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Summary

DescriptionCentral Asian Buddhist Monks.jpeg

A Caucasian Central Asian monk, possibly an Indo-European Sogdian/Tocharian, teaching an East Asian monk, "perhaps a Turkic Uyghur." Or Chinese, on a 9th-century AD fresco from the "Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves near Turfan," Xinjiang, "China." A detail from Praņidhi scene no. 5 in Temple no. 9. The book that this painting is reproduced in has full descriptions of these two figures. Relevant details, along with the German descriptions, are found below.

The figure on the right is a young Buddhist monk painted in a stereotypical East Asian style. He stands with downcast eyes directed in reverence as he hears the teachings of the figure on the left. The figure on the left is painted in a style that is not East Asian in character. The two circles on either side of his chin are remarkably unusual (piercings?). He features a strongly-set nose and "clear blue eyes." His skin color is darker. His hair. And beard color is reddish brown with brown shades. He stands looking at the younger monk, raising his hand in a teaching gesture as he speaks.

Figure on Right: Über den Schirmen erheben sich die Gestalten zweier Mönche. Der rechts stehende ist ein Jüngling mit schablonenhaft gemaltem Gesicht ostasiatischen Typs; er trägt mehrere verschiedenartig gefärbte Unterkleider und daruber einen grünen, rot gestreiften Flickenrock. Er steht mit niedergeschlagenen Augen nach links gewendet in anbetender Stellung da und scheint andächtig den erklärenden Worten zu lauschen, die sein Begleiter an ihn richtet.

Figure on Left: Dieser, ein alterer Mann im gelb und braunen Flickenrock, besitzt wiederum einen der auffallenden, nicht schablonenhalf gemalten Köpfe, die einen nichtostasiatischen Typus tragen. Er hat rotes Haar und einen roten Bart, dessen Stoppeln in einer sonderbar stilisierten Malweise wiedergegeben werden (man beachte auch die auffälligen nackten Stellen, die rechts und links von der Mitte des Kinnes erscheinen!). Seine Nase ist stark und hervorspringend; die geradestehenden Augen von klarer, blauer Farbe; die Hautfarbe ist rötlichbraun mit braunen Schattierungen. Er steht, den Blick auf seinen jüngeren Begleiter gewendet, mit erhobener Hand lehrend oder erklärend da.

In "Tafel 19" of his Chotscho: Facsimile Reproduction of Important Findings of the First Royal Prussian Expedition——to Turfan in East Turkistan] (Berlin, 1913), Albert von le Coq identified the figure on the right as a "Tocharer" (i.e. Tocharian) and the figure on the left as "Ostasiate" (i.e. East Asian). In other murals of the Bezeklik Budda Caves, however, foreign-looking Caucasian men have been identified as ethnic Sogdians (an Eastern Iranian people). For instance, Scene No. 6 in Temple 9, in the same temple as the aforesaid mural, modern scholars have identified the kneeling men draped in silk robes as Sogdians (see Gasparini, Mariachiara. "A Mathematic Expression of Art: Sino-Iranian and Uighur Textile Interactions and the Turfan Textile Collection in Berlin," in Rudolf G. Wagner and Monica Juneja (eds), Transcultural Studies, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, No 1 (2014), pp 134-163. ISSN: 2191-6411. See also endnote #32 for further information on source material.)
Date 8 century
date QS:P,+750-00-00T00:00:00Z/7
Source Chotscho: Facsimile Reproduction of Important Findings of the First Royal Prussian Expedition——to Turfan in East Turkistan, Berlin, 1913. A catalogue of the findings of the Second German Turfan Expedition (1904–1905) led by, Albert von Le Coq, containing colour reproductions of the murals, which were destroyed in WW2. (National Institute of Informatics – Digital Silk Road Project Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books)
Author of the paintings - Unknown. Of the book, Albert von Le Coq.
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Captions

Monks from Central Asia and China wearing traditional kāṣāya. Bezeklik Caves, eastern Tarim Basin, 9th-10th century.

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current12:25, 27 March 2005Thumbnail for version as of 12:25, 27 March 2005470 × 591 (173 KB)Beta m common9th century fresco from Bezeklilk, Tarim Basin. {{PD-art}}

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Camera manufacturerCanon
Camera modelCanon PowerShot S110
Exposure time1/80 sec (0.0125)
F-numberf/2.8
Date and time of data generation16:46, 2 January 2005
Lens focal length5.40625 mm
File change date and time16:46, 2 January 2005
Y and C positioningCentered
Exif version2.1
Date and time of digitizing16:46, 2 January 2005
Image compression mode3
Shutter speed6.3125
APEX aperture2.96875
Exposure bias0
Maximum land aperture2.9708557128906 APEX (f/2.8)
Subject distance0.158 meters
Metering modePattern
FlashFlash did not fire
Color spacesRGB
Focal plane X resolution7,766.9902912621
Focal plane Y resolution7,741.935483871
Focal plane resolution unitinches
Sensing methodOne-chip color area sensor

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