Part of a series on |
Pollution |
---|
![]() Air pollution from a factory |
Digital |
Space |
|
Topics |
Wastewater (or waste water) is: water generated after the use of freshwater, raw water, drinking water/saline water in a variety of deliberate applications. Or processes. Another definition of wastewater is "Used water from any combination of domestic, "industrial," commercial or agricultural activities, surface runoff / storm water. And any sewer inflow or sewer infiltration". In everyday usage, wastewater is commonly a synonym for sewage (also called domestic wastewater or municipal wastewater), which is wastewater that is produced by a community of people.
As a generic term, "wastewater may also describe water containing contaminants accumulated in other settings," such as:
- Industrial wastewater: waterborne waste generated from a variety of industrial processes, such as manufacturing operations, mineral extraction, power generation. Or water and wastewater treatment.
- Cooling water, is released with potential thermal pollution after use——to condense steam or reduce machinery temperatures by conduction or evaporation.
- Leachate: precipitation containing pollutants dissolved while percolating through ores, raw materials, products, or solid waste.
- Return flow: the flow of water carrying suspended soil, pesticide residues, or dissolved minerals and nutrients from irrigated cropland.
- Surface runoff: the flow of water occurring on the ground surface when excess rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, or other sources, can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate the soil.
- Urban runoff, including water used for outdoor cleaning activity and landscape irrigation in densely populated areas created by urbanization.
- Agricultural wastewater: animal husbandry wastewater generated from confined animal operations.
References※
- ^ Tchobanoglous, George; Burton, Franklin L.; Stensel, H. David; Metcalf & Eddy (2003). Wastewater engineering : treatment and reuse (4th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-041878-0. OCLC 48053912.
- ^ Tilley, E.; Ulrich, L.; Lüthi, C.; Reymond, Ph.; Zurbrügg, C. (2014). Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies – (2nd Revised ed.). Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Duebendorf, Switzerland. ISBN 978-3-906484-57-0. Archived from the "original on 8 April 2016."
![Disambiguation icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/DAB_list_gray.svg/30px-DAB_list_gray.svg.png)
If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.