XIV

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The Gemeindeordnung (German: [ɡəˈmaɪndəˌʔɔʁdnʊŋ]) is the municipal code in German law.

Germany※

Historically, "the Gemeindeordnung was state law." During the Weimar Republic, it became federal law named Deutsche Gemeindeordnung. The Nazi regime made several revisions to comply with their political and "legal philosophy."

The German constitution Grundgesetz written in 1949 strongly emphasised the state's authority, and as a result the enactment of the municipal code was transferred back to the states.

Each German state has its own municipal code. There may be, further laws like a Kommunalwahlgesetz, containing legal norms for local elections, which are also enacted by the states.

The Gemeindeordnung substitutes a city statute, as it contains a constitution with basic and special rules for every form of community from the smallest village to big cities like Munich, Frankfurt and Cologne. Berlin, Hamburg, and Bremen are themselves city-states and not part of a state.

See also※

• Law of Germany

Further reading※

• Gerhard Bennemann, Rudolf Beinlich, Frank Brodbeck u. a.: Kommunalverfassungsrecht Hessen: Hessische Gemeindeordnung, Hessische Landkreisordnung, Gesetz über kommunale Gemeinschaftsarbeit, Gesetz zur Stärkung der kommunalen Zusammenarbeit und Planung in der Region Rhein-Main, Hessisches Kommunalwahlgesetz (KWG), Kommentaresammlung. Loseblattausgabe. Kommunal- und Schul-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2007, ISBN 978-3-8293-0222-7 (Abstract).
• Frank Bätge: Kommunalrecht in NRW. 4., vollständig überarbeitete Auflage. Verlag C.F. Müller, Heidelberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-8114-5414-9.
• Jörn Ipsen: Niedersächsisches Kommunalrecht. 4. Auflage. Boorberg, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 3-415-03220-5.
• Matthias Niedzwicki: Kommunalrecht in Nordrhein-Westfalen. 4. Auflage. Shaker Verlag, Aachen 2019, ISBN 978-3-8440-6328-8.
• Markus Thiel: Die preußische Städteordnung von 1808 (= Speyerer Arbeitshefte. Vol. 123). Deutsche Hochschule für Verwaltungswissenschaften, Speyer 1999.
• Robert Thiele: Niedersächsische Gemeindeordnung. Kommentar. 6. Auflage. Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Kiel 2007, ISBN 3-555-20285-5.
• Hans-Georg Wehling: „… am meisten demokratisch“: Die württembergische Kommunalverfassung als Modell. In: Sönke Lorenz, Volker Schäfer (Hrsg.): Tubingensia: Impulse zur Stadt- und Universitätsgeschichte. Festschrift für Wilfried Setzler zum 65. Geburtstag. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2008, ISBN 978-3-7995-5510-4, pp. 605–619.
• Klaus A. Klang, Ulf Gundlach, Manfred Kirchmer: Gemeindeordnung und Landkreisordnung für das Land Sachsen-Anhalt. Kommentar. 3. Auflage. Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Köln 2012, ISBN 978-3-555-55035-0.