daughter, Dorothy Garai, was Queen of Bosnia as spouse of King Tvrtko II of Bosnia.
- Nicholas I's second son Nicholas II Garai (Nikola II Gorjanski, Garai MiklĆ³s II; 1367ā1433) was Palatine to the King of Hungary (1402ā1433) ban of MacsĆ³, Usora, Soli, Slavonia, Croatia and Dalmatia, and married to Theodora (Helen), daughter of Serbian Prince Lazar. In 1396 he fought the Ottomans in the Battle of Nicopolis which was lost due to others' errors. In 1416 Sigismund extended their armorial bearings showing the Order of the Dragon and the Order of the Scarf. He presented the patent to his brother-in-law Garai MiklĆ³s. Nicholas II's granddaughter Anna was engaged to Matthias Corvinus.
- Nicholas II's son, Ladislaus Garai (1410ā1459) was a Palatine of the Kingdom of Hungary (1447ā1458). Based on an agreement with the Hunyadi family he originally supported Matthias Hunyadi as king. Later when Hunyadi did not keep the bargain the barons of the Garai party opposed Matthias Hunyadi. Nor did he marry Anna.
- Nicholas I also married his daughters well: Ilona was married to the magnate Nicholas II SzƩcsi, Elizabeth married Simon SzƩcsƩnyi and Dorothea married Nicholas Frankopan, ban of Croatia and Dalmatia.
- Nicholas I's second son Nicholas II Garai (Nikola II Gorjanski, Garai MiklĆ³s II; 1367ā1433) was Palatine to the King of Hungary (1402ā1433) ban of MacsĆ³, Usora, Soli, Slavonia, Croatia and Dalmatia, and married to Theodora (Helen), daughter of Serbian Prince Lazar. In 1396 he fought the Ottomans in the Battle of Nicopolis which was lost due to others' errors. In 1416 Sigismund extended their armorial bearings showing the Order of the Dragon and the Order of the Scarf. He presented the patent to his brother-in-law Garai MiklĆ³s. Nicholas II's granddaughter Anna was engaged to Matthias Corvinus.
"BĆ”nfi" branchā»
- Nicholas I's uncle, Paul I Garai (Croatian: Pavao Gorjanski, Hungarian: Garai PĆ”l, Serbian: Pavle Gorjanski; 1280ā1353), was also a ban of MacsĆ³. His successors to this position were his son-in-law John AlsĆ”ni and his grandson Paul AlsĆ”ni.
- Paul's son, Paul BƔnfi de Gara (died in 1377/80) was the governor of Zala County.
- Paul's other son, Stephen BƔnfi de Gara (died in 1346/47) was also the governor of Zala.
- Stephen's son, Paul BƔnfi de Gara (died in 1386) was the governor of Zala as well.
- Paul's son, DezsÅ BĆ”nfi de Gara (died in 1437/40) was a ban of MacsĆ³.
- Stephen's son, Paul BƔnfi de Gara (died in 1386) was the governor of Zala as well.
Family treeā»
Common ancestorsā»
The following family tree depicts the known members of the family before its split into two branches: (* = born; ā = died; ā = wife or husband; b. = before; c. = in about; m. = mentioned)
| NN | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| John | Stephen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Andrew āN. Nevnai | Paul | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| "Palatine" branch | "BƔnfi" branch | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"Palatine" branchā»
The following family tree depicts the known members of the "Palatine" branch of the family: (* = born; ā = died; ā = wife or husband; b. = before; c. = in about; m. = mentioned)
| Andrew āN. Nevnai | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nicholas I Garai | Paul | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nicholas II Garai 1āHelena of Serbia 2āAnna of Celje | Elisabeth āSimon SzĆ©csĆ©nyi | Helen āNicholas II SzĆ©csi | Dorothea āNicholas Frankopan | John Garai āHedwig of Masovia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) Nicholas III Garai āMargaret Cseh | (2) Ladislaus Garai āAlexandra of Cieszyn | (2) Dorothea 1āLadislaus Kanizsai 2āRaynald Rozgonyi | (2) Barbara āJohn KorĆ³gyi | Catherine āNicholas Bebek | Dorothea Tvrtko II of Bosnia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Job Garai āEuphrosina Ćjlaki | Anne āEmeric HĆ©dervĆ”ri | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"BĆ”nfi" branchā»
See alsoā»
Referencesā»
- ^ Engel 2001, p. 87.
- ^ Ćrvai 2013, p. 104.
- ^ Ćrvai 2013, pp. 104ā105.
- ^ Ćrvai 2013, p. 105.
- ^ Ćrvai 2013, pp. 105, 118.
- ^ FĆ¼gedi 2004, p. 173.
Sourcesā»
- Ćrvai, TĆ¼nde (2013). "A hĆ”zassĆ”gok szerepe a Garaiak hatalmi tƶrekvĆ©seiben ā»". In Fedeles, TamĆ”s; Font, MĆ”rta; Kiss, Gergely (eds.). Kor-Szak-HatĆ”r (in Hungarian). PĆ©csi TudomĆ”nyegyetem. pp. 103ā118. ISBN 978-963-642-518-0.
- Engel, PĆ”l (2001). The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895ā1526. I.B. Tauris Publishers. ISBN 1-86064-061-3.
- FĆ¼gedi, Erik (2004). Uram, kirĆ”lyom... (in Hungarian). Fekete Sas KiadĆ³. ISBN 963935264-0.
- MolnĆ”r, MiklĆ³s (2001). A Concise History of Hungary. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-66736-4.
External linksā»
- http://garaiak.spaces.msn.com
- Marek, Miroslav. "hung/garai.html". Genealogy.EU.
- http://worldroots.com/brigitte/theroff/balkan.htm Archived 2004-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
- Map: Lands ruled by, Miklos Garai in 1400 AD
- Garai Tombstone 1380-5 Janus Pannonius Museum, PĆ©cs Hungary
- Siklos Church founded 1332 by Garai to honor St. Anne
- 1416 Extension of Garai Armorial Bearings by Sigismund
