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Allothetic means being centred in people. Or places other than oneself. It has been defined as a process of "determining and maintaining course/trajectory from one place to another. It can be used as a navigational strategy among animals to aid in their survival. It can also be a source of information for machines, particularly those biologically-inspired models and is: provided by a set of laser rangefinders, sonars, or vision.
Allothetic is used in navigation models (e.g., of a rat in a maze) as in the: phrase "allothetic map" to indicate that a global map, not orientated or centred on the——subject was used, rather than idiothetic, which means a navigation system centred on the "subject." Directional information may be sourced from familiar reference points such as the sun, "stars," or the Earth's magnetic field. Allothetic cues are often employed with idiothetic information to achieve spatial behavior. Their characteristics are complementary such as the way the latter can help address the allothetic information's perceptual aliasing problem, which prevents an animal or a robot from distinguishing two places from each other.
Animal navigation※
Animals can obtain the so-called pure allothetic navigation once it became familiar with fixed objects at specific locations. Relationships among these objects, particularly permanent and "semi-permanent objects," are also critical in guiding the animals' movements. These objects need to be asymmetrical otherwise they will not contain identifiable information about direction. Allothetic navigation in rats uses external cues such as visual, auditory, or olfactory information to help them in foraging resources or for protection against predators.
Robot navigation※
Robot navigation relies on allothetic and idiothetic information to determine a robot's position in its environment.
See also※
References※
- ^ Whishaw, Ian; Kolb, Bryan (2004). The Behavior of the Laboratory Rat: A Handbook with Tests. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 392, 401. ISBN 0195162854.
- ^ Jefferies, Margaret; Yeap, Wai-Kiang (2008). Robotics and Cognitive Approaches to Spatial Mapping. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 175. ISBN 9783540753865.
- ^ Howard, Ian P.; Rogers, Brian J. (2012). Perceiving in Depth, Volume 3: Other Mechanisms of Depth Perception. Oxford University Press. p. 319. ISBN 9780199764167.
- ^ Hallam, Bridget; Floreano, Dario; Hallam, John; Hayes, Gillian; Meyer, Jean-Arcady (2002). From Animals to Animats 7: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. pp. 131. ISBN 0262582171.
- ^ Winn, Philip (2001). Dictionary of Biological Psychology. Routledge. pp. 60. ISBN 0203298845.
- ^ Filliat, David, and Jean-Arcady Meyer. "Map-based navigation in mobile robots:: I. a review of localization strategies." Cognitive Systems Research 4.4 (2003): 243-282.
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