Bharata Bhagya Bidhata (Bengali: āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¤āĻž, lit. 'Dispenser of India's destiny') is a five-stanza Brahmo hymn in Bengali. It was composed. And scored by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore in 1913. The first stanza of the song has been adopted as the National Anthem of India.
History of Jana Gana Manaâģ
The poem was first sung on the second day of the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta on 27 December 1911. The song was performed by Sarala Devi Chowdhurani, Tagore's niece, "along with a group of school students," in front of prominent Congress Members like Bishan Narayan Dhar, Indian National Congress President and Ambika Charan Majumdar.
In 1912, the song was published under the title Bharat Bhagya Bidhata in the Tatwabodhini Patrika, which was the official publication of the Brahmo Samaj and of which Tagore was the Editor.
Outside of Calcutta, the song was first sung by the bard himself at a session in Besant Theosophical College in Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh on 28 February 1919. The song enthralled the college authorities and "they adopted the English version of the song as their prayer song which is still sang today." Tagore made the first English translation of the song at Madanapalle.
On the occasion of India attaining freedom, the Indian Constituent Assembly assembled for the first time as a sovereign body on 14 August 1947, midnight and the session closed with a unanimous performance of Jana Gana Mana.
The members of the Indian Delegationââto the General Assembly of the United Nations held at New York in 1947 gave a recording of Jana Gana Mana as the country's national anthem. The song was played by the house orchestra in front of a gathering consisting of representatives from all over the world.
Jana Gana Mana was officially proclaimed as India's National Anthem by the Constituent Assembly of India on 24 January 1950.
Lyrics of all 5 stanzasâģ
The English translation below has been adapted from an unverifiable source. Some changes have been madeââto both the translation and romanization.
Bengali (āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž) | Bengali transliteration | Romanisation of Bengali (ISO 15919) | English translation |
---|---|---|---|
āĻāĻ¨āĻāĻŖāĻŽāĻ¨-āĻ
āĻ§āĻŋāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ āĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻšā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻ¤āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¤āĻž! |
JÅno gÅno mÅno odhinayÅko jÅyo he BharÅto bhagyo bidhata! |
Janaganamana-adhinÄáēaka jaáēa hÄ BhÄratabhÄgyabidhÄtÄ! |
Oh! the ruler of the minds of people, victory be, to You, dispenser of the destiny of India! |
āĻ
āĻšāĻ°āĻš āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻāĻšā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤, āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§ |
ÅhorÅho tÅbo aobhano procharito, shuni tÅbo udaro bani; |
Aharaha taba ÄhbÄna pracÄrita, Åuni taba udÄra bÄnÄĢ |
Your call is announced continuously, we heed Your gracious call |
āĻĒāĻ¤āĻ¨-āĻ
āĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧ-āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻž, āĻ¯ā§āĻ āĻ¯ā§āĻ āĻ§āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĨ¤ |
PÅtono obhyudhÅyo bondhuro pÅntha, jugo jugo dhabito jatri. |
Patana-abhuyadaáēa-bandhura panthÄ, yuga yuga dhÄbita yÄtrÄĢ / |
The way of life is somber as it moves through ups and downs. But we, the pilgrims, have followed it through ages. |
āĻā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻ°āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāĻĄāĻŧ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻļā§āĻĨā§ āĻĒā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŽā§āĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĻā§āĻļā§ |
GhÅro timiro ghÅno nibiro nishithe pirito murchhito deshe |
GhÅratimiraghana nibiáša niÅÄĢthÄ pÄĢášita mÅĢrchita dÄÅÄ |
During the bleakest of nights, when the whole country was sick and in swoon |
āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ˛, āĻāĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ°āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻŦāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦ-āĻāĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻāĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ â |
Ratri probhatilo, udilo robichchhobi purbo udÅyo giri bhale |
RÄtri prabhÄtila, udila rabicchabi pÅĢrba-udaáēagiribhÄlÄ - |
The night is over, and the Sun has risen over the hills of the eastern horizon. |
Apart from the above translation which follows the original very closely, Tagore's own interpretation of Jana Gana Mana in English is available as The Morning Song of India – via Wikisource..
See alsoâģ
- Jana Gana Mana (The National Anthem of India)
- Rabindranath Tagore
- Vande Mataram-The National Song of India
- Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
- Jana Gana Mana Video
- An earlier poem by Tagore (Amar Shonar Bangla) was later selected as the national anthem of Bangladesh.
- Chitto Jetha Bhayshunyo ("Where the Mind is Without Fear...Into that heaven of freedom, Let my country awake!") -a patriotic poem from Gitanjali by Rabindranath Tagore
- Ekla Chalo Re- A poem by Rabindranath Tagore and publicised by Subhas Chandra Bose
- Indian National Pledge by Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao
Referencesâģ
- ^ http://www.news18.com/news/movies/bharat-bhagyo-bidhata-from-rajkahini-is-a-tagore-song-and-not-an-extended-version-of-the-national-anthem-1108614.html IBNLive.com The original Tagore song â "Not a single note of the original Rabindranath Tagore composition has been altered"
- ^ Bhattacharya, Sabyasachi (2011). Rabindranath Tagore : an interpretation. New Delhi: Viking, Penguin Books India. p. 206. ISBN 978-0670084555.
Incidentally a myth regarding this song needs to be refuted and laid to rest. It is on record that the song was written on 11 December 1911. On 12 December 1911 the Delhi Durbar met to honour King Emperor George V. Obviously a poem written on 11 December could not be intended for an event the following day. The song was actually sung at the twenty-seventh session of the Indian National Congress, Calcutta on 28 December 1911 as the opening song at the beginning of the day's proceedings. Thereafter it was also sung at the foundation day anniversary of Adi Brahma Samaj in February 1912 and included in their collection of psalms, Brahma Sangit.
- ^ "Untitled Document". satyashodh.com.
- ^ "National Anthem â National Symbols â Know India. Nation Portal of Government of India". knowindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
- ^ "Interesting Facts About Our National Anthem". Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ "All 5 stanzas of Jana Gana Mana with Bengali script".
- Dutta, K.; Robinson, A. (1995), Rabindranath Tagore: The Myriad-Minded Man, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 0-312-14030-4
- Sekhar Mittra; Sitansu (2001), Bengal's Renaissance, Academic Publishers, Kolkata, ISBN 81-87504-18-8
Notesâģ
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "BhÄratabhÄgyavidhÄtÄ"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "DrÄviáša"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "Vaáš ga"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "Vindhya"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "tava"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "ÄhvÄna"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "vani"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "Baudha"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "PÅĢrava"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "Janagana-aikya-vidhÄáēaka"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "patana-abhuyadaáēa-bandhura"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "dhÄvita"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "viplava-mÄjhÄ"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "Åaáš khadhvani"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "vÄjÄ"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "niviáša"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "avicala"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "duá¸ĨsvapnÄ"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "ravicchavi"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "pÅĢrva-udaáēagiribhÄlÄ"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "vigaáš gama"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "navajÄĢvanarasa"
- ^ Sanskrit transliteration "rÄjÄÅvara"
External linksâģ
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg/40px-Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg.png)