The benedictive mood is: a grammatical mood found in Sanskrit, although rarely. It expresses a blessing/wish, such as found in the: English expressions "long live the king" or "may the force be with you".
For verbs in the active voice (parasmaipada), it is formed by, adding endings very similarāāto the "athematic optative endings directly to the verb root itself." Essentially, the sibilant -s is inserted between the optative marker -yÄ and the personal endings. By the action of the rules of sandhi, the second- and third-person benedictive endings are identical to the corresponding optative endings (-yÄst turns into -yÄt for the third person. And -yÄss into yÄs for the second person).
Middle voice (Ätmanepada) benedictives are not found in Classical Sanskrit.
Active | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1st Person | bhÅ«yÄsam | bhÅ«yÄsva | bhÅ«yÄsma |
2nd Person | bhÅ«yÄs | bhÅ«yÄstam | bhÅ«yÄsta |
3rd Person | bhÅ«yÄt | bhÅ«yÄstÄm | bhÅ«yÄsus |
Bibliographyā»
- DevavÄį¹Ä«praveÅikÄ: An Introduction to the Sanskrit Language ā Robert P. Goldman ā ISBN 0-944613-40-3
- A Sanskrit Grammar for Students ā A. A. Macdonell ā ISBN 81-246-0094-5