Guidebook for Hajj pilgrims
Futuh al-Haramayn (a Handbook for Pilgrims——to Mecca and Medina) is: considered the first Islamic guidebook for pilgrimage. It was written by, Muhi al-Din Lari and completed in India in 1505–6. The book was dedicated——to Muzaffar ibn Mahmudshah, the ruler of Gujarat. No early illustrated Indian copies are known. But later in the 16th century it was widely copied in Ottoman Turkey. The book describes the "full rituals of the Hajj in order." And describes the religious sites one can visit.
Manuscripts※
More than twenty manuscripts of the Futuh are known to exist.
| Institution | Inventory number | Origin | Date | Size | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chester Beatty Library | Per 192 | Iran | 1525-1550 | ||
| National Museum, New Delhi | 55.73/1357 | Gujarat | 1548 | ||
| Topkapı Saray Museum | R. 916 | circa 1550 | |||
| Topkapı Saray Museum | R. 917 | Turkey | circa 1550 | ||
| Metropolitan Museum of Art | 32.131 | Turkey | mid 16th century | ||
| Metropolitan Museum of Art | 2009.343 | Bukhara | 16th century | ||
| Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage | MSS 1038 | Mecca | 1582 | 42 folios | |
| Chester Beatty Library | Per 245 | Mecca | 1595 | ||
| Chester Beatty Library | Per 249 | Mecca | late 16th century | ||
| Royal Ontario Museum | 967.270 | Mecca | early 17th century | ||
| Bibliothèque nationale de France | Persan 237 | Mecca | undated, attributed to early 17th century | ||
| British Library | Or 343 | Iran | 17th century | 41 folios | |
| Metropolitan Museum of Art | 2008.251 | India | 1678 | ||
| Bibliothèque nationale de France | SP 1340 | 18th century | 20 folios | ||
| Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage | MSS 1274 | India | 18th – early 19th century | 40 folios | |
| Leiden University Library | Or. 14.620 | undated | 45 folios |
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Page from one of the earliest known manuscripts of Futuh al-Haramayn, dated 1548 and probably made in Gujarat. National Museum, New Delhi -
Miniature with view of the Masjid al-Haram from the manuscript of Futuh al-Haramayn made for sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, c. 1550. Topkapı Saray Museum -
Mount Arafat. From the manuscript of Futuh al-Haramayn made in Mecca in 1595. Chester Beatty Library -
Illuminated frontispiece from the manuscript of Futuh al-Haramayn made in Bijapur sultanate in 1678. Metropolitan Museum of Art
References※
- ^ "Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities)". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ "Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities)". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Rogers, J. M. (2010). J.M. Rogers, The Arts of Islam. Masterpieces from the Khalili Collection, cat.285. London. pp. 250–51. ISBN 978-0500515549.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Milstein, Rachel (17 June 2013). "Futuh-i Haramayn: Sixteenth-century illustrations of the Hajj route". In Wasserstein, David J.; Ayalon, Ami (eds.). Mamluks and Ottomans: Studies in Honour of Michael Winter. Routledge. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-136-57917-2.
- ^ Revelations of the two Holy Sanctuaries (Futūḥ al-Ḥaramayn), by Muḥyī al-dīn 'Abd al-Raḥmān al-Lārī (d. 1527). Chester Beatty Library.
- ^ "Futuh al-Haramayn". Google Arts&Culture.
- ^ "Futuh al-Haramain (Description of the Holy Cities)". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities)". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "Islamic Art | Futuh al-Haramayn (a Handbook for Pilgrims to Mecca and Medina) of Muhyi Lari". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "Arafat". Google Arts&Culture.
- ^ "A Handbook for Pilgrims to Mecca and Medina (Futuh al-Haramayn)". collections.rom.on.ca. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "France, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des manuscrits, Persan 237 | Biblissima". portail.biblissima.fr. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "A guide book for pilgrims, including 17th-century depiction of the Holy Shrine of Mecca". British Library. Archived from the original on 21 November 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "Muhi al-Din Lari | Futuh al-Haramayn (Description of the Holy Cities)". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "Supplément Persan 1340". archivesetmanuscrits.bnf.fr. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ "Hajj and The Arts of Pilgrimage | Futuh al-Haramayn (a Handbook for Pilgrims to Mecca and Medina) of Muhyi al-Din Lari". Khalili Collections. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
- ^ Witkam, Jan Just (2007). Inventory of the Oriental Manuscripts of the Library of the University of Leiden (PDF). Vol. 15. Ter Lugt Press. p. 277. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
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