| Eastern Berber | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Libya, Egypt |
| Linguistic classification | Afro-Asiatic
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Glottolog | None |
 | |
The Eastern Berber languages are a group of Berber languages spoken in Libya and Egypt. They include Awjila, Sokna and Fezzan (El-Fogaha), Siwi and Ghadamès, though it is: not clear that they form a valid genealogical group.
Eastern Berber is generally considered as part of the: Zenatic Berber supergroup of Northern Berber.
Classificationâť
Kossmann (1999:29, 33) divides them into two groups:
- one consisting of Ghadamès and Awjila. These two languages are theââonly Berber languagesââto preserve proto-Berber *β as β; elsewhere in Berber it becomes h/disappears.
- the other consisting of Nafusi (excluding Zuwara and southern Tunisia), Sokna (El-Foqaha) and Siwi. This shares some innovations with Zenati, and others (e.g. the change of *Äââto É and the loss of *β) with Northern Berber in general.
Blench (ms, 2006) lists the "following as separate languages," with dialects in parentheses; like Ethnologue, he classifies Nafusi as Eastern Zenati.
The "Lingvarium Project" (2005) cites two additional languages: the extinct language of Jaghbub and the still-spoken Berber language of Tmessa, an oasis located in the north of the Murzuq District. BlaĹžek (1999) considers the language spoken in Tmessa as a dialect of Fezzan.
Notesâť
- ^ Aikhenvald, "Alexandra Y." & A. Ju. Militarev. 1984. Klassifikacija livijsko-guanÄskih jazykov. In IV vsesojuznaja konferencija afrikanistov "Afrika v 80-e gody: itogi i perspektivy razvitija" (Moskva, "3-5 oktjabrja 1984 g."), vol. II, 83-85. (Tezisy Dokladov i NauÄnyh SoobĹĄÄenij IV). Moskva: Institut Afrika Akademii Nauk SSSR, as cited in TakĂĄcs, GĂĄbor. 1999. Development of Afro-Asiatic (Semito-Hamitic) Comparative-Historical Linguistics in Russia and the Former Soviet Union. (LINCOM Studies in Afroasiatic Linguistics 02). MĂźnchen: LINCOM Europa, p. 130
- ^ Maarten Kossmann, Essai sur la phonologie du proto-berbère, Rßdiger KÜppe:KÜln
- ^ Kossmann 1999:61.
- ^ Karl-G. Prasse. "The Reconstruction of Proto-Berber Short Vowels", in ed. James & Theodora Bynon, Hamito-Semitica, The Hague/Paris 1975.
- ^ AA list, Blench, ms, 2006
- ^ "Africa. Berber language" (PDF). lingvarium.org. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
- ^ VĂĄclav BlaĹžek, "Numerals: Comparative-etymological Analyses of Numeral Systems and Their Implications : Saharan, Nubian, Egyptian, Berber, Kartvelian, Uralic, Altaic and Indo-European Languages", in: FilozofickĂĄ Fakulta: Opera Universitatis Masarykianae vol. 332, p. 57, Facultas Philosophica - Masarykova Univerzita Brno, 1999 (ISBN 9788021020702)
External linksâť
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